Sir Bernard Gascoigne (Italian: Bernardo Guasconi), April/May 1614 to 10 January 1687, was an Italian mercenary from Florence in Tuscany, who served with the Royalist army during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. Captured at Colchester in August 1648, he was initially condemned to death but released, since Parliament wished to avoid antagonising a foreign power. After the 1660 Stuart Restoration, he held a number of minor diplomatic roles and died in London on 10 January 1687.