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Statements

Subject Item

dbr:Himachal_Pradesh

rdf:type

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rdfs:label

Himachal Pradesh Himaĉal-Pradeŝo 喜马偕尔邦 Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh Himáčalpradéš 히마찰프라데시주 ヒマーチャル・プラデーシュ州 هيماجل برديش Himachal Pradesh Χιμάτσαλ Πραντές Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradexe Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh Химачал-Прадеш Гімачал-Прадеш

rdfs:comment

Himachal Pradesh ( (?·i) hindi: हिमाचल प्रदेश «Tierra de las nieves») es un estado de la República de la India. Su capital oficial es Shimla y Dharamsala como capital de invierno. Está ubicado al norte del país, limitando al norte con Jammu y Cachemira, al noreste con China, al este con Uttarakhand, y al sur con Haryana y Punyab. Con 6 864 602 habitantes en 2011 es el noveno estado menos poblado —por delante de Tripura, Megalaya, Manipur, Nagaland, Goa, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram y Sikkim, el menos poblado— y con 123 hab/km² es el séptimo menos densamente poblado —por delante de Manipur, Nagaland, Sikkim, Jammu y Cachemira, Mizoram y Arunachal Pradesh, el menos densamente poblado—. Himachal Pradesh és un estat de la Unió Índia, format pels antics estats muntanyencs de Punjab. Limita amb el Tibet a l'est, Jammu i Caixmir al nord i nord-oest, Punjab al sud-oest, Haryana i Uttar Pradesh al sud i Uttaranchal al sud-est. La capital n'és Simla. Situat a l'Himàlaia occidental, és una regió molt muntanyosa. Les valls, regades pels afluents de l'Indus (Chenāb, Satluj i Beās), són fèrtils, i s'hi concentra la població. El 88,9% de la població parla hindi, però el territori és reivindicat pels nacionalistes radicals sikhs com a part del Khalistan. Destaquen els conreus de blat, canya de sucre, lli, tabac i arròs, i la ramaderia d'ovelles i de cabres. Hi ha explotació forestal i jaciments de sal gemma. La indústria és de tipus artesanal: fusta i teixits de llana. 喜马偕尔邦（印地语：हिमाचल प्रदेश，拉丁字母转写：Himachal Pradesh，意为“雪山地区”）是印度北部的一个邦，毗连中国西藏自治区。该邦官方语言为印地语和附加官方语言帕哈尔语。全境属于喜马拉雅山区，气候温和，但冬季寒冷。首府西姆拉曾是英属印度的夏都。经济以农业和旅游业为主，盛产水果。 Himachal Pradesh (Hindi: हिमाचल प्रदेश Himācal Pradeś [hɪˈmɑːʧʌl prʌˈdeːʃ]) ist ein indischer Bundesstaat mit einer Fläche von 55.673 Quadratkilometern und einer Bevölkerung von etwa 6,9 Millionen Einwohnern (Volkszählung 2011). Hauptstadt ist Shimla. Le Himachal Pradesh (en hindi : हिमाचल प्रदेश, himācal pradeś, ) est un État du nord-ouest de l’Inde. Territoire de l'Union en 1950, le Himachal Pradesh est devenu le dix-huitième État de la République indienne en 1971. Sa capitale, Shimla, fut pendant près d'un siècle la capitale d'été du Raj britannique. Son réseau hydraulique important lui permet de fournir de l'électricité aux États du Nord du pays grâce au barrage de Pandoh ainsi qu'au barrage de Karcham Wangtoo. L'agriculture et le tourisme sont les autres secteurs économiques importants. Himachal Pradesh (/hɪˌmɑːtʃəl prəˈdɛʃ/; Hindi: [ɦɪˈmɑːtʃəl pɾəˈdeːʃ]; lit. "Province of the Snow-laden Mountains") is a state in the northern part of India. Situated in the Western Himalayas, it is one of the thirteen mountain states and is characterized by an extreme landscape featuring several peaks and extensive river systems. Himachal Pradesh is the northernmost state of India and shares borders with the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh to the north, and the states of Punjab to the west, Haryana to the southwest, Uttarakhand to the southeast and a very narrow border with Uttar Pradesh to the south. The state also shares an international border to the east with the Tibet Autonomous Region in China. Himachal Pradesh is also known as Dev Bhoomi, meaning 'Land of Gods' Хімачал-Прадеш, Гімачал-Прадеш (гінді हिमाचल प्रदेश, МФА: [ɦɪmaːtʃəl prəd̪eːʃ]; англ. Himachal Pradesh) — штат на півночі Індії, біля Гімалаїв. Столиця — місто Шимла. У перекладі з гінді Himachal означає «країна снігових гір», «прадеш» — «область, регіон». Stát de chuid na hIndia is ea Himachal Pradesh. Himachal Pradexe (Himachal Pradesh) é um dos estados da Índia. As línguas oficiais são o hindi e o pahari e a capital e maior cidade é Ximelá. Ao norte está o Estado de Jamu e Caxemira, a leste o Tibete sob ocupação chinesa, a sudeste o Utaracanda, o Utar Pradexe e Harianá a sul e o Panjabe a sudoeste. Aliás, durante o período de dominação britânica, a região era conhecida como os "Estados montanhosos do Panjabe". Himachal Pradesh (info / uitleg) (Hindi: हिमाचल प्रदेश)is een bergachtige deelstaat van India. De staat ligt in het noorden van het land. De hoofdstad is Shimla, terwijl Dharamsala daarnaast als winterhoofdstad fungeert. De aangrenzende gebieden zijn Tibet (Volksrepubliek China) in het oosten, Uttarakhand in het zuidoosten, Haryana en Uttar Pradesh in het zuiden, Punjab in het zuidwesten en de unieterritoria Jammu en Kasjmir en Ladakh in het noorden. ヒマーチャル・プラデーシュ州（ヒマーチャル・プラデーシュしゅう、英語: Himachal Pradesh、ヒンディー語: हिमाचल प्रदेश、IPA: /hɪmaːtʃəl prəd̪eːʃ/）は、インドを構成する州の一つ。州都はシムラー。人口は6,864,602人、面積は55,673km²。 Himachal Pradesh adalah sebuah negara bagian India yang terdiri dari daerah pegunungan di utara India. Himachal Pradesh berbatasan dengan Tibet di sebelah timur, Jammu dan Kashmir di utara, Punjab di tenggara, Haryana dan Uttar Pradesh di selatan serta Uttaranchal di timur laut. Himachal Pradesh memiliki luas wilayah 55.658 km² menjadikannya salah satu negara bagian terkecil di India (berada di urutan ke-17). Ibu kotanya terletak di Shimla (dulunya bernama Simla). Kota utama lainnya adalah Solan, Dharamsala, , , , , , dan . 히마찰프라데시주(영어: Himachal Pradesh, 힌디어: हिमाचल-प्रदेश)는 인도 북부에 위치한 주로 주도는 심라이다. 1971년 1월 25일 주로 승격되었다. 동쪽으로는 중화인민공화국 티베트 자치구와 국경을 접하며 북쪽으로는 잠무 카슈미르 주, 남서쪽으로는 펀자브 주, 남쪽으로는 하리아나 주와 우타르프라데시 주, 남동쪽으로는 우타라칸드 주와 접한다. 대부분의 지역이 산간 지형이며 티베트 망명 정부의 근거지인 다람살라가 위치한다. Химача́л-Праде́ш (хинди हिमाचल प्रदेश, «Регион страны снежных гор», МФА: ɦɪmaːtʃəl prəd̪eːʃ ; англ. Himachal Pradesh) — штат (с 1971 г.) на севере Индии. Население 6 856 509 чел. (2011). Площадь 55 673 км². Столица — Шимла (Симла). Соседствует с союзными территориями Джамму и Кашмир и Ладакх на севере, штатами Пенджаб на западе и юго-западе, Харьяна и Уттар-Прадеш на юге, Уттаракхандом на юго-востоке и китайским Тибетом на востоке. Согласно исследованию Трансперенси Интернешнл 2005 года, Химачал-Прадеш является вторым наименее коррумпированным штатом, после Керала. Himaĉal-Pradeŝo (hindie हिमाचल प्रदेश) estas subŝtato en norda Barato, apud la himalaja montaro. Antaŭe parto de la subŝtato Panĝabo, ĝi apartiĝis de sia najbara subŝtato en 1956. Ĝi landlimas Ĉinion oriente. L'Himachal Pradesh (हिमाचल प्रदेश; letteralmente "Provincia innevata") è uno stato dell'India settentrionale. Situato nell'Himalaya occidentale, confina con Jammu e Kashmir e Ladakh a nord, Punjab a ovest, Haryana a sud-ovest, Uttarakhand a sud-est e con la Regione Autonoma del Tibet a est. Il nome dello stato deriva dal Sanscrito - Him che significa "Neve" e achal che significa "Terra". Himáčalpradéš (hindsky हिमाचल प्रदेश, Himáčal pradéš, anglicky Himachal Pradesh) je stát v severozápadní Indii s hlavním městem Šimla. Na severu sousedí s Ladakem, na západě a jihozápadě s Paňdžábem, s Harijánou a Uttarpradéšem na jihu, Uttarákhandem na jihovýchodě a Tibetem (ČLR) na východě. Rozloha státu činí 55 780 km². هِماجل بَردِيش أو هِماشل برديش (نقحرة: هيماچال پرادش) Himachal Pradesh (باللغة الهندية: हिमाचल प्रदेश، بالبنجابية: ਹਿਮਾਚਲ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼، pronounced (مساعدة·معلومات)) هي ولاية جبلية تقع في أقصى شمالي الهند، ومعناها مقاطعات هملايا. وقد تكون هذا الإقليم عام 1948م، بضم 31 إمارة. وتعد هِماجل بَرديش، منطقة مشهورة برحلات عربات الثيران، وبها صناعة بستنة مزدهرة. Himachal Pradesh är en delstat i nordligaste Indien, i de västra delarna av Himalayamassivet. Två tredjedelar av delstatens territorium utgörs av berg (Pir Panjal). Himachal Pradesh (punjaberaz ਹਿਮਾਚਲ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼, hindiz हिमाचल प्रदेश) India ipar-mendebaldeko estatu bat da. Iparraldean, Tibetekin, iparraldean eta ipar-mendebaldean Jammu eta Kaxmirrekin, Punjabekin hego-mendebaldean, Haryana eta Uttar Pradeshekin hegoaldean eta Uttaranchalekin hego-ekialdean egiten du muga. Bere hedadura 55.658 kilometro karratukoa da, eta, 2001eko erroldaren arabera, bere biztanleria 6.077.248 biztanlekoa da. Bere hiriburua, Shimla da. Estatuko beste hiri garrantzitsu batzuk Dharamsala, , , , , eta dira. Bertan dauden haranak, Lahaul, Spiti, Pangi eta Pin dira. Himachal Pradesh (hindi हिमाचल प्रदेश, trb.: Himaćal Pradeś, trl.: Himācal Pradeś; ang. Himachal Pradesh) – górzysty stan w północno-zachodnich Indiach. Sąsiadujący z Tybetem na wschodzie, Dżammu i Kaszmirem na północy i na północnym zachodzie, z Pendżabem na południowym zachodzie, ze stanami Hariana i Uttar Pradesh na południu i Uttarakhand na południowym wschodzie. Stolicą stanu jest Shimla inne główne miasta to: Dharamsala, Kangra, Mandi, Kullu, Chamba, i Manali. Głównymi rzekami na terenie stanu są Satledź i . Most na rzece Satledź w jest jednym z najwyżej położonych w Azji. Η Χιμάτσαλ Πραντές είναι μία από τις 28 Ομόσπονδες Πολιτείες που συγκροτούν σήμερα την Ινδία. Βρίσκεται στο βόρειο τμήμα της χώρας. Η συνολική της έκταση είναι περίπου 55.780 τ.χλμ., ενώ ο πληθυσμός της (το 2001) ήταν περίπου 6.078.000. Πρωτεύουσά της είναι η πόλη . Η Ομόσπονδη Πολιτεία Χιμάτσαλ Πραντές ιδρύθηκε το 1971 με την απόσχιση ανατολικού τμημάτος της Πολιτείας Παντζάμπ.

rdfs:seeAlso

dbr:Hydroelectric_power dbr:Himachal_Pradesh dbr:List_of_institutions_of_higher_education

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Himachal Pradesh

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Devbhumi () and Veerbhumi ()

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n42:

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Himachal Pradesh

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31.10333251953125

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Literacy in Himachal Pradesh

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Religion in Himachal Pradesh

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0001-01-25 1956-11-01

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Union territory State

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It was elevated to the status of state by the State of Himachal Pradesh Act, 1970

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From top, left to right:Jorkanden peak of Kinner Kailash range, the Parvati Valley near Tosh; Khajjiar, the Key Monastery in Spiti; the Dhauladhars as seen from HPCA Stadium in Dharamsala; Bhimakali Temple in Sarahan, Kalpa; Shimla at night

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dbr:Vipin_Singh_Parmar Ram Dass Dhiman, IAS dbr:Rajendra_Arlekar Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly Jai Ram Thakur

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Himachal Pradesh

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Satyameva Jayate IAST:

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Devbhumi and Veerbhumi

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2011

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Country

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Himachal Pradesh és un estat de la Unió Índia, format pels antics estats muntanyencs de Punjab. Limita amb el Tibet a l'est, Jammu i Caixmir al nord i nord-oest, Punjab al sud-oest, Haryana i Uttar Pradesh al sud i Uttaranchal al sud-est. La capital n'és Simla. Situat a l'Himàlaia occidental, és una regió molt muntanyosa. Les valls, regades pels afluents de l'Indus (Chenāb, Satluj i Beās), són fèrtils, i s'hi concentra la població. El 88,9% de la població parla hindi, però el territori és reivindicat pels nacionalistes radicals sikhs com a part del Khalistan. Destaquen els conreus de blat, canya de sucre, lli, tabac i arròs, i la ramaderia d'ovelles i de cabres. Hi ha explotació forestal i jaciments de sal gemma. La indústria és de tipus artesanal: fusta i teixits de llana. Хімачал-Прадеш, Гімачал-Прадеш (гінді हिमाचल प्रदेश, МФА: [ɦɪmaːtʃəl prəd̪eːʃ]; англ. Himachal Pradesh) — штат на півночі Індії, біля Гімалаїв. Столиця — місто Шимла. У перекладі з гінді Himachal означає «країна снігових гір», «прадеш» — «область, регіон». Η Χιμάτσαλ Πραντές είναι μία από τις 28 Ομόσπονδες Πολιτείες που συγκροτούν σήμερα την Ινδία. Βρίσκεται στο βόρειο τμήμα της χώρας. Η συνολική της έκταση είναι περίπου 55.780 τ.χλμ., ενώ ο πληθυσμός της (το 2001) ήταν περίπου 6.078.000. Πρωτεύουσά της είναι η πόλη . Η Ομόσπονδη Πολιτεία Χιμάτσαλ Πραντές ιδρύθηκε το 1971 με την απόσχιση ανατολικού τμημάτος της Πολιτείας Παντζάμπ. Stát de chuid na hIndia is ea Himachal Pradesh. 히마찰프라데시주(영어: Himachal Pradesh, 힌디어: हिमाचल-प्रदेश)는 인도 북부에 위치한 주로 주도는 심라이다. 1971년 1월 25일 주로 승격되었다. 동쪽으로는 중화인민공화국 티베트 자치구와 국경을 접하며 북쪽으로는 잠무 카슈미르 주, 남서쪽으로는 펀자브 주, 남쪽으로는 하리아나 주와 우타르프라데시 주, 남동쪽으로는 우타라칸드 주와 접한다. 대부분의 지역이 산간 지형이며 티베트 망명 정부의 근거지인 다람살라가 위치한다. 喜马偕尔邦（印地语：हिमाचल प्रदेश，拉丁字母转写：Himachal Pradesh，意为“雪山地区”）是印度北部的一个邦，毗连中国西藏自治区。该邦官方语言为印地语和附加官方语言帕哈尔语。全境属于喜马拉雅山区，气候温和，但冬季寒冷。首府西姆拉曾是英属印度的夏都。经济以农业和旅游业为主，盛产水果。 Himachal Pradesh (hindi हिमाचल प्रदेश, trb.: Himaćal Pradeś, trl.: Himācal Pradeś; ang. Himachal Pradesh) – górzysty stan w północno-zachodnich Indiach. Sąsiadujący z Tybetem na wschodzie, Dżammu i Kaszmirem na północy i na północnym zachodzie, z Pendżabem na południowym zachodzie, ze stanami Hariana i Uttar Pradesh na południu i Uttarakhand na południowym wschodzie. Stolicą stanu jest Shimla inne główne miasta to: Dharamsala, Kangra, Mandi, Kullu, Chamba, i Manali. Głównymi rzekami na terenie stanu są Satledź i . Most na rzece Satledź w jest jednym z najwyżej położonych w Azji. Himachal Pradesh adalah sebuah negara bagian India yang terdiri dari daerah pegunungan di utara India. Himachal Pradesh berbatasan dengan Tibet di sebelah timur, Jammu dan Kashmir di utara, Punjab di tenggara, Haryana dan Uttar Pradesh di selatan serta Uttaranchal di timur laut. Himachal Pradesh memiliki luas wilayah 55.658 km² menjadikannya salah satu negara bagian terkecil di India (berada di urutan ke-17). Ibu kotanya terletak di Shimla (dulunya bernama Simla). Kota utama lainnya adalah Solan, Dharamsala, , , , , , dan . Himachal Pradesh (Hindi: हिमाचल प्रदेश Himācal Pradeś [hɪˈmɑːʧʌl prʌˈdeːʃ]) ist ein indischer Bundesstaat mit einer Fläche von 55.673 Quadratkilometern und einer Bevölkerung von etwa 6,9 Millionen Einwohnern (Volkszählung 2011). Hauptstadt ist Shimla. Himachal Pradesh ( (?·i) hindi: हिमाचल प्रदेश «Tierra de las nieves») es un estado de la República de la India. Su capital oficial es Shimla y Dharamsala como capital de invierno. Está ubicado al norte del país, limitando al norte con Jammu y Cachemira, al noreste con China, al este con Uttarakhand, y al sur con Haryana y Punyab. Con 6 864 602 habitantes en 2011 es el noveno estado menos poblado —por delante de Tripura, Megalaya, Manipur, Nagaland, Goa, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram y Sikkim, el menos poblado— y con 123 hab/km² es el séptimo menos densamente poblado —por delante de Manipur, Nagaland, Sikkim, Jammu y Cachemira, Mizoram y Arunachal Pradesh, el menos densamente poblado—. Aparte de la capital, otras ciudades importantes del estado son: Kangra, Mandi, Kullu, , Dalhousie y Manali. Gran parte del estado es de relieve montañoso, con los Himalayas en el norte y el este. El río Ghaggar se origina en este estado. Los principales ríos de Himachal Pradesh son el Sutlej y el Beas. Los principales idiomas hablados en la zona son el , , panyabí, hindi y . Hinduismo, budismo y sijismo son las religiones principales. Dharamsala, en la zona oeste del estado, es el lugar en el que reside en la actualidad el Dalái Lama así como numerosos refugiados tibetanos. Posee algunos valles famosos: Lahaul, Spiti, Pangi y Pin. Himáčalpradéš (hindsky हिमाचल प्रदेश, Himáčal pradéš, anglicky Himachal Pradesh) je stát v severozápadní Indii s hlavním městem Šimla. Na severu sousedí s Ladakem, na západě a jihozápadě s Paňdžábem, s Harijánou a Uttarpradéšem na jihu, Uttarákhandem na jihovýchodě a Tibetem (ČLR) na východě. Rozloha státu činí 55 780 km². Himachal Pradesh (punjaberaz ਹਿਮਾਚਲ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼, hindiz हिमाचल प्रदेश) India ipar-mendebaldeko estatu bat da. Iparraldean, Tibetekin, iparraldean eta ipar-mendebaldean Jammu eta Kaxmirrekin, Punjabekin hego-mendebaldean, Haryana eta Uttar Pradeshekin hegoaldean eta Uttaranchalekin hego-ekialdean egiten du muga. Bere hedadura 55.658 kilometro karratukoa da, eta, 2001eko erroldaren arabera, bere biztanleria 6.077.248 biztanlekoa da. Bere hiriburua, Shimla da. Estatuko beste hiri garrantzitsu batzuk Dharamsala, , , , , eta dira. Estatuan hitz egiten diren hizkuntza nagusiak , , punjabiera, hindi eta dira. Hinduismoa, budismoa eta sikhismoa dira erlijio nagusiak. Dharamsala, estatuko mendebaldeko zatian, Dalai Lama gaur egun bizi den tokia da, baita tibetar iheslari ugari ere. Bertan dauden haranak, Lahaul, Spiti, Pangi eta Pin dira. Himachal Pradesh (/hɪˌmɑːtʃəl prəˈdɛʃ/; Hindi: [ɦɪˈmɑːtʃəl pɾəˈdeːʃ]; lit. "Province of the Snow-laden Mountains") is a state in the northern part of India. Situated in the Western Himalayas, it is one of the thirteen mountain states and is characterized by an extreme landscape featuring several peaks and extensive river systems. Himachal Pradesh is the northernmost state of India and shares borders with the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh to the north, and the states of Punjab to the west, Haryana to the southwest, Uttarakhand to the southeast and a very narrow border with Uttar Pradesh to the south. The state also shares an international border to the east with the Tibet Autonomous Region in China. Himachal Pradesh is also known as Dev Bhoomi, meaning 'Land of Gods' and Veer Bhoomi which means 'Land of the Brave'. The predominantly mountainous region comprising the present-day Himachal Pradesh has been inhabited since pre-historic times, having witnessed multiple waves of human migrations from other areas. Through its history, the region was mostly ruled by local kingdoms, some of which accepted the suzerainty of larger empires. Prior to India's independence from the British, Himachal comprised the hilly regions of the Punjab Province of British India. After independence, many of the hilly territories were organized as the Chief Commissioner's province of Himachal Pradesh, which later became a union territory. In 1966, hilly areas of the neighboring Punjab state were merged into Himachal and it was ultimately granted full statehood in 1971. Himachal Pradesh is spread across valleys with many perennial rivers flowing through them. Around 90% of the state's population lives in rural areas. Agriculture, horticulture, hydropower and tourism are important constituents of the state's economy. The hilly state is almost universally electrified, with 99.5% of households having electricity as of 2016. The state was declared India's second open-defecation-free state in 2016. According to a survey of CMS – India Corruption Study 2017, Himachal Pradesh is India's least corrupt state. Himachal Pradesh (info / uitleg) (Hindi: हिमाचल प्रदेश)is een bergachtige deelstaat van India. De staat ligt in het noorden van het land. De hoofdstad is Shimla, terwijl Dharamsala daarnaast als winterhoofdstad fungeert. De aangrenzende gebieden zijn Tibet (Volksrepubliek China) in het oosten, Uttarakhand in het zuidoosten, Haryana en Uttar Pradesh in het zuiden, Punjab in het zuidwesten en de unieterritoria Jammu en Kasjmir en Ladakh in het noorden. Himachal Pradesh werd gecreëerd in 1948; voordien was de regio als een deel van de Brits-Indische provincie . In 1971 kreeg Himachal Pradesh zijn huidige omvang. Himachal Pradesh är en delstat i nordligaste Indien, i de västra delarna av Himalayamassivet. Två tredjedelar av delstatens territorium utgörs av berg (Pir Panjal). ヒマーチャル・プラデーシュ州（ヒマーチャル・プラデーシュしゅう、英語: Himachal Pradesh、ヒンディー語: हिमाचल प्रदेश、IPA: /hɪmaːtʃəl prəd̪eːʃ/）は、インドを構成する州の一つ。州都はシムラー。人口は6,864,602人、面積は55,673km²。 هِماجل بَردِيش أو هِماشل برديش (نقحرة: هيماچال پرادش) Himachal Pradesh (باللغة الهندية: हिमाचल प्रदेश، بالبنجابية: ਹਿਮਾਚਲ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼، pronounced (مساعدة·معلومات)) هي ولاية جبلية تقع في أقصى شمالي الهند، ومعناها مقاطعات هملايا. وقد تكون هذا الإقليم عام 1948م، بضم 31 إمارة. وتعد هِماجل بَرديش، منطقة مشهورة برحلات عربات الثيران، وبها صناعة بستنة مزدهرة. Le Himachal Pradesh (en hindi : हिमाचल प्रदेश, himācal pradeś, ) est un État du nord-ouest de l’Inde. Territoire de l'Union en 1950, le Himachal Pradesh est devenu le dix-huitième État de la République indienne en 1971. Sa capitale, Shimla, fut pendant près d'un siècle la capitale d'été du Raj britannique. Sa superficie est de 55 673 km2, il est encadré par les États indiens du Jammu-et-Cachemire au nord, du Penjab à l'ouest, du Haryana et de l'Uttar Pradesh au sud, de l'Uttarakhand au sud-est et par le Tibet (région de la Chine) à l'est. Situé dans l'ouest de l'Himalaya, son altitude est comprise entre 450 et 7 000 mètres. L'État est drainé par les rivières Chenab, Ravi, Beas, Sutlej et Yamuna. La signification littérale de Himachal Pradesh est « province des montagnes enneigées »[réf. souhaitée]. Les premières traces de peuplement remontent à 40 000 ans alors que l'implantation de populations indo-aryennes remonte à −1 500 ans. Plus récemment, la région fut sous la domination des Moghols, des Gurkhas, des Sikhs et des Britanniques avant l'intégration dans l'Union indienne. Son réseau hydraulique important lui permet de fournir de l'électricité aux États du Nord du pays grâce au barrage de Pandoh ainsi qu'au barrage de Karcham Wangtoo. L'agriculture et le tourisme sont les autres secteurs économiques importants. En 2011, le Himachal Pradesh comptait 6 856 509 habitants dont 95 % d'hindous. Himachal Pradexe (Himachal Pradesh) é um dos estados da Índia. As línguas oficiais são o hindi e o pahari e a capital e maior cidade é Ximelá. Ao norte está o Estado de Jamu e Caxemira, a leste o Tibete sob ocupação chinesa, a sudeste o Utaracanda, o Utar Pradexe e Harianá a sul e o Panjabe a sudoeste. Aliás, durante o período de dominação britânica, a região era conhecida como os "Estados montanhosos do Panjabe". Himaĉal-Pradeŝo (hindie हिमाचल प्रदेश) estas subŝtato en norda Barato, apud la himalaja montaro. Antaŭe parto de la subŝtato Panĝabo, ĝi apartiĝis de sia najbara subŝtato en 1956. Ĝi landlimas Ĉinion oriente. L'Himachal Pradesh (हिमाचल प्रदेश; letteralmente "Provincia innevata") è uno stato dell'India settentrionale. Situato nell'Himalaya occidentale, confina con Jammu e Kashmir e Ladakh a nord, Punjab a ovest, Haryana a sud-ovest, Uttarakhand a sud-est e con la Regione Autonoma del Tibet a est. Il nome dello stato deriva dal Sanscrito - Him che significa "Neve" e achal che significa "Terra". Химача́л-Праде́ш (хинди हिमाचल प्रदेश, «Регион страны снежных гор», МФА: ɦɪmaːtʃəl prəd̪eːʃ ; англ. Himachal Pradesh) — штат (с 1971 г.) на севере Индии. Население 6 856 509 чел. (2011). Площадь 55 673 км². Столица — Шимла (Симла). Соседствует с союзными территориями Джамму и Кашмир и Ладакх на севере, штатами Пенджаб на западе и юго-западе, Харьяна и Уттар-Прадеш на юге, Уттаракхандом на юго-востоке и китайским Тибетом на востоке. Согласно исследованию Трансперенси Интернешнл 2005 года, Химачал-Прадеш является вторым наименее коррумпированным штатом, после Керала.

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