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Statements

Subject Item
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rdfs:label
Контргерилья Counter-Guerrilla
rdfs:comment
Counter-Guerrilla (Turkish: Kontrgerilla) is the Turkish branch of Operation Gladio, a clandestine stay-behind anti-communist initiative backed by the United States as an expression of the Truman Doctrine. The founding goal of the operation was to erect a stay-behind guerrilla force to undermine a possible Soviet occupation. The goal was soon expanded to subverting communism in Turkey. «Контргерилья» (тур. Kontrgerilla) — турецкая часть натовской антисоветской операции «Гладио», которая заключалась в постепенном формировании антикоммунистического подполья на территории Турции, исповедовавшего идеологию праворадикального национализма с элементами воинствующего пантюркизма. Боевое крыло подполья основывалось на военизированных организациях, члены которых регулярно проходили специальную подготовку в военно-тренировочных лагерях под управлением инструкторов НАТО. Инициатива разработки турецкого направления в рамках антисоветской экспансии находилась в соответствии с ключевой внешнеполитической концепцией США, сформированной в доктрине Трумэна.
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dbpedia-sh:Kontrgerilla dbpedia-ru:Контргерилья yago-res:Counter-Guerrilla freebase:m.04q00fm wikidata:Q4817926 dbpedia-tr:Kontrgerilla dbpedia-fa:ضد_گریلا n22:4TmnW dbpedia-az:Əks-partizan
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dbpedia-fr:Stay-behind
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dbo:abstract
Counter-Guerrilla (Turkish: Kontrgerilla) is the Turkish branch of Operation Gladio, a clandestine stay-behind anti-communist initiative backed by the United States as an expression of the Truman Doctrine. The founding goal of the operation was to erect a stay-behind guerrilla force to undermine a possible Soviet occupation. The goal was soon expanded to subverting communism in Turkey. The Counter-Guerrilla initially operated out of the Turkish Armed Forces' Tactical Mobilization Group (Turkish: Seferberlik Taktik Kurulu, or STK). In 1967, the STK was renamed to the Special Warfare Department (Turkish: Özel Harp Dairesi, ÖHD). In 1994, the ÖHD became the Special Forces Command (Turkish: Özel Kuvvetler Komutanlığı, ÖKK). In Turkey there is a popular belief that the Counter-Guerrilla are responsible for numerous unsolved acts of violence, and have exerted great influence over the country's Cold War history, most notably for engendering the military coups of 1971 and 1980. The military accepts that the ÖKK is tasked with subverting a possible occupation, though it denies that the unit is Gladio's "Counter-Guerrilla", i.e., that it has engaged in black operations. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Counter-Guerrilla were used to fight the militant Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) (cf. Susurluk scandal), which has since its inception been regarded as a major threat by the deep state in Turkey. Mehmet Ali Agca was part of the group in the late 1970s. Counter-Guerilla's existence was revealed in 1971 by survivors of the , and officially on 26 September 1973 by Prime Minister Bülent Ecevit. The subject has been broached by parliament at least 27 times since 1990, however no successful investigation has taken place. Deputies of the incumbent party in any given administration always voted in dissent. «Контргерилья» (тур. Kontrgerilla) — турецкая часть натовской антисоветской операции «Гладио», которая заключалась в постепенном формировании антикоммунистического подполья на территории Турции, исповедовавшего идеологию праворадикального национализма с элементами воинствующего пантюркизма. Боевое крыло подполья основывалось на военизированных организациях, члены которых регулярно проходили специальную подготовку в военно-тренировочных лагерях под управлением инструкторов НАТО. Инициатива разработки турецкого направления в рамках антисоветской экспансии находилась в соответствии с ключевой внешнеполитической концепцией США, сформированной в доктрине Трумэна. Главной целью этой операции было создание сил «герильи», способных противостоять распространению и (желательно) в приграничных с ней регионах (в американском дискурсе времён Холодной войны при оправдании формирования такого турецкого подполья использовался речевой оборот «необходимость противостояния возможному советскому вторжению»). Через какое-то время возобладала новая идеологическая установка на «недопущение победы коммунизма в Турции». «Контргерилья» в своей практике использовала против политических противников физическое насилие и пытки. Также преследовались курдские политические деятели коммунистической направленности.
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