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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:Community_Mental_Health_Act
rdf:type
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rdfs:label
Community Mental Health Act
rdfs:comment
The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 (CMHA) (also known as the Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act, Mental Retardation Facilities and Construction Act, Public Law 88-164, or the Mental Retardation and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act of 1963) was an act to provide federal funding for community mental health centers and research facilities in the United States. This legislation was passed as part of John F. Kennedy's New Frontier. It led to considerable deinstitutionalization.
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dbp:titleAmended
42
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dbo:thumbnail
n5:John_F._Kennedy_Signs_the_Community_Mental_Health_Act_-_ST-C376-2-63.jpg?width=300
dbp:citePublicLaw
88
dbp:conferencedate
1963-10-21
dbp:effectiveDate
1963-10-31
dbp:introducedby
J. Lister Hill
dbp:introduceddate
1963-05-21
dbp:introducedin
Senate
dbp:passedbody
Senate House
dbp:passeddate
1963-10-21 1963-05-27 1963-09-10
dbp:passedvote
agreed 299 72 335
dbp:publicLawUrl
n7:STATUTE-77-Pg282.pdf
dbp:shorttitle
Community Mental Health Act
dbp:signeddate
1963-10-31
dbp:signedpresident
dbr:John_F._Kennedy
dbp:committees
dbr:United_States_House_Committee_on_Energy_and_Commerce dbr:United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Health,_Education,_Labor_and_Pensions
dbp:enactedBy
88
dbp:nickname
Community Mental Health Act of 1963
dbo:abstract
The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 (CMHA) (also known as the Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act, Mental Retardation Facilities and Construction Act, Public Law 88-164, or the Mental Retardation and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act of 1963) was an act to provide federal funding for community mental health centers and research facilities in the United States. This legislation was passed as part of John F. Kennedy's New Frontier. It led to considerable deinstitutionalization. In 1955, Congress passed the Mental Health Study Act, leading to the establishment of the Joint Commission on Mental Illness and Mental Health. That Commission issued a report in 1961, which would become the basis of the 1963 Act. The CMHA provided grants to states for the establishment of local mental health centers, under the overview of the National Institute of Mental Health. The NIH also conducted a study involving adequacy in mental health issues. The purpose of the CMHA was to build mental health centers to provide for community-based care, as an alternative to institutionalization. At the centers, patients could be treated while working and living at home. Only half of the proposed centers were ever built; none was fully funded, and the act didn't provide money to operate them long-term. Some states closed expensive state hospitals, but never spent money to establish community-based care. Deinstitutionalization accelerated after the adoption of Medicaid in 1965. During the Reagan administration, the remaining funding for the act was converted into a mental-health block grants for states. Since the CMHA was enacted, 90 percent of beds have been cut at state hospitals, but they have not been replaced by community resources. The CMHA proved to be a mixed success. Many patients, formerly warehoused in institutions, were released into the community. However, not all communities have had the facilities or expertise to deal with them. In many cases, patients wound up in adult homes or with their families, or homeless in large cities, and without the mental health care they needed. Without community support, mentally ill have more trouble getting treatment, maintaining medication regimens, and supporting themselves. They make up a large proportion of the homeless and an increasing proportion of people in jail.
dbp:longtitle
An Act to provide assistance in combating mental retardation through grants for construction of research centers and grants for facilities for the mentally retarded and assistance in improving mental health through grants for construction of community mental health centers, and for other purposes.
dbp:othershorttitles
Mental Retardation and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act of 1963
dbp:sectionsCreated
-9519060.0 §§ 2661-2666 §§ 2670-2677c -2.313792E8 §§ 2691, 2692, 2693-2697b §§ 2698-2698b
gold:hypernym
dbr:Act
prov:wasDerivedFrom
wikipedia-en:Community_Mental_Health_Act?oldid=1099215589&ns=0
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13540
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wikipedia-en:Community_Mental_Health_Act