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Internal migration in the People's Republic of China is one of the most extensive in the world according to the International Labour Organization. This is because migrants in China are commonly members of a floating population, which refers primarily to migrants in China without local household registration status through the Chinese Hukou system. In general, rural-urban migrant most excluded from local educational resources, citywide social welfare programs and many jobs because of their lack of hukou status. Migrant workers are not necessarily rural workers; they can simply be people living in urban areas with rural household registration.

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  • Migration in China (en)
  • Płynna populacja (pl)
  • 中国流动人口 (zh)
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  • Płynna populacja (chiń. 流动人口 liúdòng rénkŏu) ang. floating population – termin używany we współczesnych Chinach na oznaczenie osób, które mieszkają i pracują poza adresem zameldowania (tzw. hukou) w okresie do 5 lat. Ze względu na ogromną skalę zjawisko to - obejmujące ponad 100 mln osób - jest bezprecedensowe w historii ludzkości i powoduje rozmaite konsekwencje demograficzne, gospodarcze i polityczne, dlatego stanowi przedmiot zainteresowania chińskich władz i socjologów. W innych regionach świata zjawisko jest znane pod nazwą migracji wewnętrznych. (pl)
  • 流动人口是在中国户籍制度条件下的一个概念,指离开了户籍所在地到其他地方居住的人口,但目前尚无明确、准确和统一的定义。国际上,类似的群体称为“国内移民”(internal migration)。中国的人口流动主要是由农村流向城市,由经济欠发达地区流向经济发达地区,由中西部地区流向东部沿海地区。 流动人口可以分为流入人口和流出人口,流入人口是指来到该地区的非户籍人口,流出人口是指离开该地区到其他地方居住的户籍人口。流动人口根据流动性可以分为常住流动人口和短期流动人口,常住流动人口一般指在该地区居住较长的一段时间(如5年)。目前流动人口的行政管理以公安部门为主,主要抓流动人口的治安问题。劳动和社会保障,卫生,教育,计划生育等部门分别管理流动人口的不同方面。中国没有制定流动人口管理的法规,流动人口管理的法规主要是省市一级。最早的省一级的流动人口立法是1987年的《广东省流动人口计划生育管理办法》規定必須申請流動人口婚育證明。由于户籍与教育、医疗、社会保障等挂钩,离开了户籍所在地流动人口就权益得不到保障,比如流动人口中学龄少年儿童的义务教育问题。流动人口的政治权利,如选举权和被选举权。 根据中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会2017年11月10日发布的《2017》,2016年中国流动人口数为2.45亿人。 (zh)
  • Internal migration in the People's Republic of China is one of the most extensive in the world according to the International Labour Organization. This is because migrants in China are commonly members of a floating population, which refers primarily to migrants in China without local household registration status through the Chinese Hukou system. In general, rural-urban migrant most excluded from local educational resources, citywide social welfare programs and many jobs because of their lack of hukou status. Migrant workers are not necessarily rural workers; they can simply be people living in urban areas with rural household registration. (en)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Badong-G209-5061.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Beijing_school_classroom.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/China_administrative.gif
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Family_planning_event_outside_Wuchang_Train_Station_-_P1040944.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Population_density_in_Eastern_Provinces.png
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