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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:History_of_Hamas
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History of Hamas 哈馬斯歷史
rdfs:comment
The History of Hamas is an account of the Palestinian Islamist fundamentalist socio-political organization with an associated paramilitary force, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades. Hamas (حماس) Ḥamās is an acronym of حركة المقاومة الاسلامية Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamat al-Islāmiyyah, meaning "Islamic Resistance Movement". 伊斯蘭抵抗運動 (阿拉伯語:حركة المقاومة الاسلامية‎,Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-ʾIslāmiyyah) ,簡稱哈馬斯 (حماس‎,Ḥamās),是指一個巴勒斯坦伊斯蘭原教旨主義政治組織,以及與其相關的準軍事力量。 哈馬斯在1987年成立,起源於埃及的穆斯林兄弟會運動。該運動自1950年代以來一直活躍於加沙地帶,並通過清真寺,慈善和社會組織的網絡擴大影響力。 在1980年代,穆斯林兄弟會在當地成為強大的政治因素,挑戰了巴勒斯坦解放組織的影響力。兄弟會在1987年開始採用哈馬斯為其在加沙運作的組織的名稱,並在當地開始走向更民族主義和激進主義的路線。 在2006年1月的巴勒斯坦議會選舉中,哈馬斯擊敗了執政的法塔赫黨,贏得了巴勒斯坦議會的大多數席位。 選舉之後,哈馬斯和法塔赫之間爆發了衝突。 2007年6月,哈馬斯在一系列暴力衝突後擊敗了法塔赫。自此哈馬斯開始統治屬巴勒斯坦領土的加沙地帶,而被西岸的政府排除在體制外。以色列和埃及隨後對加沙實施了經濟封鎖,封鎖了與該地的邊界。
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dbc:History_of_militant_organizations dbc:History_of_the_Muslim_Brotherhood dbc:Hamas dbc:History_of_Palestine_(region)
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dbo:thumbnail
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dbo:abstract
伊斯蘭抵抗運動 (阿拉伯語:حركة المقاومة الاسلامية‎,Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-ʾIslāmiyyah) ,簡稱哈馬斯 (حماس‎,Ḥamās),是指一個巴勒斯坦伊斯蘭原教旨主義政治組織,以及與其相關的準軍事力量。 哈馬斯在1987年成立,起源於埃及的穆斯林兄弟會運動。該運動自1950年代以來一直活躍於加沙地帶,並通過清真寺,慈善和社會組織的網絡擴大影響力。 在1980年代,穆斯林兄弟會在當地成為強大的政治因素,挑戰了巴勒斯坦解放組織的影響力。兄弟會在1987年開始採用哈馬斯為其在加沙運作的組織的名稱,並在當地開始走向更民族主義和激進主義的路線。 在2006年1月的巴勒斯坦議會選舉中,哈馬斯擊敗了執政的法塔赫黨,贏得了巴勒斯坦議會的大多數席位。 選舉之後,哈馬斯和法塔赫之間爆發了衝突。 2007年6月,哈馬斯在一系列暴力衝突後擊敗了法塔赫。自此哈馬斯開始統治屬巴勒斯坦領土的加沙地帶,而被西岸的政府排除在體制外。以色列和埃及隨後對加沙實施了經濟封鎖,封鎖了與該地的邊界。 在獲得對加沙的控制權之後,與哈馬斯有聯繫的民兵向以色列發動火箭彈襲擊。在埃及斡旋下雙方達成停火協議,哈馬斯於2008年6月停止發射火箭彈。然而停火協議在雙方互相指責對方違反協議後被撕毀。2008年12月下旬,以色列進攻加沙,加沙戰爭爆發。 以軍在取得軍事勝利後單方面宣佈停火,在2009年1月中旬撤出部隊。 The History of Hamas is an account of the Palestinian Islamist fundamentalist socio-political organization with an associated paramilitary force, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades. Hamas (حماس) Ḥamās is an acronym of حركة المقاومة الاسلامية Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamat al-Islāmiyyah, meaning "Islamic Resistance Movement". Hamas was established in 1987, and has its origins in Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood movement, which had been active in the Gaza Strip since the 1950s and gained influence through a network of mosques and various charitable and social organizations. In the 1980s the Brotherhood emerged as a powerful political factor, challenging the influence of the PLO, and in 1987 adopted a more nationalist and activist line under the name of Hamas. During the 1990s and early 2000s, the organization conducted numerous suicide bombings and other attacks against Israel. In the Palestinian legislative election of January 2006, Hamas gained a large majority of seats in the Palestinian Parliament, defeating the ruling Fatah party. After the elections, conflicts arose between Hamas and Fatah, which they were unable to resolve. In June 2007, Hamas defeated Fatah in a series of violent clashes, and since that time Hamas has governed the Gaza portion of the Palestinian Territories, while at the same time they were ousted from government positions in the West Bank. Israel and Egypt then imposed an economic blockade on Gaza and largely sealed their borders with the territory. After acquiring control of Gaza, Hamas-affiliated and other militias launched rocket attacks upon Israel, which Hamas ceased in June 2008 following an Egyptian-brokered ceasefire. The ceasefire broke down late in 2008, with each side accusing the other of responsibility. In late December 2008, Israel attacked Gaza, withdrawing its forces in mid-January 2009.
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