Black Woman with Peonies is a painting by Frédéric Bazille, produced in late spring 1870, a few months before the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War, in which he would die. It has been in the Musée Fabre in Montpellier since 1918. It is an oil on canvas and its dimensions are 60.3 cm (23.7 in) × 75.2 cm (29.6 in). The model who posed for Bazille is unidentified, but is the same model who posed for Thomas Eakins's painting Female Model (1867–1869), in which she wears the same headscarf and earring seen in Young Woman with Peonies.