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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:Universal_history
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Sejarah universal História universal تاريخ كلي Universal history 普遍歷史 普遍史
rdfs:comment
Sejarah universal adalah karya yang bertujuan untuk presentasi sejarah umat manusia secara keseluruhan, suatu unit yang koheren. Kronik universal atau Kronik dunia menelusuri sejarah dari awal informasi tertulis tentang kejadian di masa lalu hingga saat ini. Sejarah universal mencakup peristiwa yang terjadi di sepanjang masa dan negara sejauh tindakan perawatan ilmiah mungkin dilakukan. 普遍歷史(英語:universal history),又稱普遍史、普世歷史、普世史、通史,是旨将全人类历史視為连贯整体的研究。 自十八世紀啟蒙運動以來,西方歷史哲學家與史家試圖為人類歷史提出普遍性的解釋。 西方传统中的普遍历史通常分为三个部分,即古代、中世纪和现代。 在阿拉伯和亚洲的史学中,古代和中世纪时期的划分不那么明显或不存在。一些学者企圖提出普遍歷史的通用解釋,如雅斯培区分轴心时代與西方同期的“古典古代”。 雅斯培提出了更有野心的分期方式——史前史、历史與行星史。 普遍史(ふへんし、英: universal history)とは、叙述の対象をローカルな場から全世界にまで拡大して人類創世から同時代にいたる人類史を叙述する類型のこと。 キリスト教世界においては、聖書が叙述する内容に基づくキリスト教的史観から構成された世界史である。それは天地創造に始まり最後の審判で終わる、未来をも含む有限の時間軸を範囲とし、空間的にはすべての世界を含んでいる。そこには目的があり、神による人類の教育と、その結果もたらされる救済に至る過程が骨格を成している。 中世ヨーロッパまでは正しい歴史記述と広く認識されていたが、大航海時代や啓蒙思想そして科学の発達などを通じて矛盾する要因が数多くもたらされ崩壊を迎えた。しかし普遍史は、美術や文学などの芸術分野や、また哲学など思想分野にも大きな影響を残した。 A universal history is a work aiming at the presentation of a history of all of mankind as a whole, coherent unit. A universal chronicle or world chronicle typically traces history from the beginning of written information about the past up to the present. Therefore, any work classed as such purportedly attempts to embrace the events of all times and nations in so far as scientific treatment of them is possible. التاريخ الكلي هو عمل يهدف إلى تقديم تاريخ البشرية جمعاء كوحدة متماسكة كاملة. وعادة ما يتتبع السجل الزمني الكلي أو السجل العالمي من بداية المعلومات المكتوبة حول الماضي حتى الوقت الحاضر. لذلك فإن أي عمل مصنف على هذا النحو يُزعم أنه يحاول الإحاطة بأحداث جميع الأزمنة والأمم يجب أن يكون البحث العلمي فيه ممكنًا. A história universal é um gênero de escrita historiográfico marcado por grandes descontinuidades em sua definição. No mundo pré-moderno, autores como Políbio praticavam a história universal enquanto um gênero que entrelaçava a história de diferentes regiões e continentes por meio da conquista romana. Dentro da tradição cristã a unidade histórica foi pensada através da providência divina, que organizava o movimento histórico. A origem cristã comum e a história providencial, durante a Idade Moderna, foram substituídas como eixo central da narrativa historiográfica pelo planeta, onde os acontecimentos de todos os países e povos conhecidos nos diversos continentes deveriam ser narrados.
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A universal history is a work aiming at the presentation of a history of all of mankind as a whole, coherent unit. A universal chronicle or world chronicle typically traces history from the beginning of written information about the past up to the present. Therefore, any work classed as such purportedly attempts to embrace the events of all times and nations in so far as scientific treatment of them is possible. Universal history in the Western tradition is commonly divided into three parts, viz. ancient, medieval, and modern time. The division on ancient and medieval periods is less sharp or absent in the Arabic and Asian historiographies. A synoptic view of universal history led some scholars, beginning with Karl Jaspers, to distinguish the Axial Age synchronous to "classical antiquity" of the Western tradition. Jaspers also proposed a more universal periodization—prehistory, history and planetary history. All distinguished earlier periods belong to the second period (history) which is a relatively brief transitory phase between two much longer periods. 普遍歷史(英語:universal history),又稱普遍史、普世歷史、普世史、通史,是旨将全人类历史視為连贯整体的研究。 自十八世紀啟蒙運動以來,西方歷史哲學家與史家試圖為人類歷史提出普遍性的解釋。 西方传统中的普遍历史通常分为三个部分,即古代、中世纪和现代。 在阿拉伯和亚洲的史学中,古代和中世纪时期的划分不那么明显或不存在。一些学者企圖提出普遍歷史的通用解釋,如雅斯培区分轴心时代與西方同期的“古典古代”。 雅斯培提出了更有野心的分期方式——史前史、历史與行星史。 普遍史(ふへんし、英: universal history)とは、叙述の対象をローカルな場から全世界にまで拡大して人類創世から同時代にいたる人類史を叙述する類型のこと。 キリスト教世界においては、聖書が叙述する内容に基づくキリスト教的史観から構成された世界史である。それは天地創造に始まり最後の審判で終わる、未来をも含む有限の時間軸を範囲とし、空間的にはすべての世界を含んでいる。そこには目的があり、神による人類の教育と、その結果もたらされる救済に至る過程が骨格を成している。 中世ヨーロッパまでは正しい歴史記述と広く認識されていたが、大航海時代や啓蒙思想そして科学の発達などを通じて矛盾する要因が数多くもたらされ崩壊を迎えた。しかし普遍史は、美術や文学などの芸術分野や、また哲学など思想分野にも大きな影響を残した。 Sejarah universal adalah karya yang bertujuan untuk presentasi sejarah umat manusia secara keseluruhan, suatu unit yang koheren. Kronik universal atau Kronik dunia menelusuri sejarah dari awal informasi tertulis tentang kejadian di masa lalu hingga saat ini. Sejarah universal mencakup peristiwa yang terjadi di sepanjang masa dan negara sejauh tindakan perawatan ilmiah mungkin dilakukan. Sejarah universal dalam tradisi Barat umumnya dibagi menjadi tiga bagian yaitu: kuno, abad pertengahan, dan modern waktu. Pembagian pada periode kuno dan abad pertengahan kurang tajam atau tidak ada dalam historiografi Arab dan Asia. Pandangan sinoptik tentang sejarah universal membuat beberapa sarjana, mulai dengan Karl Jaspers, untuk membedakan sinkron dengan "zaman klasik" dari tradisi Barat. Jaspers juga mengusulkan periodisasi yang lebih universal — prasejarah, sejarah, dan sejarah planet. Semua periode sebelumnya yang terkenal sebenarnya adalah bagian dari periode kedua (sejarah) yang merupakan fase sementara yang relatif singkat antara dua periode yang jauh lebih lama. التاريخ الكلي هو عمل يهدف إلى تقديم تاريخ البشرية جمعاء كوحدة متماسكة كاملة. وعادة ما يتتبع السجل الزمني الكلي أو السجل العالمي من بداية المعلومات المكتوبة حول الماضي حتى الوقت الحاضر. لذلك فإن أي عمل مصنف على هذا النحو يُزعم أنه يحاول الإحاطة بأحداث جميع الأزمنة والأمم يجب أن يكون البحث العلمي فيه ممكنًا. ينقسم التاريخ الكلي في التقليد الغربي عادة إلى ثلاثة أجزاء، بمعنى العصور القديمة والوسطى والحديثة. ويعتبر التقسيم في العصور القديمة والوسطى أقل وضوحًا أو غائبًا في التأريخ العربي والآسيوي. وقد أدت النظرة الشاملة للتاريخ الكلي إلى قيام بعض العلماء، بدءًا من كارل ياسبرس، بتمييز العصر المحوري المتزامن مع «العصور القديمة الكلاسيكية» للتقاليد الغربية. واقترح ياسبرس أيضًا فترة زمنية أكثر شمولية - عصور ما قبل التاريخ والتاريخ والتاريخ الأرضي. وتنتمي جميع الفترات السابقة المتميزة إلى الفترة الثانية (التاريخ) وهي مرحلة انتقالية قصيرة نسبيًا بين فترتين أطول بكثير. A história universal é um gênero de escrita historiográfico marcado por grandes descontinuidades em sua definição. No mundo pré-moderno, autores como Políbio praticavam a história universal enquanto um gênero que entrelaçava a história de diferentes regiões e continentes por meio da conquista romana. Dentro da tradição cristã a unidade histórica foi pensada através da providência divina, que organizava o movimento histórico. A origem cristã comum e a história providencial, durante a Idade Moderna, foram substituídas como eixo central da narrativa historiográfica pelo planeta, onde os acontecimentos de todos os países e povos conhecidos nos diversos continentes deveriam ser narrados.
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