Circassia (/sɜːrˈkæʃə/; also known as Cherkessia in some sources; Adyghe: Адыгэ Хэку, Адыгей, romanized: Adıgə Xəku, Adıgey; Russian: Черкесия; Ottoman Turkish: چرکسستان, romanized: Çerkezistan; Turkish: Çerkesya) was a country and a historical region in the North Caucasus along the northeast shore of the Black Sea. It was conquered and occupied by Russia during the Russian-Circassian War (1763–1864). 90% of the Circassian people were either exiled from the region or massacred in the Circassian genocide.