The Revenue Act of 1861, formally cited as Act of August 5, 1861, Chap. XLV, 12 Stat. 292, included the first U.S. Federal income tax statute (see Sec.49). The Act, motivated by the need to fund the Civil War, imposed an income tax to be "levied, collected, and paid, upon the annual income of every person residing in the United States, whether such income is derived from any kind of property, or from any profession, trade, employment, or vocation carried on in the United States or elsewhere, or from any other source whatever [ . . . .]"The tax imposed was a flat tax, with a rate of 3% on incomes above $800. The Revenue Act of 1861 was signed into law by Abraham Lincoln.
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| - Der Revenue Act of 1861, vollständige Bezeichnung An Act to provide increased Revenues from Imports, to pay Interest on the Public Debt, and for other Purposes, war das erste Bundesgesetz in den Vereinigten Staaten, das die Schaffung einer Einkommensteuer vorsah. Das Gesetz trat am 5. August 1861 mit der Unterschrift von Präsident Abraham Lincoln in Kraft. (de)
- The Revenue Act of 1861, formally cited as Act of August 5, 1861, Chap. XLV, 12 Stat. 292, included the first U.S. Federal income tax statute (see Sec.49). The Act, motivated by the need to fund the Civil War, imposed an income tax to be "levied, collected, and paid, upon the annual income of every person residing in the United States, whether such income is derived from any kind of property, or from any profession, trade, employment, or vocation carried on in the United States or elsewhere, or from any other source whatever [ . . . .]"The tax imposed was a flat tax, with a rate of 3% on incomes above $800. The Revenue Act of 1861 was signed into law by Abraham Lincoln. (en)
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| - Der Revenue Act of 1861, vollständige Bezeichnung An Act to provide increased Revenues from Imports, to pay Interest on the Public Debt, and for other Purposes, war das erste Bundesgesetz in den Vereinigten Staaten, das die Schaffung einer Einkommensteuer vorsah. Das Gesetz trat am 5. August 1861 mit der Unterschrift von Präsident Abraham Lincoln in Kraft. Der Steuertarif sah eine feste Erhebung von 3 % auf alle Jahreseinkommen über 800 US-Dollar vor. Unter Berücksichtigung der Inflation entspräche das im Jahr 2009 einer Grenze von 18.875 US-Dollar. Der Steuersatz erhöhte sich auf 5 % für alle Personen, die ihren ständigen Wohnsitz im Ausland hatten. Ein Jahr nach Inkrafttreten des Gesetzes wurde mit dem eine Steuerprogression eingeführt. (de)
- The Revenue Act of 1861, formally cited as Act of August 5, 1861, Chap. XLV, 12 Stat. 292, included the first U.S. Federal income tax statute (see Sec.49). The Act, motivated by the need to fund the Civil War, imposed an income tax to be "levied, collected, and paid, upon the annual income of every person residing in the United States, whether such income is derived from any kind of property, or from any profession, trade, employment, or vocation carried on in the United States or elsewhere, or from any other source whatever [ . . . .]"The tax imposed was a flat tax, with a rate of 3% on incomes above $800. The Revenue Act of 1861 was signed into law by Abraham Lincoln. The income tax provision (Sections 49, 50 and 51) was repealed by the Revenue Act of 1862. (See Sec.89, which replaced the flat rate with a progressive scale of 3% on annual incomes beyond $600 (which was 3.4 times the 1862 nominal gross domestic product per capita of $177.69; the corresponding income in 2021 is $234K) and 5% on incomes above $10,000 (which is 56 times the 1862 nominal gross domestic product per capita; corresponding to $3.9M of income in 2021) or those living outside the U.S., and perhaps more significantly it was explicitly temporary, specifying termination of income tax in "the year eighteen hundred and sixty-six"). (en)
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