In ancient Rome, munera (Latin plural; singular munus) were public works and entertainments provided for the benefit of the Roman people by individuals of high status and wealth. Munera means "duty, obligation" (cf. English "munificence"), expressing the individual's responsibility to provide a service or contribution to his community. The word was often a synonym for gladiatorial combat, which was originally sponsored as a funeral tribute at the tomb of a deceased Roman magnate by his heir. Munera depended on the private largesse of individuals, in contrast to ludi, which were games, athletic contests or spectacles sponsored by the state.
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| - Munera (de)
- Munera (ancient Rome) (en)
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| - In ancient Rome, munera (Latin plural; singular munus) were public works and entertainments provided for the benefit of the Roman people by individuals of high status and wealth. Munera means "duty, obligation" (cf. English "munificence"), expressing the individual's responsibility to provide a service or contribution to his community. The word was often a synonym for gladiatorial combat, which was originally sponsored as a funeral tribute at the tomb of a deceased Roman magnate by his heir. Munera depended on the private largesse of individuals, in contrast to ludi, which were games, athletic contests or spectacles sponsored by the state. (en)
- Munera (lateinisch munus, Sg.) bezeichnete in der römischen Antike generell einen Dienst für die Allgemeinheit. Bei einer Übersetzung ins Deutsche kommen diverse Worte in Betracht, wie Aufgabe, Amt, Geschenk, Opfer, Schauspiel, Gefälligkeit. Ähnlich der griechischen Leiturgie war das Feld der möglichen Leistungen breit gefächert. Folgende Aufgaben können zu den gängigeren munera gezählt werden: (de)
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| - Munera (lateinisch munus, Sg.) bezeichnete in der römischen Antike generell einen Dienst für die Allgemeinheit. Bei einer Übersetzung ins Deutsche kommen diverse Worte in Betracht, wie Aufgabe, Amt, Geschenk, Opfer, Schauspiel, Gefälligkeit. Ähnlich der griechischen Leiturgie war das Feld der möglichen Leistungen breit gefächert. Folgende Aufgaben können zu den gängigeren munera gezählt werden:
* Finanzierung von öffentlichen Spielen und Feierlichkeiten, besonders bei Ädilen
* Gladiatorenspiel und -dienst (munus gladiatorum)
* Militärdienst (munera militae), insbesondere der normale Dienst des einfachen Legionärs, der aus Wache, Lagerbau, Transportarbeiten u. ä. bestand
* Abgaben für die Versorgung der Armee
* Zivilämter (munera civilia), sowohl ordentliche Magistraturen und außerordentliche Funktionen, wie z. B. Curator aquarum als auch Subalternämter, wie z. B. saccarius (Ladehelfer auf Schiffen) (de)
- In ancient Rome, munera (Latin plural; singular munus) were public works and entertainments provided for the benefit of the Roman people by individuals of high status and wealth. Munera means "duty, obligation" (cf. English "munificence"), expressing the individual's responsibility to provide a service or contribution to his community. The word was often a synonym for gladiatorial combat, which was originally sponsored as a funeral tribute at the tomb of a deceased Roman magnate by his heir. Munera depended on the private largesse of individuals, in contrast to ludi, which were games, athletic contests or spectacles sponsored by the state. (en)
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