Archibald John Primrose, 4th Earl of Rosebery KT PC FRS (14 October 1783 – 4 March 1868), styled Viscount Primrose until 1814, was a British politician. He was the eldest son of Neil Primrose, 3rd Earl of Rosebery and his second wife, Mary Vincent. Primrose was educated at Pembroke College, Cambridge, gaining his MA in 1804. He was Member of Parliament for Helston from 1805 to 1806 and Cashel from 1806 to 1807. He was the grandfather of Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery, who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1894 to 1895.