Ivan Alexandrovich Ilyin or Il'in (Ива́н Алекса́ндрович Ильи́н, 9 April [O.S. 28 March] 1883 – 21 December 1954) was a Russian jurist, religious and political philosopher and constitutional monarchist, who supported the right-wing of the Kadet party. He perceived the February Revolution as a "temporary disorder", and the October Revolution as a catastrophe, and actively joined the struggle against the Bolshevik regime. He became a white émigré journalist, slavophile and an ideologue of the Russian All-Military Union. As an anti-communist, Ilyin initially defended Hitler but in 1934 he was arrested and subsequently banned from making public appearances for refusing to promote anti-Semitic policies. When Ilyin lost his main source of income Sergei Rachmaninov helped him financially to stay i