Pearl Rivers (pen name of Eliza Jane Nicholson; formerly Holbrook; née Poitevent; March 11, 1843 – February 15, 1896) was an American journalist and poet, and the first female editor of a major American newspaper. After having been the literary editor of the New Orleans Times Picayune, became the owner and publisher 1876 when her elderly husband died. In 1880 she took over as managing editor, where she continued until her death in 1896.