The 1871 New Zealand census was New Zealand's sixth national census. The day used for the census was Monday, 27 February 1871. It was the first census held in New Zealand for which separate reports were produced. The total population of the Colony of New Zealand was counted as 256,393 of whom 150,356 were Males and 106,037 Females - an increase of 37,725 people, 17.25% since the previous 1867 census. Only the European population was counted; no Māori census was held.