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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:Competition_regulator
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Антимонопольний комітет 경쟁규제기관 Αρχή προστασίας ανταγωνισμού Competition regulator Mededingingsautoriteit Wettbewerbsbehörde Антимонопольный орган
rdfs:comment
Eine Wettbewerbsbehörde, auch Kartellbehörde, Kartellamt oder Wettbewerbshüter genannt, ist eine regulierend tätige Behörde mit der Aufgabe, negative Auswirkungen von Machtkonzentrationen auf Märkten zu bekämpfen. Rechtliche Grundlage der Tätigkeit der Wettbewerbsbehörde bildet das Kartellrecht. Entsprechende Behörden existieren in nahezu allen Ländern mit marktwirtschaftlicher Wirtschaftsweise. Von der Wettbewerbsbehörde zu unterscheiden sind die in verschiedenen Wirtschaftsbereichen bestehenden spezifischen Regulierungsbehörden. Η Αρχή Προστασίας Ανταγωνισμού ή απλά Αρχή/Επιτροπή Ανταγωνισμού είναι σε πολλές ανεπτυγμένες οικονομίες μια ανεξάρτητη αρχή που φροντίζει για την τήρηση των κανόνων του ανταγωνισμού. Η πρώτη στην ιστορία είναι η αμερικανική Federal Trade Commission δημιουργήθηκε το 1914 σαν απάντηση στην αυξανόμενη δύναμη μονοπωλίων και καρτέλ στις ΗΠΑ. Антимонопольный орган — официальная правительственная организация, регулирующая рынки с целью поддержания свободной конкуренции в производстве и продаже товаров и услуг, недопущения злоупотребления рыночной (монопольной) властью и ограничение согласованных действий (заключение картельных соглашений). Сотрудничество антимонопольных органов разных стран осуществляется в рамках международных организаций, таких, например, как , , ОЭСР и т. д. Антимонопо́льний коміте́т — офіційна урядова організація, яка регулює ринки з метою підтримання вільної конкуренції у виробництві та продажі товарів та послуг, та недопущення встановлення монополії на ринку. Першим в історії прикладом антимонопольного регулювання ринків державою було прийняття Антитрастового акту Шермана в 1890 році в США. Тим не менше, цей акт не вдавалось втілити у життя до 1904 року через потужне лобіювання великих бізнесових корпорацій. Антимонопольний комітет України був створений 26 листопада 1993 року. Een mededingingsautoriteit is een overheidsdienst die de economische mededinging beschermt door te waken over de naleving van de wetgeving ter zake, mededingingswetten genaamd. De mededingingsautoriteiten verschillen sterk in de mate van handhaving hiervan. De meeste mededingingsautoriteiten controleren fusies, allianties, kartels en economische machtsposities zoals monopolies. Ook de naamgeving verschilt sterk; in Nederlandse vertaling komen in plaats van ‘autoriteit’ ook woorden voor als ‘dienst’ of ‘commissie’, terwijl in plaats van ‘mededinging’ ook woorden als ‘kartel’ worden gebruikt. ( 이 문서는 공정거래위원회에 관한 것입니다. 대한민국의 경쟁규제기관에 대해서는 대한민국 공정거래위원회 문서를 참고하십시오.) 경쟁규제기관(競爭規制機關)은 정해진 법률에 따라 행정법 및 경쟁법, 소비자보호법을 집행하는 이다. 일반적으로 경쟁법을 시행하는 국가에서는 시장의 경쟁에 대한 허용 기준을 정한 표준 약관이 존재하며, 각국의 상황에 따라 경쟁법을 적용하는 기준은 차이가 있다. 때때로 경쟁규제기관은 기업간의 인수 합병 절차 및 을 규제하는 역할을 담당하며, 기업의 담합과 독점 행위를 방지하기도 한다. 또한 경쟁법에 의거해 기업 활동에 영향을 미치는 일을 시행하기도 한다. 이외에도 경제 협력 개발 기구와 같은 초국가적인 경쟁규제기관이 존재한다. A competition regulator is the institution that oversees the functioning of the markets. And the Law in which it takes cognizance of situations having any type of impediments and distortions on the markets and correct them is the competition law (also known as antitrust law). In general it is a government agency, typically a statutory authority, sometimes called an economic regulator, that regulates and enforces competition laws and may sometimes also enforce consumer protection laws. In addition to such agencies, there is often another body responsible for formulating competition policy.
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Антимонопольный орган — официальная правительственная организация, регулирующая рынки с целью поддержания свободной конкуренции в производстве и продаже товаров и услуг, недопущения злоупотребления рыночной (монопольной) властью и ограничение согласованных действий (заключение картельных соглашений). Антимонопольные органы могут обладать двумя основными видами полномочий . Во-первых, орган может быть уполномочен не допускать концентрации рыночной власти (запрет на слияние, принудительное разделение крупных фирм). Во-вторых, орган может быть уполномочен контролировать деятельность крупных фирм с тем, чтобы не допустить злоупотребления рыночной властью и предупредить вступление участников рынка в сговор друг с другом. Правовой основой антимонопольных ведомств является антимонопольное законодательство. Антимонопольные органы существуют почти во всех странах с рыночной экономикой. Сотрудничество антимонопольных органов разных стран осуществляется в рамках международных организаций, таких, например, как , , ОЭСР и т. д. Первый в современной истории антимонопольный закон был принят в 1889 году в Канаде. Годом позже в США был принят Акт Шермана. В России функции антимонопольного органа выполняет Федеральная антимонопольная служба, деятельность которой регулируется законом "О защите конкуренции". Η Αρχή Προστασίας Ανταγωνισμού ή απλά Αρχή/Επιτροπή Ανταγωνισμού είναι σε πολλές ανεπτυγμένες οικονομίες μια ανεξάρτητη αρχή που φροντίζει για την τήρηση των κανόνων του ανταγωνισμού. Η πρώτη στην ιστορία είναι η αμερικανική Federal Trade Commission δημιουργήθηκε το 1914 σαν απάντηση στην αυξανόμενη δύναμη μονοπωλίων και καρτέλ στις ΗΠΑ. A competition regulator is the institution that oversees the functioning of the markets. And the Law in which it takes cognizance of situations having any type of impediments and distortions on the markets and correct them is the competition law (also known as antitrust law). In general it is a government agency, typically a statutory authority, sometimes called an economic regulator, that regulates and enforces competition laws and may sometimes also enforce consumer protection laws. In addition to such agencies, there is often another body responsible for formulating competition policy. Many nations implement competition laws, and there is general agreement on acceptable standards of behaviour. The degree to which countries enforce their competition policy varies substantially. Competition regulators may also regulate certain aspects of mergers and acquisitions and business alliances and regulate or prohibit cartels and monopolies. Other government agencies may have responsibilities in relation to aspects of competition law that affect companies (e.g., the registrar of companies). Regulators may form supranational or international alliances like the ECN (European Competition Network), the ICN (International Competition Network), and the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). Антимонопо́льний коміте́т — офіційна урядова організація, яка регулює ринки з метою підтримання вільної конкуренції у виробництві та продажі товарів та послуг, та недопущення встановлення монополії на ринку. Першим в історії прикладом антимонопольного регулювання ринків державою було прийняття Антитрастового акту Шермана в 1890 році в США. Тим не менше, цей акт не вдавалось втілити у життя до 1904 року через потужне лобіювання великих бізнесових корпорацій. Антимонопольний комітет України був створений 26 листопада 1993 року. Eine Wettbewerbsbehörde, auch Kartellbehörde, Kartellamt oder Wettbewerbshüter genannt, ist eine regulierend tätige Behörde mit der Aufgabe, negative Auswirkungen von Machtkonzentrationen auf Märkten zu bekämpfen. Rechtliche Grundlage der Tätigkeit der Wettbewerbsbehörde bildet das Kartellrecht. Entsprechende Behörden existieren in nahezu allen Ländern mit marktwirtschaftlicher Wirtschaftsweise. Von der Wettbewerbsbehörde zu unterscheiden sind die in verschiedenen Wirtschaftsbereichen bestehenden spezifischen Regulierungsbehörden. Ursache für die Schaffung von Wettbewerbsbehörden bildet die Überlegung, dass Machtkonzentrationen als Form von Marktversagen zu volkswirtschaftlich ineffizientem Ressourceneinsatz sowie zu unerwünschten Verteilungswirkungen führen können. Die Aufgaben und Kompetenzen der Wettbewerbsbehörden sind in verschiedenen Staaten oft sehr ähnlich geregelt: Eine Wettbewerbsbehörde kann üblicherweise unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen Kartelle, Unternehmenszusammenschlüsse und den Missbrauch von marktbeherrschenden Stellungen untersagen sowie Geldstrafen verhängen. Wettbewerbsbehörden zahlreicher Länder tauschen ihre Erfahrungen in Organisationen wie der Europäischen Wettbewerbsbehörde, dem Europäischen Wettbewerbsnetz, dem International Competition Network oder der OECD aus. Een mededingingsautoriteit is een overheidsdienst die de economische mededinging beschermt door te waken over de naleving van de wetgeving ter zake, mededingingswetten genaamd. De mededingingsautoriteiten verschillen sterk in de mate van handhaving hiervan. De meeste mededingingsautoriteiten controleren fusies, allianties, kartels en economische machtsposities zoals monopolies. Ook de naamgeving verschilt sterk; in Nederlandse vertaling komen in plaats van ‘autoriteit’ ook woorden voor als ‘dienst’ of ‘commissie’, terwijl in plaats van ‘mededinging’ ook woorden als ‘kartel’ worden gebruikt. Op Europees niveau is het actief, wereldwijd het en de Organisatie voor Economische Samenwerking en Ontwikkeling (OESO). In Nederland kent men de Autoriteit Consument en Markt (ACM, opvolger van onder meer de Nederlandse Mededingingsautoriteit) voor dit doel. In België is dit de Belgische Mededingingsautoriteit (de vroegere Raad voor de Mededinging). ( 이 문서는 공정거래위원회에 관한 것입니다. 대한민국의 경쟁규제기관에 대해서는 대한민국 공정거래위원회 문서를 참고하십시오.) 경쟁규제기관(競爭規制機關)은 정해진 법률에 따라 행정법 및 경쟁법, 소비자보호법을 집행하는 이다. 일반적으로 경쟁법을 시행하는 국가에서는 시장의 경쟁에 대한 허용 기준을 정한 표준 약관이 존재하며, 각국의 상황에 따라 경쟁법을 적용하는 기준은 차이가 있다. 때때로 경쟁규제기관은 기업간의 인수 합병 절차 및 을 규제하는 역할을 담당하며, 기업의 담합과 독점 행위를 방지하기도 한다. 또한 경쟁법에 의거해 기업 활동에 영향을 미치는 일을 시행하기도 한다. 이외에도 경제 협력 개발 기구와 같은 초국가적인 경쟁규제기관이 존재한다.
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