Syndromic microphthalmia is a class of rare congenital anomalies characterized by microphthalmia with other non-ocular malformations. Syndromic microphthalmia accounts for 60 to 80% of all cases of microphthalmia. Syndromic microphthalmias are caused by mutations in genes related to embryonic craniofacial development, and they are typically classified by their genetic cause.