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Harold Masursky 哈羅德·馬瑟斯基 Harold Masursky Harold Masursky ハロルド・マサースキー Harold Masursky
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ハロルド・マサースキー（Harold Masursky、1922年12月23日 – 1990年8月24日）はアメリカ合衆国の地質学者、天文学者。 アメリカ地質調査所で働いた後、アメリカ航空宇宙局の上級科学職（senior science member）として加わった。惑星や月の表面の調査を統括し、アポロ計画やバイキング計画で地質学的に価値のある着陸地点を探すことなどを行った。 月のクレータや小惑星(2685) マサースキーは彼に因んで命名された。アメリカ天文学会の惑星科学部門は1991年から惑星科学に貢献した技術者などを顕彰するマサースキー賞を設けた。 Harold Masursky (* 23. Dezember 1922 in Fort Wayne, Indiana; † 24. August 1990) war ein US-amerikanischer Geologe und Astronom. Masursky studierte an der Yale-Universität und arbeitete anschließend elf Jahre beim US Geological Survey. Er wechselte dann zur NASA und beschäftigte sich mit der Oberfläche des Erdmondes und der Planeten, wobei er verantwortlich für die Auswahl von geeigneten Landeplätzen für Landekapseln und unbemannten Raumsonden war. Während des Apollo-Programms war er Mitglied der Arbeitsgruppe, welche die Mondlandungen begleitete und anschließend die gewonnenen Daten auswertete. 1971 leitete er die Arbeitsgruppe zur Beobachtung des Planeten Mars mittels der Raumsonde Mariner 9. Vier Jahre danach suchte er die Landeplätze der beiden Viking-Sonden aus. Später nahm er an der E Harold Masursky (23 décembre 1922–24 août 1990) est un géologue et astronome américain. Il a commencé sa carrière à l'Institut d'études géologiques des États-Unis, puis a intégré la NASA. Il y était responsable de la recherche sur les surfaces de la Lune et de plusieurs planètes, dans la perspective de trouver des lieux d'atterrissage. Cela concernait les missions Apollo et Viking. Le cratère d'impact (en) sur la planète Mars et l'astéroïde (2685) Masursky ont été nommés en son honneur. Le prix Harold-Masursky et la (en) portent aussi son nom. Harold (Hal) Masursky /məˈzɜːrski/ (December 23, 1922* – August 24, 1990) was an American astrogeologist. After leaving Yale University without defending his dissertation, he started his career in the early 1950s as a field geologist in Wyoming and Colorado working for the United States Geological Survey (USGS). In the early 1960s, he moved to the Astrogeology division of the USGS and began working at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. In the mid 1960s, he moved to Flagstaff, Arizona as a founding planetary geologist at the newly-constructed USGS Astrogeology Science Center. Throughout his professional career with the USGS, his work contributed to the mission of NASA in the areas of economic, structural, and planetary geology. Harold Masursky (23 de dezembro de 1922 — 24 de agosto de 1990) foi um geólogo e astrônomo estadunidense. 哈羅德·馬瑟斯基（Harold Masursky，1922年12月23日－1990年8月24日），美國行星地質學家、天文學家。
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Harold Masursky (23 de dezembro de 1922 — 24 de agosto de 1990) foi um geólogo e astrônomo estadunidense. Harold Masursky (* 23. Dezember 1922 in Fort Wayne, Indiana; † 24. August 1990) war ein US-amerikanischer Geologe und Astronom. Masursky studierte an der Yale-Universität und arbeitete anschließend elf Jahre beim US Geological Survey. Er wechselte dann zur NASA und beschäftigte sich mit der Oberfläche des Erdmondes und der Planeten, wobei er verantwortlich für die Auswahl von geeigneten Landeplätzen für Landekapseln und unbemannten Raumsonden war. Während des Apollo-Programms war er Mitglied der Arbeitsgruppe, welche die Mondlandungen begleitete und anschließend die gewonnenen Daten auswertete. 1971 leitete er die Arbeitsgruppe zur Beobachtung des Planeten Mars mittels der Raumsonde Mariner 9. Vier Jahre danach suchte er die Landeplätze der beiden Viking-Sonden aus. Später nahm er an der Erforschung der Oberfläche der Venus mittels Radar-Sonden teil. Zu seinem Gedenken wurde ein Impaktkrater auf dem Mars und der Asteroid (2685) Masursky benannt. ハロルド・マサースキー（Harold Masursky、1922年12月23日 – 1990年8月24日）はアメリカ合衆国の地質学者、天文学者。 アメリカ地質調査所で働いた後、アメリカ航空宇宙局の上級科学職（senior science member）として加わった。惑星や月の表面の調査を統括し、アポロ計画やバイキング計画で地質学的に価値のある着陸地点を探すことなどを行った。 月のクレータや小惑星(2685) マサースキーは彼に因んで命名された。アメリカ天文学会の惑星科学部門は1991年から惑星科学に貢献した技術者などを顕彰するマサースキー賞を設けた。 Harold Masursky (23 décembre 1922–24 août 1990) est un géologue et astronome américain. Il a commencé sa carrière à l'Institut d'études géologiques des États-Unis, puis a intégré la NASA. Il y était responsable de la recherche sur les surfaces de la Lune et de plusieurs planètes, dans la perspective de trouver des lieux d'atterrissage. Cela concernait les missions Apollo et Viking. Le cratère d'impact (en) sur la planète Mars et l'astéroïde (2685) Masursky ont été nommés en son honneur. Le prix Harold-Masursky et la (en) portent aussi son nom. 哈羅德·馬瑟斯基（Harold Masursky，1922年12月23日－1990年8月24日），美國行星地質學家、天文學家。 Harold (Hal) Masursky /məˈzɜːrski/ (December 23, 1922* – August 24, 1990) was an American astrogeologist. After leaving Yale University without defending his dissertation, he started his career in the early 1950s as a field geologist in Wyoming and Colorado working for the United States Geological Survey (USGS). In the early 1960s, he moved to the Astrogeology division of the USGS and began working at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. In the mid 1960s, he moved to Flagstaff, Arizona as a founding planetary geologist at the newly-constructed USGS Astrogeology Science Center. Throughout his professional career with the USGS, his work contributed to the mission of NASA in the areas of economic, structural, and planetary geology. He was responsible for the investigation of planetary and lunar surfaces, especially in finding scientifically valuable landing places. This included for the Apollo program, where, in the 1960s, he played a major role in choosing landing sites and assisted in training astronauts in the basics of geology so they would know what to look for on the surface of the moon. In the 1970s, he headed the team that mapped the surface of Mars and was once again involved in choosing landing sites, this time for the Mars Viking missions. In the 1980s, he worked with the Voyager program to explore the surfaces of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Masursky was a strong advocate for the exploration of Venus and he was a key member of Pioneer Venus Orbiter team. He worked on numerous other space missions and programs, including, for moon exploration, Ranger, Surveyor, the Lunar Orbiter, and the mapping of Mars by Mariner 9, as well as contributing to the missions of the Galileo and Magellan spacecraft. He was often interviewed on television as his enthusiasm for the planetary discoveries of the space missions was both edifying and infectious An especially key role was his work as the president of the Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature of the International Astronomical Union (IAU). He created a small stir in 1986, when he was required to reject a popular suggestion that new moons of Uranus, discovered earlier that year, be named for the 7 astronauts lost in the Space Shuttle Challenger explosion - the IAU has strict guidlines that prohibit major bodies being named in honor of persons from a particular country. In 1985, Masursky was the recipient of the Distinguished Service Award, which is the highest honorary recognition an employee can receive within the Department of the Interior. Quoting from the award, the 1985 USGS Yearbook states: “Harold Masursky, Geologist, for his imaginative leadership in the field of astrogeology which has influenced almost every facet of lunar and planetary exploration since the beginning of the nation's space program.” The Masursky crater on Mars was chosen because it is effluvial, meaning "flow" (it looks like water ran through it), to honor his fervent belief that Mars once had flowing water on the surface. In 1981, the asteroid 2685 Masursky was discovered and named in his honor. The Masursky Award for Meritorius Service to Planetary Science, first awarded to Carl Sagan in 1991, and the , originating in 1992 and given during the annual Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (LPSC), are named for him as well. *Note there is some confusion about the year of Harold Masursky's birth; in some places it is reported as 1922 and in some places is reported as 1923.
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