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Subject Item
dbr:Afro-Mexicans
rdf:type
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rdfs:label
Afromexicano Афромексиканці Afro-Mexicains Afro-Mexicans Afro-mexicanos Афромексиканцы Afromexicans Afro-Mexicanen
rdfs:comment
El término afromexicano es utilizado para identificar a los mexicanos de ascendencia africana subsahariana. También son llamados afrodescendientes. Existen comunidades afromexicanas asentadas principalmente en la costa sur del océano Pacífico y golfo de México, y en regiones de las grandes cuencas, como la de la depresión del Balsas, la cuenca del Papaloapan y la de Grijalva-Usumacinta, en los estados de Michoacán, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Chiapas, Tabasco y Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave. A partir de 2015, el INEGI decidió censar a los mexicanos de ascendencia africana por una fuerte presión ejercida por activistas e intelectuales,​​ argumentando que los afromexicanos no se identifican con los grupos indígenas ni con los mestizos en torno a la racialización o en torno a particularidades cultura Afro-mexicanos (em castelhano: afromexicanos; negros; afrodescendientes) é um termo usado para identificar os mexicanos de ascendência africana, agora em grande parte assimilados pela população em geral. Afro-mexicanos têm preenchido as zonas costeiras de preferência Guerrero, Oaxaca, Michoacán, Veracruz, Campeche, Quintana Roo e Yucatán. É fácil dizer que no México há um grupo de pessoas que são descendentes de povos que foram trazidos da África ou de outras partes do chamado Velho Mundo, que é complicada a identificação não é possível dizer com certeza quem são e onde eles estão. " Афромексиканці (ісп. afromexicanos) — жителі Мексики африканського походження. Афромексиканцы (исп. afromexicanos) — жители Мексики африканского происхождения. Els afromexicans són els mexicans que tenen ancestres africans. Formen part de la diàspora africana. També es pot dir que són els afroamericans de Mèxic. Avui en dia, els afromexicans estan assimilats, en gran manera, amb la població general, però històricament, s'han localitzat en certes comunitats, a Mèxic. Sobretot es troben a les zones costaneres dels estats de Guerrero, Oaxaca, Michoacán, Veracruz, Campeche, Quintana Roo i Yucatán. Afro-Mexicans (Spanish: afromexicanos), also known as Black Mexicans (Spanish: mexicanos negros), are Mexicans who have heritage from sub-Saharan Africa and identify as such. As a single population, Afro-Mexicans include individuals descended from both free and enslaved Africans who arrived to Mexico during the colonial era, as well as post-independence migrants. The latter include Afro-descended people from neighboring English, French, and Spanish-speaking countries of the Caribbean and Central America, descendants of enslaved Africans who escaped to Mexico from the Deep South during Slavery in the United States, and to a lesser extent recent migrants directly from Africa. Today, there are localized communities in Mexico with significant although not predominant African ancestry. These ar Afro-Mexicanen (Spaans: afromexicanos) zijn inwoners van Mexico van Afrikaanse afkomst. Le terme afro-mexicain (espagnol : afromexicano) est utilisé pour identifier les Mexicains de descendance africaine subsaharienne, aussi appelés Afro-descendants (espagol : afrodescendientes). Il existe de grandes communautés afro-mexicaines établies dans les zones côtières et aux bords des rivières dans les États de Guerrero, Oaxaca, Michoacán et Veracruz. À partir de 2015, l'INEGI a décidé de compter les Mexicains noirs par suite d'une forte pression qu'ont exercée les activistes et intellectuels, en faisant valoir que les Afro-mexicains ne s'identifient pas avec les groupes indigènes ni les métis (espagnol : mestizos) au regard de la race ni dans les particularités culturelles.
foaf:name
Afro-Mexicans (Afromexicanos )
dbp:name
Black Seminole Indians
foaf:depiction
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n14:El_Costeño.jpg?width=300
dbp:langs
dbr:Mexican_Spanish
dbp:group
Afro-Mexicans (Afromexicanos )
dbp:id
bmb18
dbp:imageCaption
El Costeño by Agustín Arrieta, a painting of an Afro-Mexican boy from Veracruz
dbp:popplace
Guerrero, Lázaro Cárdenas, Huetamo, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Greater Mexico City and small settlements in the rest of the country
dbp:population
2576213
dbp:related
African Americans, West Africans, Afro–Latin Americans and other Mexicans
dbp:rels
Christianity , Afro-American religions
dbo:abstract
Афромексиканцы (исп. afromexicanos) — жители Мексики африканского происхождения. Afro-Mexicans (Spanish: afromexicanos), also known as Black Mexicans (Spanish: mexicanos negros), are Mexicans who have heritage from sub-Saharan Africa and identify as such. As a single population, Afro-Mexicans include individuals descended from both free and enslaved Africans who arrived to Mexico during the colonial era, as well as post-independence migrants. The latter include Afro-descended people from neighboring English, French, and Spanish-speaking countries of the Caribbean and Central America, descendants of enslaved Africans who escaped to Mexico from the Deep South during Slavery in the United States, and to a lesser extent recent migrants directly from Africa. Today, there are localized communities in Mexico with significant although not predominant African ancestry. These are mostly concentrated in specific communities, including the populations of the Oaxaca, Huetamo, Lázaro Cárdenas, Guerrero, and Veracruz states. Throughout the century following the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire of 1519, a significant number of African slaves were brought to the Veracruz. According to The Atlantic Slave Trade an estimated 200,000 enslaved Africans were kidnapped and brought to New Spain, which later became modern Mexico. The creation of a national Mexican identity, especially after the Mexican Revolution, emphasized Mexico's indigenous Amerindians and Spanish European heritage, excluding African history and contributions from Mexico's national consciousness. Although Mexico had a significant number of enslaved Africans during the colonial era, much of the African-descended population became absorbed into surrounding Mestizo (mixed European/Amerindian) Mulatto (mixed European/African) and Indigenous populations through unions among the groups. In 1992, the Mexican government officially recognized African culture as being one of the three major influences on the culture of Mexico, the others being Spanish and Indigenous. The genetic legacy of Mexico's once significant number of colonial-era enslaved Africans is evidenced in non-Black Mexicans as trace amounts of sub-Saharan African DNA found in the average Mexican. In the 2015 census, 64.9% (896,829) of Afro-Mexicans also identified as indigenous Amerindian Mexicans. It was also reported that 9.3% of Afro-Mexicans speak an indigenous Mexican language. Afro-Mexican refers specifically to Mexicans who have above-average levels of West African ancestry noticeable in their phenotype. About 1.2% of Mexico's population has significantly large African ancestry, with 1.38 million self-recognized during the 2015 Inter-census Estimate. However, some sources put the official number at around 5% of the total population. While other sources imply that due to the systemic erasure of Black people from Mexican society, and the tendency of Afro Mexican people to identify with other ethnic groups other than Afro Mexicans, the percentage of Afro-Mexicans is most likely actually much higher than what the official number says. In the 21st century, some people who identify as Afro-Mexicans are the children and grandchildren of naturalized Black immigrants from Africa and the Caribbean. The 2015 Inter-census Estimate was the first time in which Afro-Mexicans could identify themselves as such and was a preliminary effort to include the identity before the 2020 census. The question asked on the survey was "Based on your culture, history, and traditions, do you consider yourself Black, meaning Afro-Mexican or Afro-descendant?" and came about following various complaints made by civil rights groups and government officials. Some of their activists, like Benigno Gallardo, do feel their communities lack "recognition and differentiation", by what he calls "mainstream Mexican culture". Le terme afro-mexicain (espagnol : afromexicano) est utilisé pour identifier les Mexicains de descendance africaine subsaharienne, aussi appelés Afro-descendants (espagol : afrodescendientes). Il existe de grandes communautés afro-mexicaines établies dans les zones côtières et aux bords des rivières dans les États de Guerrero, Oaxaca, Michoacán et Veracruz. À partir de 2015, l'INEGI a décidé de compter les Mexicains noirs par suite d'une forte pression qu'ont exercée les activistes et intellectuels, en faisant valoir que les Afro-mexicains ne s'identifient pas avec les groupes indigènes ni les métis (espagnol : mestizos) au regard de la race ni dans les particularités culturelles. La méthodologie utilisée est issue d'une question de l'enquête de recensement de 2015 (EIC 2015) pour identifier la population de afro-descendants à partir de l'auto-reconnaissance. Les migrants originaires ont été forcés de basculer vers la culture dominante en qualité d'esclaves, originaires de la Gambie, du Sénégal, de la Guinée, du Congo, de la Guinée-Équatoriale, de l'Angola et du Mozambique. Au Mexique, les colonies les plus connues d'afro-descendants se situent principalement dans les régions de Río Papaloapan à Papaloapan dans l'État de Oaxaca (Acatlán, Cosolapa, Tuxtepec et Loma Bonita), Acapulco, la Costa Chica de l'État de Guerrero et Oaxaca, dans la région l'État de Veracruz (Yanga, San Juan de la Punta, La Antigua, Rodríguez Clara, Hueyapan de Ocampo, Tierra Blanca et Cosamaloapan), la Costa Grande de Guerrero, la région du Tierra Caliente en Michoacán, en les hauts et istmo-costa du Chiapas, ainsi que dans la commune de Múzquiz dans l'État de Coahuila. Actuellement, le Mexique compte presque 1.4 million d'afro-descendants. Les États avec la plus importamte proportion d'afrodescendants sont : Guerrero (6.5%), Oaxaca (4.9%) et Veracruz (3.3%). L'estimation des spécialistes sur la taille de la population afro-mexicaine dans la Costa Chica est de 15000 à 50000 dans l'État de Guerrero et quelque 35000 dans l'État de Oaxaca. Dans le nord de Oaxaca, la négritude s'est concrétisé en les appelés "jarochos", rendant difficile pour le comptage en vertu des politiques de désintégration identitaire promues par les gouvernements locaux. Ces politiques encourage à que beaucoup d'individus ne s'identifient pas avec leur origine ethnique et culturelle lointain et non plus avec leur origine immédiate. Афромексиканці (ісп. afromexicanos) — жителі Мексики африканського походження. Afro-mexicanos (em castelhano: afromexicanos; negros; afrodescendientes) é um termo usado para identificar os mexicanos de ascendência africana, agora em grande parte assimilados pela população em geral. Afro-mexicanos têm preenchido as zonas costeiras de preferência Guerrero, Oaxaca, Michoacán, Veracruz, Campeche, Quintana Roo e Yucatán. No México, as pessoas de ascendência africana assentamentos conhecidos estão localizados principalmente nas regiões da Costa Chica de Guerrero e Oaxaca, no estado central do Golfo de Veracruz, a Costa Grande de Oaxaca, na região de Tierra Caliente em Michoacan, em Los Altos e o istmo, a Costa de Chiapas, no estado de Quintana Roo, e na cidade de Muzquiz no estado de Coahuila. É fácil dizer que no México há um grupo de pessoas que são descendentes de povos que foram trazidos da África ou de outras partes do chamado Velho Mundo, que é complicada a identificação não é possível dizer com certeza quem são e onde eles estão. " Os especialistas estimam o tamanho da população afro-mexicano na Chica Costa é de 15.000 a 50.000 no Estado de Guerrero e cerca de 35.000 no estado de Oaxaca. Para aqueles que compõem a população negra, eles são todos iguais local que as relações dentro de uma rede de pessoas negras que vai além das fronteiras locais e estaduais. El término afromexicano es utilizado para identificar a los mexicanos de ascendencia africana subsahariana. También son llamados afrodescendientes. Existen comunidades afromexicanas asentadas principalmente en la costa sur del océano Pacífico y golfo de México, y en regiones de las grandes cuencas, como la de la depresión del Balsas, la cuenca del Papaloapan y la de Grijalva-Usumacinta, en los estados de Michoacán, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Chiapas, Tabasco y Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave. A partir de 2015, el INEGI decidió censar a los mexicanos de ascendencia africana por una fuerte presión ejercida por activistas e intelectuales,​​ argumentando que los afromexicanos no se identifican con los grupos indígenas ni con los mestizos en torno a la racialización o en torno a particularidades culturales. La metodología que se utilizó fue incluir una pregunta en la Encuesta Intercensal 2015 (EIC 2015) para identificar a la población de afrodescendientes a partir del autorreconocimiento. Los pobladores originarios migraron de manera forzada, en calidad de esclavos, procedentes de Gambia, Senegal, Guinea, Congo, Guinea Ecuatorial, Angola y Mozambique. En México, los asentamientos más conocidos de afrodescendientes se ubican principalmente en regiones del río Papaloapan oaxaqueño , la Costa Chica de Guerrero y de Oaxaca (Acapulco, Ometepec, Cuajinicuilapa, Santiago Pinotepa Nacional, Santiago Jamiltepec, Villa de Tututepec de Melchor Ocampo), en la región Centro-Golfo del estado de Veracruz (Yanga, , La Antigua, , Hueyapan de Ocampo, Tierra Blanca y Cosamaloapan), la Costa Grande de Guerrero (Zihuatanejo de Azueta, Petatlán, Coyuca, Tecpan de Galeana, La Unión), la región de Tierra Caliente y costa de Michoacán (Huetamo, Nocupétaro, Coahuayana), y en regiones de la Depresión Central, Altos e Istmo-Costa de Chiapas (Cintalapa, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Tonalá); así como en el municipio de Múzquiz, Coahuila, en el norte de México.​ En el año 2020 había más de 2.5 millones de afrodescendientes en México. De acuerdo con el total de su población, los estados con mayor proporción de afrodescendientes son: Guerrero (8.6 %), Oaxaca (4.7 %), Baja California Sur (3.3 %), Yucatán (3 %), Quintana Roo (2.8 %), Veracruz (2.7 %).​ La estimación de los especialistas sobre el tamaño de la población afromexicana en la Costa Chica es de 15 000 a 50 000 en el estado de Guerrero y unos 35 000 en el estado de Oaxaca.​ En el norte de Oaxaca, se ha concretado en los llamados "jarochos", lo que también implica una dificultad para su conteo en virtud de las políticas de desintegración identitaria fomentadas por los propios gobiernos. Estas políticas orillan a que muchos individuos no se identifiquen con su origen étnico y cultural remoto e inclusive tampoco con su origen inmediato.Así mismo se incluye en todas las razas. Els afromexicans són els mexicans que tenen ancestres africans. Formen part de la diàspora africana. També es pot dir que són els afroamericans de Mèxic. Avui en dia, els afromexicans estan assimilats, en gran manera, amb la població general, però històricament, s'han localitzat en certes comunitats, a Mèxic. Sobretot es troben a les zones costaneres dels estats de Guerrero, Oaxaca, Michoacán, Veracruz, Campeche, Quintana Roo i Yucatán. Afro-Mexicanen (Spaans: afromexicanos) zijn inwoners van Mexico van Afrikaanse afkomst.
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