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Subject Item
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David MacLennan (Biochemiker) 戴维·麦克伦南 David MacLennan David MacLennan
rdfs:comment
戴维·麦克伦南（英語：David MacLennan，1937年7月3日－2020年6月24日），加拿大生化学家、遗传学家，其主要工作是关于调节钙离子流通过肌浆网的蛋白质，这种调节能够控制肌肉的收缩和舒张，他在肌肉中的钙调节蛋白引发遗传缺陷疾病这方面有重要发现。1991年获盖尔德纳国际奖，1994年被选为皇家学会院士。 David Herman MacLennan OC OOnt FRS FRSC (July 3, 1937 - June 24, 2020) was a Canadian biochemist and geneticist known for his basic work on proteins that regulate calcium flux through the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), thereby regulating muscle contraction and relaxation, and for his discoveries in the field of muscle diseases caused by genetic defects in calcium regulatory proteins. David Herman MacLennan OC Oont SRF FRSC (3 juillet 1937 - 24 juin 2020) est un biochimiste et généticien canadien connu pour ses travaux fondamentaux sur les protéines qui régulent le flux de calcium à travers le réticulum sarcoplasmique (SR), régulant ainsi la contraction et la relaxation musculaires, et pour ses découvertes dans le domaine des maladies musculaires causées par des anomalies génétiques des protéines régulatrices du calcium . David Herman MacLennan (* 3. Juli 1937 in Swan River, Manitoba; † 23. Juni 2020) war ein kanadischer Biochemiker und Molekularbiologe, der sich mit Membrantransport und Molekularbiologie von Membranproteinen befasste. 1972 bis 1976 war er Herausgeber des Canadian Journal of Biochemistry.
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David MacLennan
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Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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2020-06-24
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Swan River, Manitoba, Canada
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1937-07-03
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Compartmentation of organic acids in plant tissues
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1963
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1937-07-03
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2012-02-07 2008-07-27
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dbo:abstract
David Herman MacLennan OC OOnt FRS FRSC (July 3, 1937 - June 24, 2020) was a Canadian biochemist and geneticist known for his basic work on proteins that regulate calcium flux through the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), thereby regulating muscle contraction and relaxation, and for his discoveries in the field of muscle diseases caused by genetic defects in calcium regulatory proteins. Born in Swan River, Manitoba, to Douglas MacLennan and Sigriður Sigurðardóttir, he received a BSA from the University of Manitoba in 1959 and a DSc (hc) in 2001. He received MS (1961) and PhD (1963) degrees from Purdue University under Harry Beevers, and was then a postdoctoral fellow (1963–1964) under David E. Green and an assistant professor (1964–1968) at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. In 1969, he was appointed associate professor in the Banting and Best Department of Medical Research and, later, professor (1974), chair (1978–1990), J. W. Billes Professor of Medical Research (1987–2007) and university professor (1993–2015). MacLennan made fundamental contributions to our understanding of the mechanism of ion transport by SR calcium pumps, the storage of calcium in the SR by acidic lumenal proteins and the release of calcium from the SR by calcium release channels. He led teams that defined the genetic basis for the human skeletal muscle diseases, malignant hyperthermia, central core disease and Brody disease and was part of the team that demonstrated that mutations in phospholamban, a regulator of the calcium pump, can cause cardiomyopathy. His identification of a calcium release channel mutation that causes porcine stress syndrome resulted in a diagnostic test that has decreased the incidence of the disease dramatically, with substantial economic benefits to the swine industry. David Herman MacLennan (* 3. Juli 1937 in Swan River, Manitoba; † 23. Juni 2020) war ein kanadischer Biochemiker und Molekularbiologe, der sich mit Membrantransport und Molekularbiologie von Membranproteinen befasste. MacLennan machte 1959 seinen Bachelor-Abschluss in Agrarwissenschaften an der University of Manitoba. 1961 machte er seinen Master-Abschluss in Pflanzenpathologie an der Purdue University, an der er 1963 in Biologie promoviert wurde. Danach war er zunächst als Post-Doktorand und ab 1964 als Assistant Professor an der University of Wisconsin im Institut für Enzymforschung. 1969 wurde er Associate Professor und 1974 Professor im Banting and Best Department of Medical Research der University of Toronto, dem er 1978 bis 1990 vorstand. Seit 1987 ist er dort J. W. Billes Professor of Medical Research und seit 1993 University Professor. Er war bekannt für fundamentale Arbeiten über die Regulation des Kalziumtransports über das Sarkoplasmatische Retikulum (SR) der Muskelzellen, den Mechanismus der Kalziumpumpen in der Membran der SR, der Speicherung von Kalzium im SR und der Freisetzung von Kalzium über spezielle Membrankanäle. Die ATP-abhängige Kalziumpumpe des SR untersucht er seit 1969, nachdem er zunächst über Elektronentransport und Protonenpumpen in den Mitochondrien geforscht hatte. Wie bei den Mitochondrien war auch bei der Kalziumpumpe im SR eine ATP-ase beteiligt, die aber im Gegensatz zu den Mitochondrien auch den Ionentransport übernimmt, wie MacLennon 1969 nachwies. Er untersuchte Mutationen und abnormen Varianten in den beteiligten Proteinen und die dadurch verursachten Krankheiten. Beispielsweise wies er nach, dass Mutationen in Phospholamban, das die Arbeit der Kalziumpumpen reguliert, zu Kardiomyopathie führen kann und er entdeckte die Rolle einer Mutation der Kanäle zur Kalziumfreisetzung als Ursache von Stresssyndrom bei Schweinen, worauf ein entsprechender diagnostischer Test entwickelt werden konnte, was das Auftreten des Syndroms stark reduzierte. Er fand mit seinen Mitarbeitern die Ursachen für Maligne Hyperthermie, der Central-Core-Myopathie und des , bei dem aufgrund eines defekten Enzyms die Kalziumaufnahme im SR nach einer Kontraktion vermindert wird, was die Relaxation von Muskeln nach körperlicher Anstrengung verhindert und zu Krämpfen führt. 1972 bis 1976 war er Herausgeber des Canadian Journal of Biochemistry. 戴维·麦克伦南（英語：David MacLennan，1937年7月3日－2020年6月24日），加拿大生化学家、遗传学家，其主要工作是关于调节钙离子流通过肌浆网的蛋白质，这种调节能够控制肌肉的收缩和舒张，他在肌肉中的钙调节蛋白引发遗传缺陷疾病这方面有重要发现。1991年获盖尔德纳国际奖，1994年被选为皇家学会院士。 David Herman MacLennan OC Oont SRF FRSC (3 juillet 1937 - 24 juin 2020) est un biochimiste et généticien canadien connu pour ses travaux fondamentaux sur les protéines qui régulent le flux de calcium à travers le réticulum sarcoplasmique (SR), régulant ainsi la contraction et la relaxation musculaires, et pour ses découvertes dans le domaine des maladies musculaires causées par des anomalies génétiques des protéines régulatrices du calcium .
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