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Statements

Subject Item
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Nicolaus Reimers 니콜라우스 라이머스 Реймерс, Николас Nicolaus Reimers Mikuláš Reimarus Ursus Nicolaus Reimers Nicolas Raimarus Ursus Nicolaus Reimers Nicolaus Reimers
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Nicolaus Reimers (1551-1600) – niemiecki astronom i matematyk, znany również jako Dittmarsus lub Raimarus Ursus. Mikuláš Reimarus Ursus (2. února 1551 – 16. října 1600 Praha) byl matematik a astronom, působící v poslední dekádě svého života na dvoře Rudolfa II. jako císařský matematik. Je také autorem jednoho z kompromisních modelů Vesmíru na pomezí mezi geocentrismem a heliocentrismem, o který vedl na sklonku života vyhraněné autorské spory s Brahem. Николас (Николаус) Реймерс Бэр (нем. Nicolaus Reimers Baer, 1551—1600) — придворный астроном и астролог (официально именовавшийся «математиком») австрийского императора Рудольфа II. Известен также под прозвищем Урсус (Ursus), полученным буквальным переводом нем. Baer (Bär) (медведь) на латинский. Активный участник споров XVI века о выборе системы мира (геоцентризм, гелиоцентризм, гео-гелиоцентризм). Хотя Реймерс придерживался гео-гелиоцентризма, он перевёл на немецкий язык книгу Коперника О вращении небесных сфер, чем способствовал её популярности. 니콜라우스 라이머스 베어(Nicolaus Reimers Baer, 1551년 2월 2일 ~ 1600년 10월 16일)는 라이마루스 우르소(Reimarus Ursus, ‘우르소’는 곰이라는 뜻의 라틴어다.)라는 라틴어 이름으로도 알려져 있는 독일의 천문학자이자 신성 로마 제국의 루돌프 2세 황제의 제국 수학자였다. 라이머스는 튀코 브라헤의 숙적이었다. 라이머스는 를 누가 제창했느냐의 문제로 튀코와 오랫동안 싸움을 벌였다. 라이머스는 자기 책에서 근거 없이 브라헤 가문을 음란하게 비난했고, 튀코도 라이머스를 상대로 소송을 준비했다. 이 둘의 싸움 중간에는 애꿎은 케플러도 멋모르고 끼여 있었다. 라이머스는 싸움에서 케플러를 인질 잡았고, 튀코는 라이머스를 상대로 한 소송에서 케플러의 언질을 이용했다. 결국 이 추한 싸움은 튀코의 승리로 끝이 났으며, 라이머스는 프라하를 도망치듯 떠났고, 제국 수학자 자리도 튀코가 차지했다. 1년여 뒤인 1600년, 라이머스는 숨을 거두었다. Nicolaus Reimers Baer (2 de febrero de 1551-16 de octubre de 1600), también Reimarus Ursus, Nicolaus Reimers Bär o Nicolaus Reymers Baer, fue astrónomo y matemático de la corte del emperador Rodolfo II. Debido al origen de su familia, era también conocido como Bär, latinizado como Ursus ("Oso"). Nicolaus Reimers Baer (1551-1600) estis germana astronomo kaj imperia matematikisto de la imperiestro Rudolfo la 2-a (1552-1612). Pro lia familia edukado, li estis konata kiel Bär ("Urso"). Ĝis kiam li estis 18-jara, li nur bredis porkojn. Henriko Rancovo (1526-1598) malkovris liajn talentojn kaj tenis lin kiel sian geometron inter 1574 kaj 1584. Laŭŝajne, Rajmero publikigis, en 1583, lian Geodaesia Ranzoviana. Rancovo ankaŭ plenumis lian renkontiĝon kun Tiko Braho (1546-1601). Nicolas Reymers, latinisé Raimarus Dithmarsus en raison de son lieu de naissance (né le 2 février 1551 à Hennstedt (Dithmarse) en Allemagne - meurt le 16 octobre 1600 à Prague), auteur de quelques ouvrages d'astronomie, fut astrologue impérial de l’Empereur Rodolphe II du Saint-Empire de 1591 à 1600. Il a été aussi connu sous le nom d’Ursus (Ours). Nicolaus Reimers Ursus (auch Nikolaus bzw. Reimers, Reymers, Raimarus, Raymarus, der lateinische Beiname Ursus bedeutet „Bär“; * 2. Februar 1551 in Hennstedt (Dithmarschen); † 15. August 1600 in Prag) war Astronom und kaiserlicher Hofmathematiker. Er war der erste, der das Hauptwerk von Nikolaus Kopernikus De revolutionibus orbium coelestium ins Deutsche übersetzte. Nicolaus Reimers Baer (2 February 1551 – 16 October 1600), also Reimarus Ursus, Nicolaus Reimers Bär or Nicolaus Reymers Baer, was an astronomer and imperial mathematician to Emperor Rudolf II. Due to his family's background, he was also known as Bär, Latinized to Ursus ("bear"). Johannes Kepler committed a faux pas early in his career by sending a laudatory letter to Reimers while seeking the patronage of Tycho. Ursus published the letter in the preface to his work claiming priority for Tycho's cosmological ideas. Reimers died in Prague.
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Mikuláš Reimarus Ursus (2. února 1551 – 16. října 1600 Praha) byl matematik a astronom, působící v poslední dekádě svého života na dvoře Rudolfa II. jako císařský matematik. Je také autorem jednoho z kompromisních modelů Vesmíru na pomezí mezi geocentrismem a heliocentrismem, o který vedl na sklonku života vyhraněné autorské spory s Brahem. Николас (Николаус) Реймерс Бэр (нем. Nicolaus Reimers Baer, 1551—1600) — придворный астроном и астролог (официально именовавшийся «математиком») австрийского императора Рудольфа II. Известен также под прозвищем Урсус (Ursus), полученным буквальным переводом нем. Baer (Bär) (медведь) на латинский. Активный участник споров XVI века о выборе системы мира (геоцентризм, гелиоцентризм, гео-гелиоцентризм). Хотя Реймерс придерживался гео-гелиоцентризма, он перевёл на немецкий язык книгу Коперника О вращении небесных сфер, чем способствовал её популярности. В честь учёного в 1935 году назван лунный кратер Реймерс на видимой стороне Луны. Nicolaus Reimers Baer (2 February 1551 – 16 October 1600), also Reimarus Ursus, Nicolaus Reimers Bär or Nicolaus Reymers Baer, was an astronomer and imperial mathematician to Emperor Rudolf II. Due to his family's background, he was also known as Bär, Latinized to Ursus ("bear"). Reimers was born in Hennstedt and received hardly any education in his youth, herding pigs until the age of 18. Yet, Heinrich Rantzau discovered his talents and employed him from 1574 to 1584 as geometer. Accordingly, Reimers in 1580 published a Latin Grammar and in 1583 his Geodaesia Ranzoviana. Rantzau also arranged a meeting with Tycho Brahe. From 1585 to 1586 he was employed as a private tutor in Pomerania and from 1586 to 1587, Reimers stayed at the court of William IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel in Kassel, where he met Swiss instrument maker Jost Bürgi (1552–1632). Both were autodidacts and thus had a similar background. As Bürgi did not understand Latin, Reimers translated Copernicus' De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium into German for Bürgi. A copy of the translation survived in Graz, it is thus called "Grazer Handschrift". Reimers was a bitter rival of Tycho Brahe (his successor as imperial mathematician) after he tried to claim the Tychonic system as his own. Tycho complained that Ursus had plagiarized both his system of the world, as well as the publication of the mathematical model of prosthaphaeresis. History has sided with Ursus on the later issue, and he had stated that the technique was the invention of Paul Wittich and Jost Bürgi. In 1588 he claimed to have devised a model of the Solar System where the planets revolved around the Sun, while the Earth only spun around on its axis. In this he differed from Copernicus, who had postulated also that the Earth orbited the Sun. Ursus objected to the Copernican model as it violated the Aristotelian principle of not allowing more than one natural movement by a body. Johannes Kepler committed a faux pas early in his career by sending a laudatory letter to Reimers while seeking the patronage of Tycho. Ursus published the letter in the preface to his work claiming priority for Tycho's cosmological ideas. But unlike Tycho's geoheliocentric system in which the Earth does not rotate and the Martian and Solar orbits intersect, in that of Ursus and his follower Roslin the Earth had a daily rotation and also the Martian and Solar orbits do not intersect, thus avoiding the Tychonic conclusion in respect of the Martian orbit that there are no solid celestial spheres on the ground that they cannot possibly interpenetrate. But on the other hand the orbits of Mercury and Venus would obviously intersect the Martian orbit in Reimers' illustration of his model, and indeed also intersect Jupiter's orbit. However Kepler discovered Tycho had posited intersecting Martian and Solar orbits because he had mistakenly concluded from his data that at opposition Mars was closer to the Earth than the Sun was. The source of the error was a research assistants' mistaken calculation of Mars's daily parallax from observations during its 1582-83 opposition as greater than that of the Sun's presumed 3' parallax. Kepler discovered Tycho's observations revealed little or no Martian parallax, implying it was further than the Sun at opposition. This would have refuted Tycho's system in favour of Ursus's and Roslin's. It seems it has yet to be determined whether the dominant astronomical system of the 17th century was the geoheliocentric system of Tycho or that of Ursus and Roslin at least in respect of non-intersecting Solar and Martian orbits, and also in that of the Earth's rotation or not. Reimers died in Prague. Nicolaus Reimers (1551-1600) – niemiecki astronom i matematyk, znany również jako Dittmarsus lub Raimarus Ursus. Nicolaus Reimers Baer (1551-1600) estis germana astronomo kaj imperia matematikisto de la imperiestro Rudolfo la 2-a (1552-1612). Pro lia familia edukado, li estis konata kiel Bär ("Urso"). Ĝis kiam li estis 18-jara, li nur bredis porkojn. Henriko Rancovo (1526-1598) malkovris liajn talentojn kaj tenis lin kiel sian geometron inter 1574 kaj 1584. Laŭŝajne, Rajmero publikigis, en 1583, lian Geodaesia Ranzoviana. Rancovo ankaŭ plenumis lian renkontiĝon kun Tiko Braho (1546-1601). Inter 1586 kaj 1587, Rajmero restis en la kortego de Vilhelmo la 4-a (1532-1592), Landgrafo de Heselo-Kaselo, kie li konatiĝis kun Justo Burgo (1552-1632). Ambaŭ estis memlernantoj kaj havis similan edukadon. Ĉar Burgo ne komprenis la latinan, Rajmero tradukis al li en la germanan "De revolutionibus orbium coelestium" de Nikolao Koperniko (1473-1543). Kopio de tiu verko supervivis lin, troviĝas en Graz kaj estas konata kiel la "Manuskripto de Graz". Rajmero iomete rivalis al Tiko Braho, sia sukcedanto kiel imperia matematikisto, post kiam li penis havigi al si la Tikan Sistemon, kiu ankaŭ atribuiĝas al Paŭlo Vitiko (1546-1586), kiel sian propran. Johano Keplero (1571-1630) faris malĝentilaĵon en la komenco de sia kariero, sendante laŭdoleteron al Rajmero dum li serĉis la patronecon de Tiko Brako. Urso publikigis leteron en la prefaco de sia verko postulante prioritaton rilate al la kosmologiaj ideoj de Tiko." Nicolaus Reimers Baer (2 de febrero de 1551-16 de octubre de 1600), también Reimarus Ursus, Nicolaus Reimers Bär o Nicolaus Reymers Baer, fue astrónomo y matemático de la corte del emperador Rodolfo II. Debido al origen de su familia, era también conocido como Bär, latinizado como Ursus ("Oso"). 니콜라우스 라이머스 베어(Nicolaus Reimers Baer, 1551년 2월 2일 ~ 1600년 10월 16일)는 라이마루스 우르소(Reimarus Ursus, ‘우르소’는 곰이라는 뜻의 라틴어다.)라는 라틴어 이름으로도 알려져 있는 독일의 천문학자이자 신성 로마 제국의 루돌프 2세 황제의 제국 수학자였다. 라이머스는 튀코 브라헤의 숙적이었다. 라이머스는 를 누가 제창했느냐의 문제로 튀코와 오랫동안 싸움을 벌였다. 라이머스는 자기 책에서 근거 없이 브라헤 가문을 음란하게 비난했고, 튀코도 라이머스를 상대로 소송을 준비했다. 이 둘의 싸움 중간에는 애꿎은 케플러도 멋모르고 끼여 있었다. 라이머스는 싸움에서 케플러를 인질 잡았고, 튀코는 라이머스를 상대로 한 소송에서 케플러의 언질을 이용했다. 결국 이 추한 싸움은 튀코의 승리로 끝이 났으며, 라이머스는 프라하를 도망치듯 떠났고, 제국 수학자 자리도 튀코가 차지했다. 1년여 뒤인 1600년, 라이머스는 숨을 거두었다. Nicolas Reymers, latinisé Raimarus Dithmarsus en raison de son lieu de naissance (né le 2 février 1551 à Hennstedt (Dithmarse) en Allemagne - meurt le 16 octobre 1600 à Prague), auteur de quelques ouvrages d'astronomie, fut astrologue impérial de l’Empereur Rodolphe II du Saint-Empire de 1591 à 1600. Il a été aussi connu sous le nom d’Ursus (Ours). Nicolaus Reimers Ursus (auch Nikolaus bzw. Reimers, Reymers, Raimarus, Raymarus, der lateinische Beiname Ursus bedeutet „Bär“; * 2. Februar 1551 in Hennstedt (Dithmarschen); † 15. August 1600 in Prag) war Astronom und kaiserlicher Hofmathematiker. Er war der erste, der das Hauptwerk von Nikolaus Kopernikus De revolutionibus orbium coelestium ins Deutsche übersetzte.
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