The Carta Mercatoria, meaning 'the charter of the merchants', was a 1303 charter granted by Edward I to foreign merchants in England. It guaranteed them freedom to trade, protection under the law, and exemption from tolls on bridges, roads and cities. It also guaranteed no increase in the duty rates they paid. The charter was revoked by Edward II, owing to complaints by English merchants. In practice however, foreign merchants retained most of their rights. * v * t * e