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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:Patroon
rdf:type
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rdfs:label
파트론 Patroon Patroon (bestuurder) Patroon
rdfs:comment
Un patroon (du néerlandais patroon, propriétaire ou dirigeant d'une compagnie) était un propriétaire terrien possédant des droits seigneuriaux sur de grandes étendues de terre (un patroonat, en néerlandais patroonschap) dans les colonies néerlandaises des Amériques au XVIIe siècle (notamment en Nouvelle-Néerlande et dans les Antilles). In the United States, a patroon (English: /pəˈtruːn/; from Dutch patroon) was a landholder with manorial rights to large tracts of land in the 17th century Dutch colony of New Netherland on the east coast of North America. Through the Charter of Freedoms and Exemptions of 1629, the Dutch West India Company first started to grant this title and land to some of its invested members. These inducements to foster colonization and settlement (also known as the "Rights and Exemptions") are the basis for the patroon system. By the end of the eighteenth century, virtually all of the American states had abolished primogeniture and entail; thus patroons and manors evolved into simply large estates subject to division and leases. Een patroon in Nieuw-Nederland, de Nederlandse kolonie in Noord-Amerika in de 17e eeuw, was een landeigenaar met "heerlijke" rechten over een groot gebied. Deze rechten werden verleend door de West-Indische Compagnie aan haar investeerders, om het exploiteren van de kolonie te bevorderen. De stukken land werden patroonschappen genoemd. Deze lagen voornamelijk langs de rivier de Hudson. Binnen het patroonschap ontstonden complete dorpen met kerken en andere openbare gebouwen, die bestuurd werden in het kader van het patroonschap. 파트론(영어: Patroon)은 북아메리카의 17세기 뉴네덜란드 식민지에서 넓은 땅을 소유하였던 지주였으며 땅을 옛날 중세시대의 장원제도와 흡사한 체제로 운영하였다.
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dbo:abstract
Een patroon in Nieuw-Nederland, de Nederlandse kolonie in Noord-Amerika in de 17e eeuw, was een landeigenaar met "heerlijke" rechten over een groot gebied. Deze rechten werden verleend door de West-Indische Compagnie aan haar investeerders, om het exploiteren van de kolonie te bevorderen. De stukken land werden patroonschappen genoemd. Deze lagen voornamelijk langs de rivier de Hudson. De patroon had uitgebreide rechten en privileges, die overeenkwamen met die van een landheer in het feodale systeem in de middeleeuwen. Een patroon kon binnen zijn gebied rechtspreken, plaatselijke beambten benoemen en het land voor onbeperkte tijd in bezit houden. Als voorwaarde moest hij binnen vier jaar een nederzetting oprichten met ten minste 50 families. Deze kolonisten moesten de patroon betalen voor het gebruik van het land in de vorm van goederen, diensten of geld. Binnen het patroonschap ontstonden complete dorpen met kerken en andere openbare gebouwen, die bestuurd werden in het kader van het patroonschap. Het grootste en succesrijkste patroonschap was Rensselaerswijck rond de huidige stad Albany (New York), gesticht door Kiliaen van Rensselaer. In the United States, a patroon (English: /pəˈtruːn/; from Dutch patroon) was a landholder with manorial rights to large tracts of land in the 17th century Dutch colony of New Netherland on the east coast of North America. Through the Charter of Freedoms and Exemptions of 1629, the Dutch West India Company first started to grant this title and land to some of its invested members. These inducements to foster colonization and settlement (also known as the "Rights and Exemptions") are the basis for the patroon system. By the end of the eighteenth century, virtually all of the American states had abolished primogeniture and entail; thus patroons and manors evolved into simply large estates subject to division and leases. The deeded tracts were called patroonships and could span 16 miles in length on one side of a major river, or 8 miles if spanning both sides. In 1640, the charter was revised to cut new plot sizes in half, and to allow any Dutch American in good standing to purchase an estate. The title of patroon came with powerful rights and privileges. A patroon could create civil and criminal courts, appoint local officials and hold land in perpetuity. In return, he was required by the Dutch West India Company to – sources vary – establish a settlement of at least 50 families within four years on the land, or "ship fifty colonists to it within four year". As tenants working for the patroon, these first settlers were relieved of the duty of public taxes for ten years, but were required to pay rent to the patroon. A patroonship sometimes had its own village and other infrastructure, including churches. Patroons were entitled to the acquisition of enslaved labor by the Dutch West India Company's Rights and Exemptions Charter. Patroons, often the wealthiest and most influential residents of New Netherland, procured and exploited slaves in almost every part of the colony, although a majority of the slave population remained near New Amsterdam, and farther north, were centered around Fort Orange (Albany, NY) and Rensselaerswijck. Moreover, patroons were essentially the only colonists in New Netherland to own slaves. After the English takeover of New Netherland in 1664 and American independence in 1783, the system continued with the granting of large tracts known as manors, and sometimes referred to as patroonships. 파트론(영어: Patroon)은 북아메리카의 17세기 뉴네덜란드 식민지에서 넓은 땅을 소유하였던 지주였으며 땅을 옛날 중세시대의 장원제도와 흡사한 체제로 운영하였다. Un patroon (du néerlandais patroon, propriétaire ou dirigeant d'une compagnie) était un propriétaire terrien possédant des droits seigneuriaux sur de grandes étendues de terre (un patroonat, en néerlandais patroonschap) dans les colonies néerlandaises des Amériques au XVIIe siècle (notamment en Nouvelle-Néerlande et dans les Antilles). À travers la de 1629, la Compagnie néerlandaise des Indes occidentales commença par accorder ces privilèges juridiques et des terres à certains riches marchands néerlandais qui promettaient de coloniser leur domaine avec au moins cinquante familles en quatre ans. Ces incitatifs, qui permettaient à la compagnie de sous-traiter ses obligations l'immigration (aussi connu comme "Droits et Exemptions"), recoupaient des droits non seulement fonciers, mais aussi juridiques et commerciaux. La première version de la politique stipulait que les terres cédées par la compagnie pouvaient recouvrir une surface de 16 milles de longueur sur une rive d'un fleuve, ou 8 milles de chaque rive d'un fleuve. En 1640, la charte a été révisée pour diviser ces tailles par deux et permettre à n'importe quel Néerlandais qui le pouvait d'accéder à la propriété.
gold:hypernym
dbr:Landholder
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