In media studies, mass communication, media psychology, communication theory, and sociology, media influence and the media effect are topics relating to mass media and media culture's effects on individual or an audience's thoughts, attitudes, and behavior. Whether it is written, televised, or spoken, mass media reaches a large audience. Mass media's role and effect in shaping modern culture are central issues for study of culture. At present, mass media is the mainstream trend of media development, information dissemination presents the characteristics of diversification and interaction, and its influence on social life is also constantly expanding.