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Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is a technique to separate a solvent (for example, fresh water) from a solution that is more concentrated (e.g. sea water) and also pressurized. A semipermeable membrane allows the solvent to pass to the concentrated solution side by osmosis. The technique can be used to generate power from the salinity gradient energy resulting from the difference in the salt concentration between sea and river water.In PRO, the water potential between fresh water and sea water corresponds to a pressure of 26 bars. This pressure is equivalent to a column of water (hydraulic head) 270 meters high.However, the optimal working pressure is only half of this, 11 to 15 bar.

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  • Ósmosis por presión retardada (es)
  • Osmose à pression retardée (fr)
  • Pressure-retarded osmosis (en)
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  • L'osmose à pression retardée (pressure-retarded osmosis en anglais, PRO) est une méthode de séparation membranaire basée sur l'osmose et utilisée pour produire de l'énergie en utilisant de l'eau douce et de l'eau salée. L'eau douce peut provenir d'une rivière et l'eau salée de la mer. L'énergie obtenue est appelée énergie osmotique. (fr)
  • Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is a technique to separate a solvent (for example, fresh water) from a solution that is more concentrated (e.g. sea water) and also pressurized. A semipermeable membrane allows the solvent to pass to the concentrated solution side by osmosis. The technique can be used to generate power from the salinity gradient energy resulting from the difference in the salt concentration between sea and river water.In PRO, the water potential between fresh water and sea water corresponds to a pressure of 26 bars. This pressure is equivalent to a column of water (hydraulic head) 270 meters high.However, the optimal working pressure is only half of this, 11 to 15 bar. (en)
  • La ósmosis por presión retardada, OPR es la energía del gradiente de salinidad obtenida por diferencia en la concentración salina entre el agua de mar y agua de río. Su fuerza es de 26 000 kPa (ex 26 bares). Eso es equivalente a una columna de agua (energía hidráulica) de 270 m de altura.​ Sin embargo, la presión de trabajo óptima es solo la mitad de eso: 11 a 15 bar.​ (es)
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  • L'osmose à pression retardée (pressure-retarded osmosis en anglais, PRO) est une méthode de séparation membranaire basée sur l'osmose et utilisée pour produire de l'énergie en utilisant de l'eau douce et de l'eau salée. L'eau douce peut provenir d'une rivière et l'eau salée de la mer. L'énergie obtenue est appelée énergie osmotique. (fr)
  • La ósmosis por presión retardada, OPR es la energía del gradiente de salinidad obtenida por diferencia en la concentración salina entre el agua de mar y agua de río. Su fuerza es de 26 000 kPa (ex 26 bares). Eso es equivalente a una columna de agua (energía hidráulica) de 270 m de altura.​ Sin embargo, la presión de trabajo óptima es solo la mitad de eso: 11 a 15 bar.​ La OPR utiliza tecnologías basadas en poner en contacto los dos fluidos (agua de río y agua de mar) a través de una membrana específica que permite pasar el agua, pero no las sales. Esto genera una diferencia de presión que puede aprovecharse en una turbina. Una planta prototipo funciona desde el año 2009 en Tofte (Noruega), desarrollada por Statkraft,​ demostrando el potencial de esta fuente de energía renovable, que tiene la ventaja de basarse en tecnologías similares a las de Ósmosis Inversa, diferiendo fundamentalmente en el tipo de membrana a utilizar. Genera 4 kW/h.​ (es)
  • Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is a technique to separate a solvent (for example, fresh water) from a solution that is more concentrated (e.g. sea water) and also pressurized. A semipermeable membrane allows the solvent to pass to the concentrated solution side by osmosis. The technique can be used to generate power from the salinity gradient energy resulting from the difference in the salt concentration between sea and river water.In PRO, the water potential between fresh water and sea water corresponds to a pressure of 26 bars. This pressure is equivalent to a column of water (hydraulic head) 270 meters high.However, the optimal working pressure is only half of this, 11 to 15 bar. (en)
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