Sir Thomas Barnardiston, 1st Baronet (died 14 October 1669) was an English baronet, landowner, soldier and MP who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1640 and 1659. He fought on the Parliamentary side in the English Civil War. Barnardiston was the son of Sir Nathaniel Barnardiston of Kedington ("Ketton"), Suffolk and his wife Jane, daughter of Sir Stephen Soame, Lord Mayor of London. His brother was Sir Samuel Barnardiston, 1st Bart. of Brightwell, Suffolk. He matriculated from St Catharine's College, Cambridge in Autumn 1633 and was admitted at Gray's Inn on 1 May 1635.