The Crimean Khanate (Crimean Tatar: Qırım Hanlığı, قریم خانلغى or Qırım Yurtu, قریم يورتى), officially the Great Horde and Desht-i Kipchak (Uluğ Orda ve Deşt-i Qıpçaq, اولوغ اوردا و دشت قپچاق) and in old European historiography and geography known as Little Tartary (Latin: Tartaria Minor), was a Crimean Tatar state existing from 1441 to 1783, the longest-lived of the Turkic khanates that succeeded the empire of the Golden Horde. Established by Hacı I Giray in 1441, it was regarded as the direct heir to the Golden Horde and to Desht-i-Kipchak.