A chauffeur (French, "heater upper") was a type of French criminal active from the 18th to the 20th centuries. In gangs, they carried out home invasions on remote rural dwellings, then tortured the householders into revealing the hiding places of savings or valuables. This was often done by burning victims' feet in the fireplace, which gave rise to their name. These attacks continued after the Second World War. Le gang des Romanis was active in Bourgogne and Le Gang d’Albert was active in Picardy until their leaders were separately captured and executed in 1952.