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Radio in the United States 美国电台 Hörfunk in den Vereinigten Staaten
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Radio broadcasting in the United States has been used since the early 1920s to distribute news and entertainment to a national audience. In 1923, 1 percent of U.S. households owned at least one radio receiver, while a majority did by 1931 and 75 percent did by 1937. It was the first electronic "mass medium" technology, and its introduction, along with the subsequent development of sound films, ended the print monopoly of mass media. During the Golden Age of Radio it had a major cultural and financial impact on the country. However, the rise of television broadcasting in the 1950s relegated radio to a secondary status, as much of its programming and audience shifted to the new "sight joined with sound" service. Der Hörfunk in den Vereinigten Staaten gliedert sich in eine diverse Radiolandschaft mit über 14.000 lizenzierten Radiostationen. 广播电台在美国自1920年代初就一直成为向全国听众传播新闻和娱乐节目的重要渠道。它是第一种电子大众传播技术，广播电台的引入以及随后有声电影的出现，打破了印刷业对大众传媒的垄断。在“”，它对美国的文化和经济产生了重大影响。但是随着1950年代电视媒体的兴起，广播电台逐渐沦为次要地位，因为大部分的节目和受众都转向新的“视听结合”服务。 最初广播电台这个名词仅包括通过天空传播的免费无线电服务，比如：调幅广播和调频广播；但是它们现在被称为“地面广播电台”。而且随着时间的发展，时至今日，广播电台成为一个泛指一般流媒体音频服务的术语。包括卫星电台、有线电台和网络电台等服务也被包含在内。
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0001-10-31 AMRAD, in Medford Hillside, Massachusetts, began a limited series of broadcasts over experimental station 1XE in the summer of 1920. In August 1920 the Detroit News began daily broadcasts over its "Detroit News Radiophone" station, 8MK. Station WWJ traces its history to this station. 0001-02-24 In 1902 Nathan Stubblefield demonstrated "ground-conduction" wireless but was unable to achieve practical distances. 6 0001-11-02 In the summer of 1912 Charles "Doc" Herrold began regular broadcasts in San Jose, California. KCBS in San Francisco traces its history to Herrold's stations. The Oregon Telephone Herald in Portland also used telephone lines and was operational from 1912 to 1913. The New Jersey Telephone Herald provided news and entertainment to Newark, New Jersey over telephone lines from 1911 to 1912. Lee de Forest's 2XG in New York City began regular broadcasts in the fall of 1916, which included election returns that November. Alternator transmitter demonstrated by Reginald Fessenden at Brant Rock, Massachusetts in December 1906. He later reported that he subsequently made general broadcasts on Christmas Eve and New Year's Eve. In 1913 the U.S. Navy's NAA in Arlington, Virginia began broadcasting daily time signals and weather reports in Morse code which covered much of the eastern United States. Bureau of Standards' WWV, Washington, D.C., started in February 1919, and in May 1920 introduced the "Portaphone" In October 1919 Frank Conrad began semi-regular broadcasts from his experimental station 8XK, located at his home in Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania.
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Pre–World War I broadcasting activities Selected examples of early post–World War I broadcasting Pre-radio broadcasting technologies
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Advertisement for Wurlitzer sponsored Victor record concert over radio station 8XB in Cincinnati .gif Portaphone radio receiver .jpg Fessenden alternator transmitter .jpg 1920 Charles Herrold laboratory circa 1912.jpg 1921 1912 1913 1916 1910 1902 Naa-1913.jpg AMRAD factory, Medford Hillside, Massachusetts .jpg KDKA - Early studio - circa 1921.jpg 8
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dbo:abstract
广播电台在美国自1920年代初就一直成为向全国听众传播新闻和娱乐节目的重要渠道。它是第一种电子大众传播技术，广播电台的引入以及随后有声电影的出现，打破了印刷业对大众传媒的垄断。在“”，它对美国的文化和经济产生了重大影响。但是随着1950年代电视媒体的兴起，广播电台逐渐沦为次要地位，因为大部分的节目和受众都转向新的“视听结合”服务。 最初广播电台这个名词仅包括通过天空传播的免费无线电服务，比如：调幅广播和调频广播；但是它们现在被称为“地面广播电台”。而且随着时间的发展，时至今日，广播电台成为一个泛指一般流媒体音频服务的术语。包括卫星电台、有线电台和网络电台等服务也被包含在内。 Der Hörfunk in den Vereinigten Staaten gliedert sich in eine diverse Radiolandschaft mit über 14.000 lizenzierten Radiostationen. Radio broadcasting in the United States has been used since the early 1920s to distribute news and entertainment to a national audience. In 1923, 1 percent of U.S. households owned at least one radio receiver, while a majority did by 1931 and 75 percent did by 1937. It was the first electronic "mass medium" technology, and its introduction, along with the subsequent development of sound films, ended the print monopoly of mass media. During the Golden Age of Radio it had a major cultural and financial impact on the country. However, the rise of television broadcasting in the 1950s relegated radio to a secondary status, as much of its programming and audience shifted to the new "sight joined with sound" service. Originally the term "radio" only included transmissions freely received over-the-air, such as the AM and FM bands, now commonly called "terrestrial radio". However, the term has evolved to more broadly refer to streaming audio services in general, including subscription satellite, and cable and Internet radio.
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