William Dalrymple (1678 – 30 November 1744) was a Scottish Whig politician who sat in the Parliament of Scotland from 1702 to 1707 and in the British House of Commons between 1707 and 1741. Dalrymple was baptized on 11 October 1678, the fifth but second surviving son of John Dalrymple, 1st Earl of Stair and his wife Elizabeth Dundas daughter of Sir James Dundas of Newliston, Linlithgow. He married his cousin , suo jure Countess of Dumfries daughter of Charles, Lord Crichton on 26 February 1698.