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A thermodynamic operation is an externally imposed manipulation that affects a thermodynamic system. The change can be either in the connection or wall between a thermodynamic system and its surroundings, or in the value of some variable in the surroundings that is in contact with a wall of the system that allows transfer of the extensive quantity belonging that variable. It is assumed in thermodynamics that the operation is conducted in ignorance of any pertinent microscopic information.

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  • Operación termodinámica (es)
  • Thermodynamic operation (en)
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  • Una operación termodinámica es una manipulación impuesta externamente que afecta a un sistema termodinámico. El cambio puede ser en la conexión o en la pared entre un sistema termodinámico y sus alrededores, o en el valor de alguna variable en el entorno que está en contacto con una pared del sistema que permite la transferencia de la gran cantidad que pertenece a esa variable.​​​​ Se supone en la termodinámica que la operación se realiza ignorando cualquier información microscópica pertinente. (es)
  • A thermodynamic operation is an externally imposed manipulation that affects a thermodynamic system. The change can be either in the connection or wall between a thermodynamic system and its surroundings, or in the value of some variable in the surroundings that is in contact with a wall of the system that allows transfer of the extensive quantity belonging that variable. It is assumed in thermodynamics that the operation is conducted in ignorance of any pertinent microscopic information. (en)
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  • Una operación termodinámica es una manipulación impuesta externamente que afecta a un sistema termodinámico. El cambio puede ser en la conexión o en la pared entre un sistema termodinámico y sus alrededores, o en el valor de alguna variable en el entorno que está en contacto con una pared del sistema que permite la transferencia de la gran cantidad que pertenece a esa variable.​​​​ Se supone en la termodinámica que la operación se realiza ignorando cualquier información microscópica pertinente. Una operación termodinámica requiere una contribución de una agencia externa independiente, que no proviene de las propiedades pasivas de los sistemas. Quizás la primera expresión de la distinción entre una operación termodinámica y un proceso termodinámico está en la declaración de Kelvin de la segunda ley de la termodinámica : "Es imposible, mediante una agencia de material inanimado, derivar un efecto mecánico de cualquier parte de la materia enfriándola por debajo de la temperatura de los objetos circundantes ". Una secuencia de eventos que ocurrieron de otra manera que "por medio de una agencia de material inanimado" implicaría una acción de una agencia de animación, o al menos una agencia externa independiente. Tal agencia podría imponer algunas operaciones termodinámicas. Por ejemplo, esas operaciones podrían crear una bomba de calor, que por supuesto cumpliría con la segunda ley. El demonio de Maxwell realiza un tipo de operación termodinámica extremadamente idealizada y naturalmente irrealizable. ​ Edward A. Guggenheim utiliza una expresión de lenguaje ordinario para una operación termodinámica: "manipular" los cuerpos.​ (es)
  • A thermodynamic operation is an externally imposed manipulation that affects a thermodynamic system. The change can be either in the connection or wall between a thermodynamic system and its surroundings, or in the value of some variable in the surroundings that is in contact with a wall of the system that allows transfer of the extensive quantity belonging that variable. It is assumed in thermodynamics that the operation is conducted in ignorance of any pertinent microscopic information. A thermodynamic operation requires a contribution from an independent external agency, that does not come from the passive properties of the systems. Perhaps the first expression of the distinction between a thermodynamic operation and a thermodynamic process is in Kelvin's statement of the second law of thermodynamics: "It is impossible, by means of inanimate material agency, to derive mechanical effect from any portion of matter by cooling it below the temperature of the surrounding objects." A sequence of events that occurred other than "by means of inanimate material agency" would entail an action by an animate agency, or at least an independent external agency. Such an agency could impose some thermodynamic operations. For example, those operations might create a heat pump, which of course would comply with the second law. A Maxwell's demon conducts an extremely idealized and naturally unrealizable kind of thermodynamic operation. Another commonly used term that indicates a thermodynamic operation is 'change of constraint', for example referring to the removal of a wall between two otherwise isolated compartments. An ordinary language expression for a thermodynamic operation is used by Edward A. Guggenheim: "tampering" with the bodies. (en)
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