Nguyễn Thị Ánh Viên (born November 9, 1996 in Cần Thơ) is a national-record holding swimmer from Vietnam. She swam for Vietnam at the 2016 Olympics. At the 2014 Asian Games, she won Vietnam's first-ever medal in Swimming. She has been named Vietnam's Athlete of the Year in both 2013 and 2014. As of the end of 2014, she holds the Vietnam Records in 14 of 17 long course individual events. At the 2012 Olympics, she swam the 200 Backstroke and the 400 Individual Medley. Ánh Viên is a serving military officer with the rank of major.