Juana Rouco Buela (Madrid, 1889 – Buenos Aires, 1969) was a Spanish-Argentine laundress, anarcha-feminist organizer, public speaker, and advocate of women's political militancy. She was committed to the emancipation of women and was a central figure of Argentine anarcho-syndicalism. She was one of the leading Argentine female trade unionists and one of the best public speakers. She also ran a book stand, selling pamphlets and literature pertaining to socialism, anarchism and such other works on political economy and other questions which interested the working people of Buenos Aires.