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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:Confidence_and_supply
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دعم وتأييد 신임 공급 閣外協力 Confidence and supply Confidence and supply Gedoogsteun Soutien sans participation Stödparti 信任供给 Appoggio esterno
rdfs:comment
Le soutien sans participation est une pratique politique par laquelle, dans un régime parlementaire, un parti politique représenté au Parlement accorde la confiance au gouvernement sans en faire partie. Il peut permettre à un gouvernement minoritaire de se constituer et de se maintenir au pouvoir. In politica, l'appoggio esterno è quell'accordo offerto da uno o più partiti, coalizioni o individui indipendenti, all'interno di una democrazia parlamentare, secondo cui tali soggetti si impegnano a sostenere il governo nei provvedimenti fondamentali come mozioni di fiducia e approvazione delle leggi di bilancio, votandone a favore (nel caso dell'appoggio esterno "attivo"), o astenendosi (nel caso dell'appoggio esterno "passivo"). Allo stesso tempo, tuttavia, questi partiti, coalizioni o individui si riservano normalmente il diritto di votare in altro modo, secondo la proprie opinioni politiche o la propria coscienza, in merito ai singoli progetti di legge. Stödparti kallas ett parti, som utan att ingå i regeringen i regel kan förmodas stödja regeringen vid omröstningar i riksdagen (parlamentet). Eftersom stödpartiet inte ingår i regeringen, är det formellt sett egentligen en del av oppositionen. En minoritetsregering kan ibland stödja sig på olika oppositionspartier i olika frågor. Den har då inget stödparti utan förlitar sig på en så kallad hoppande majoritet. Gedoogsteun is, in de politiek, steun die een oppositiepartij geeft aan een minderheidskabinet ofwel rompkabinet. Een rompkabinet kan in tegenstelling tot een demissionair kabinet wel beleid maken, maar is daarvoor altijd afhankelijk van gedoogsteun, bijv. uit de Tweede Kamer in Nederland. In a parliamentary democracy based on the Westminster system, confidence and supply are required for a ruling cabinet to retain power in the lower house. A confidence-and-supply agreement is one whereby a party or independent members of parliament will support the government in motions of confidence and appropriation or budget (supply) votes, by either voting in favour or abstaining. However, parties and independent members normally retain the right to otherwise vote in favour of their own policies or on conscience on legislative bills. 웨스트민스터 정치체제에 기반을 둔 의회 민주주의에서, 정부는 정권을 유지하기 위해 의회 내 다수의 신임을 얻어야 하며, 이를 위해 여당 이외의 당으로부터도 신임 공급(信任 供給, Confidence and supply)을 필요로 하는 경우가 있다. 신임 공급 협약(confidence and supply agreement)은 그러한 신임 공급을 얻기 위해 원내 정당이나 무소속 의원들과 함께 신임 결의안과 을 찬성표 혹은 기권표를 던져 정부를 지지하기로 협의하는 것을 말한다. 물론 정부 여당과 비슷한 성향을 가진, 또는 의견을 같이 하는 정당이나 의원들이 신임 공급에 참여하며, 이를 통해 의회 내에서 사실상의 느슨한 연정이 성립하게 된다. 다만 실제 연정(coalition government)이라고 하면 연정 내에 있는 여당을 비롯한 여러 당들에서 골고루 내각 구성원을 뽑을 정도로 강력한 연합만을 가리키는 경우가 많으므로, 보통 두 용어는 별개로 구분된다. 신임 보완이라고도 한다. في نظم الديمقراطية البرلمانية تكون الثقة والموارد ضرورية لتتمتع الحكومة بالسلطة. كما أن اتفاق الثقة والموارد هو اتفاق ينص على دعم حزب الأقلية أو عضو مستقل بالبرلمان للحكومة في مقترحات الثقة ووأصوات الاعتماد (الموارد) عن طريق التصويت لصالح الحكومة أو الامتناع عن التصويت. 信任供給（英語：Confidence and supply）在一个西敏制下的议会民主国家，少數派政府需要通过信任供给来在下議院行使执政權力。 一个信任供给协议是议会内的一个政党或独立议员在信任动议和拨款或预算法案时投支持票或弃权，以表达对执政党的支持。但是，他们仍然有权利在与自身相关的政策投票支持或依为法案进行投票。 一个聯合政府是一种比信任供给协议来的更正式的安排，因为小党（即最大党外的政党）的成员可以在在内阁中占有一席之地，更可能获得部长职位和政府通过立法案时担任黨鞭。 閣外協力（かくがいきょうりょく）とは、内閣にを出さずに、政策協定を締結し与党として連立政権（連立内閣）に参加すること。 Als confidence and supply (wörtlich übersetzt: Vertrauen und Versorgung) wird in Westminster-Systemen eine Form der Regierung bezeichnet, bei welcher Oppositionsabgeordnete (ganz gleich ob Angehörige einer Partei oder Unabhängige) eine Regierung bei Vertrauens- und Haushaltsabstimmungen – meist im Rahmen eines formalen Abkommens – unterstützen.Regierungen, die auf Unterstützung nach confidence and supply angewiesen sind, sind fast immer Minderheitsregierungen und das Ergebnis sogenannter Hung parliaments bei den vorangegangenen Wahlen.
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dbo:abstract
In a parliamentary democracy based on the Westminster system, confidence and supply are required for a ruling cabinet to retain power in the lower house. A confidence-and-supply agreement is one whereby a party or independent members of parliament will support the government in motions of confidence and appropriation or budget (supply) votes, by either voting in favour or abstaining. However, parties and independent members normally retain the right to otherwise vote in favour of their own policies or on conscience on legislative bills. A coalition government is a more formal arrangement than a confidence-and-supply agreement, in that members from junior parties (i.e., parties other than the largest) gain positions in the cabinet and ministerial roles, and may be expected to hold the government whip on passing legislation. Stödparti kallas ett parti, som utan att ingå i regeringen i regel kan förmodas stödja regeringen vid omröstningar i riksdagen (parlamentet). Eftersom stödpartiet inte ingår i regeringen, är det formellt sett egentligen en del av oppositionen. Förekomsten av ett eller flera stödpartier kan i ett parlamentariskt system vara en nödvändighet för att en regering skall kunna sitta kvar vid makten, om regeringen är en minoritetsregering. Samarbetet mellan regering och stödparti kan vara formaliserat i olika grad. Ibland finns regelrätta samarbetsavtal, medan det i en annan situation kan förhålla sig så att stödpartiet självt väljer att stödja regeringen för att stödpartiet i den befintliga parlamentariska situationen inte ser något bättre regeringsalternativ. En minoritetsregering kan ibland stödja sig på olika oppositionspartier i olika frågor. Den har då inget stödparti utan förlitar sig på en så kallad hoppande majoritet. Le soutien sans participation est une pratique politique par laquelle, dans un régime parlementaire, un parti politique représenté au Parlement accorde la confiance au gouvernement sans en faire partie. Il peut permettre à un gouvernement minoritaire de se constituer et de se maintenir au pouvoir. In politica, l'appoggio esterno è quell'accordo offerto da uno o più partiti, coalizioni o individui indipendenti, all'interno di una democrazia parlamentare, secondo cui tali soggetti si impegnano a sostenere il governo nei provvedimenti fondamentali come mozioni di fiducia e approvazione delle leggi di bilancio, votandone a favore (nel caso dell'appoggio esterno "attivo"), o astenendosi (nel caso dell'appoggio esterno "passivo"). Allo stesso tempo, tuttavia, questi partiti, coalizioni o individui si riservano normalmente il diritto di votare in altro modo, secondo la proprie opinioni politiche o la propria coscienza, in merito ai singoli progetti di legge. Nei paesi anglosassoni l'appoggio esterno viene chiamato confidence and supply, con riferimento appunto ai voti sulla fiducia (confidence) e sull'approvazione del bilancio (supply bill). Nel caso di un governo di coalizione, tuttavia, l'accordo è spesso stipulato ed è più formale di un semplice appoggio esterno, in quanto i membri dei partiti minori (cioè i partiti diversi dai più grandi) ottengono posizioni nel gabinetto e nei ruoli ministeriali e ci si può aspettare che detengano la frusta del governo sull'approvazione della legislazione. Accordi di appoggio esterno possono accadere sia nei governi che possiedono una maggioranza assoluta in parlamento che in governi di minoranza (o di maggioranza relativa), ma in genere sono più comuni in questi ultimi due esempi. Als confidence and supply (wörtlich übersetzt: Vertrauen und Versorgung) wird in Westminster-Systemen eine Form der Regierung bezeichnet, bei welcher Oppositionsabgeordnete (ganz gleich ob Angehörige einer Partei oder Unabhängige) eine Regierung bei Vertrauens- und Haushaltsabstimmungen – meist im Rahmen eines formalen Abkommens – unterstützen.Regierungen, die auf Unterstützung nach confidence and supply angewiesen sind, sind fast immer Minderheitsregierungen und das Ergebnis sogenannter Hung parliaments bei den vorangegangenen Wahlen. 閣外協力（かくがいきょうりょく）とは、内閣にを出さずに、政策協定を締結し与党として連立政権（連立内閣）に参加すること。 信任供給（英語：Confidence and supply）在一个西敏制下的议会民主国家，少數派政府需要通过信任供给来在下議院行使执政權力。 一个信任供给协议是议会内的一个政党或独立议员在信任动议和拨款或预算法案时投支持票或弃权，以表达对执政党的支持。但是，他们仍然有权利在与自身相关的政策投票支持或依为法案进行投票。 一个聯合政府是一种比信任供给协议来的更正式的安排，因为小党（即最大党外的政党）的成员可以在在内阁中占有一席之地，更可能获得部长职位和政府通过立法案时担任黨鞭。 في نظم الديمقراطية البرلمانية تكون الثقة والموارد ضرورية لتتمتع الحكومة بالسلطة. كما أن اتفاق الثقة والموارد هو اتفاق ينص على دعم حزب الأقلية أو عضو مستقل بالبرلمان للحكومة في مقترحات الثقة ووأصوات الاعتماد (الموارد) عن طريق التصويت لصالح الحكومة أو الامتناع عن التصويت. Gedoogsteun is, in de politiek, steun die een oppositiepartij geeft aan een minderheidskabinet ofwel rompkabinet. Een rompkabinet kan in tegenstelling tot een demissionair kabinet wel beleid maken, maar is daarvoor altijd afhankelijk van gedoogsteun, bijv. uit de Tweede Kamer in Nederland. 웨스트민스터 정치체제에 기반을 둔 의회 민주주의에서, 정부는 정권을 유지하기 위해 의회 내 다수의 신임을 얻어야 하며, 이를 위해 여당 이외의 당으로부터도 신임 공급(信任 供給, Confidence and supply)을 필요로 하는 경우가 있다. 신임 공급 협약(confidence and supply agreement)은 그러한 신임 공급을 얻기 위해 원내 정당이나 무소속 의원들과 함께 신임 결의안과 을 찬성표 혹은 기권표를 던져 정부를 지지하기로 협의하는 것을 말한다. 물론 정부 여당과 비슷한 성향을 가진, 또는 의견을 같이 하는 정당이나 의원들이 신임 공급에 참여하며, 이를 통해 의회 내에서 사실상의 느슨한 연정이 성립하게 된다. 다만 실제 연정(coalition government)이라고 하면 연정 내에 있는 여당을 비롯한 여러 당들에서 골고루 내각 구성원을 뽑을 정도로 강력한 연합만을 가리키는 경우가 많으므로, 보통 두 용어는 별개로 구분된다. 신임 보완이라고도 한다.
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