The six forces model is an analysis model used to give a holistic assessment of any given industry and identify the structural underlining drivers of profitability and competition. The model is an extension of the Porter's five forces model proposed by Michael Porter in his 1979 article published in the Harvard Business Review "How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy". The sixth force was proposed in the mid-1990s. The model provides a framework of six key forces that should be considered when defining corporate strategy to determine the overall attractiveness of an industry. The forces are:
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| - Six forces model (en)
- 六力模型 (zh)
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| - 六力模型（英文：six forces model）是一种分析模型，用于对任何特定行业进行整体评估，并确定其在盈利能力和竞争力的驱动下的组织结构。 该模型是迈克尔·波特在其 1979 年发表在《哈佛商业评论》上的文章“竞争力如何塑造战略”中提出的波特五力模型的扩展。第六种力是在 1990 年代中期提出的。 该模型提供了一个由六种关键力量组成的框架，以便在确定企业战略在特定行业的整体吸引力时考虑的因素。 六力分别为：
* 竞争—评估特定市场中的直接竞争对手
* 新进入者——评估潜在的竞争对手以及特定市场的进入壁垒
* 最终用户/买家——评估买家的议价能力，包括考虑转换成本
* 供应商——评估供应商的议价能力
* 替代品——评估替代品的可用性
* 互补产品——评估特定市场内相关产品和服务的影响 尽管有许多因素会在短期内影响盈利能力——天气、商业周期——但其在对特定市场竞争力的评估时，提供了一个预测和影响中长期竞争力和盈利能力的框架。 (zh)
- The six forces model is an analysis model used to give a holistic assessment of any given industry and identify the structural underlining drivers of profitability and competition. The model is an extension of the Porter's five forces model proposed by Michael Porter in his 1979 article published in the Harvard Business Review "How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy". The sixth force was proposed in the mid-1990s. The model provides a framework of six key forces that should be considered when defining corporate strategy to determine the overall attractiveness of an industry. The forces are: (en)
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| - The six forces model is an analysis model used to give a holistic assessment of any given industry and identify the structural underlining drivers of profitability and competition. The model is an extension of the Porter's five forces model proposed by Michael Porter in his 1979 article published in the Harvard Business Review "How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy". The sixth force was proposed in the mid-1990s. The model provides a framework of six key forces that should be considered when defining corporate strategy to determine the overall attractiveness of an industry. The forces are:
* Competition – assessment of the direct competitors in a given market
* New Entrants – assessment in the potential competitors and barriers to entry in a given market
* End Users/ Buyers – assessment regarding the bargaining power of buyers that includes considering the cost of switching
* Suppliers – assessment regarding the bargaining power of suppliers
* Substitutes – assessment regarding the availability of alternatives
* Complementary Products – assessment of the impact of related products and services within a given market Although there are a number of factors that can impact profitability in the short term – weather, the business cycle – an assessment of the competitive forces in a given market provides a framework for anticipating and influencing competitiveness and profitability in the medium and long term. (en)
- 六力模型（英文：six forces model）是一种分析模型，用于对任何特定行业进行整体评估，并确定其在盈利能力和竞争力的驱动下的组织结构。 该模型是迈克尔·波特在其 1979 年发表在《哈佛商业评论》上的文章“竞争力如何塑造战略”中提出的波特五力模型的扩展。第六种力是在 1990 年代中期提出的。 该模型提供了一个由六种关键力量组成的框架，以便在确定企业战略在特定行业的整体吸引力时考虑的因素。 六力分别为：
* 竞争—评估特定市场中的直接竞争对手
* 新进入者——评估潜在的竞争对手以及特定市场的进入壁垒
* 最终用户/买家——评估买家的议价能力，包括考虑转换成本
* 供应商——评估供应商的议价能力
* 替代品——评估替代品的可用性
* 互补产品——评估特定市场内相关产品和服务的影响 尽管有许多因素会在短期内影响盈利能力——天气、商业周期——但其在对特定市场竞争力的评估时，提供了一个预测和影响中长期竞争力和盈利能力的框架。 (zh)
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