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The Proština rebellion was a rebellion by peasants in Istria, current day Croatia, against the fascist government. It began in early February 1921 and was quelled on 5 April 1921. Almost at the same time, a miners' uprising known as the Labin Republic took place in the neighboring Labin region. It was one of the first anti-fascism uprisings in Europe.

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  • Ribellione di Proština (it)
  • Proština rebellion (en)
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  • The Proština rebellion was a rebellion by peasants in Istria, current day Croatia, against the fascist government. It began in early February 1921 and was quelled on 5 April 1921. Almost at the same time, a miners' uprising known as the Labin Republic took place in the neighboring Labin region. It was one of the first anti-fascism uprisings in Europe. (en)
  • La ribellione di Proština (in croato: Proštinska buna) fu una rivolta dei contadini nella zona di in Istria contro il terrore fascista. Scoppiò all'inizio di febbraio 1921 e fu sedata il 5 aprile dello stesso anno. Quasi allo stesso tempo, nella vicina regione di Albona, ebbe luogo una rivolta dei minatori nota come Repubblica di Albona. (it)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Partito_Comunista_Italiano.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Istria_landuse,_roads_and_borders.png
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arrests
causes
  • Fascist terror (en)
date
fatalities
  • Several (en)
goals
  • Suppression of fascist violence and discrimination (en)
howmany
partof
  • the Revolutions of 1917–1923 (en)
place
result
  • Government victory *Civilians arrested *Village of Šegotići burned to the ground (en)
side
  • Civilians led by Ante Ciliga * Communist Party of Italy (en)
title
  • Proština rebellion (en)
has abstract
  • The Proština rebellion was a rebellion by peasants in Istria, current day Croatia, against the fascist government. It began in early February 1921 and was quelled on 5 April 1921. Almost at the same time, a miners' uprising known as the Labin Republic took place in the neighboring Labin region. It was one of the first anti-fascism uprisings in Europe. In order to intimidate the population, fascist squadrons were intruding into Istrian villages. The first such incursion to Krnica and Proština was undertaken on the night of 2–3 February 1921, the second in mid-March, and the third in early April of the same year. That is why local peasants decided to offer organized resistance. The main organizer of the resistance was Ante Ciliga, who, together with the communists there, founded a party organization in Proština. On several occasions, the rebels emphasized in writing to the local authorities and the Carabinieri that their action was not an anti-state uprising, but only a (self-) defensive action directed against the fascist terror. During conflict in early April 1921, the Proština rebels managed to capture two fascists, while the other fascists retreated to Marčana and Krnica, taking with them the innkeeper Ivan Macuka as a hostage, whom the Proština rebels eventually freed. After these events, units of the regular army and police with about 400 members, and with about 100 members of the fascist squadrons invaded the villages of Proština on 5 April 1921 and broke the resistance of the three hundred or so poorly armed peasants there. The fascists burned the village of Šegotići and several other houses in other villages. About 400 participants of the Proština rebellion were arrested and taken to the Pula remand prison. Fascists and soldiers beat and mistreated arrested anti-fascists on the way, and several people died as a result of the beatings. Gradually, the anti-fascists were released from prison and later, in the context of the process of wider political amnesty, all were released. (en)
  • La ribellione di Proština (in croato: Proštinska buna) fu una rivolta dei contadini nella zona di in Istria contro il terrore fascista. Scoppiò all'inizio di febbraio 1921 e fu sedata il 5 aprile dello stesso anno. Quasi allo stesso tempo, nella vicina regione di Albona, ebbe luogo una rivolta dei minatori nota come Repubblica di Albona. Per intimidire la popolazione le squadre fasciste si introducevano nei villaggi istriani. La prima di queste incursioni a (Krnica) e Proština fu intrapresa la notte tra il 2-3 febbraio 1921, la seconda a metà marzo e la terza all'inizio di aprile. Ecco perché i contadini locali decisero di organizzare una resistenza armata. Il principale organizzatore della resistenza fu , che, insieme ai comunisti locali, fondò un'organizzazione di partito a Proština. In più occasioni i ribelli sottolinearono per iscritto alle autorità locali e ai Carabinieri che la loro azione non era una rivolta antistatale, ma solo un'azione (auto)difensiva diretta contro il terrore fascista. Durante il conflitto all'inizio di aprile 1921, i ribelli di Proština riuscirono a catturare due fascisti, mentre gli altri fascisti si ritirarono a Marzana (Marčana) e Carnizza, portando con sé l'oste Ivan Macuka, che alla fine liberarono. Dopo questi eventi unità del Regio Esercito e della polizia con circa 400 effettivi e con circa 100 membri delle squadriglie fasciste invasero i villaggi di Proština il 5 aprile 1921 e ruppero la resistenza dei circa trecento contadini male armati. I fascisti bruciarono il villaggio di (Šegotići) e diverse altre case in altri villaggi. Circa 400 partecipanti alla ribellione di Proština furono arrestati e portati nel carcere di Pola. Fascisti e soldati picchiarono e maltrattarono gli antifascisti arrestati lungo la strada, e diverse persone morirono a causa delle percosse. Gradualmente gli antifascisti furono scarcerati e successivamente, nell'ambito del processo di più ampia amnistia politica dell'allora Governo Giolitti, furono rilasciati tutti. (it)
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