Boris Borisovich Rohdendorf (Russian: Борис Борисович Родендорф, 12 July 1904 – 21 November 1977) was a Soviet entomologist and curator at the Zoological Museum at the University of Moscow. He attained the position of head of the , Paleontological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Academy of Sciences of the USSR (now Russian Academy of Sciences) in Moscow. A student of Andrey Martynov, he was a prolific taxonomist who described numerous new taxa, including fossil Diptera, and published important syntheses on fossil insects. His work is being extensively revised by the current generation of Russian paleoentomologists.