Tani Jinzan (谷秦山, April 18, 1663 - July 27, 1718) was the pseudonym for a Japanese Shintoist, astronomer, Confucian scholar and forerunner of the kokugaku movement which would lead to the events of the Bakumatsu period and Meiji restoration in Japanese history. His real name was Tani Shigetō (谷重遠) and he was also known commonly as "Tanzaburō".