"The Speech of Polly Baker" (1747) is the fictional story of a woman put on trial in 1747 for having an illegitimate child. She had been convicted five times in the past for this same crime. Each time, she said, the full blame was placed on her shoulders but not the father's. In later versions, the story ends as she is set free and marries one of the magistrates in charge of her trial.
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| - The Speech of Polly Baker (fr)
- O Discurso de Polly Baker (pt)
- The Speech of Polly Baker (en)
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| - The Speech of Polly Baker (Le Discours de Polly Baker) est un récit américain publié en 1747. C'est l'argumentation d'une mère, amenée à se défendre en justice pour avoir accouché à quatre reprises d'enfants illégitimes ; elle dénonce le fait que la responsabilité des pères soit systématiquement écartée. Polly Baker est en fait un des nombreux pseudonymes empruntés par Benjamin Franklin. Lui-même enfant illégitime, il entendait protester contre cette injustice faite aux mères abandonnées et prendre position sur cette question juridique, religieuse et sociétale. (fr)
- "The Speech of Polly Baker" (1747) is the fictional story of a woman put on trial in 1747 for having an illegitimate child. She had been convicted five times in the past for this same crime. Each time, she said, the full blame was placed on her shoulders but not the father's. In later versions, the story ends as she is set free and marries one of the magistrates in charge of her trial. (en)
- "The Speech of (Miss) Polly Baker" (1747) é uma história fictícia sobre uma mulher julgada em 1747 por ter uma criança ilegítima. Ela havia sido condenada pelo mesmo crime anteriormente por quatro vezes. A personagem declara, em seu discurso, que, em todas as vezes, toda a culpa foi direcionada a ela, mas nunca ao progenitor das crianças. Em versões posteriores, a história termina quando ela é liberada e se casa com um dos magistrados responsáveis pelo julgamento. (pt)
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| - The Speech of Polly Baker (Le Discours de Polly Baker) est un récit américain publié en 1747. C'est l'argumentation d'une mère, amenée à se défendre en justice pour avoir accouché à quatre reprises d'enfants illégitimes ; elle dénonce le fait que la responsabilité des pères soit systématiquement écartée. Polly Baker est en fait un des nombreux pseudonymes empruntés par Benjamin Franklin. Lui-même enfant illégitime, il entendait protester contre cette injustice faite aux mères abandonnées et prendre position sur cette question juridique, religieuse et sociétale. (fr)
- "The Speech of Polly Baker" (1747) is the fictional story of a woman put on trial in 1747 for having an illegitimate child. She had been convicted five times in the past for this same crime. Each time, she said, the full blame was placed on her shoulders but not the father's. In later versions, the story ends as she is set free and marries one of the magistrates in charge of her trial. This story was actually written by Benjamin Franklin as a protest to the unfairness of the early judicial system charging women for having illegitimate children while not charging the fathers, although he did not disclose this until decades later; therefore Polly Baker is one of Franklin's many aliases. Franklin himself had an illegitimate son named William Franklin. See Illegitimacy in fiction. (en)
- "The Speech of (Miss) Polly Baker" (1747) é uma história fictícia sobre uma mulher julgada em 1747 por ter uma criança ilegítima. Ela havia sido condenada pelo mesmo crime anteriormente por quatro vezes. A personagem declara, em seu discurso, que, em todas as vezes, toda a culpa foi direcionada a ela, mas nunca ao progenitor das crianças. Em versões posteriores, a história termina quando ela é liberada e se casa com um dos magistrados responsáveis pelo julgamento. Esta história foi, na verdade, escrita por Benjamin Franklin como um protesto contra a injustiça do primitivo sistema judicial que acusava mulheres por ter filhos ilegítimos enquanto não acusavam os pais, embora ele não tenha divulgado isso até décadas mais tarde. Visto que o próprio Franklin tivera um filho ilegítimo chamado Willliam Franklin, Polly Baker atua como um pseudônimo do autor. (pt)
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