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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:Earl_Warren
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Earl Warren Earl Warren 厄尔·沃伦 Earl Warren Earl Warren Earl Warren アール・ウォーレン Earl Warren Earl Warren 얼 워런 Earl Warren Earl Warren Earl Warren Earl Warren إيرل وارين Earl Warren Уоррен, Эрл Ерл Воррен
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Earl Warren (ur. 19 marca 1891 w Los Angeles, zm. 9 lipca 1974 w Waszyngtonie) – amerykański polityk i prawnik, prezes Sądu Najwyższego Stanów Zjednoczonych. إيرل وارين (بالإنجليزية: Earl Warren)‏ (19 مارس 1891 - 9 يوليو 1974) كان قاضي وسياسي أمريكي شغل منصب حاكم كاليفورنيا الثلاثين بين عامي 1943-1953 وفيما بعد عين رئيس المحكمة العليا الرابع عشر للولايات المتحدة بين عامي 1953-1969. وارن هو الشخص الوحيد الذي تم انتخابه حاكما لولاية كاليفورنيا لثلاث ولايات متتالية، وبهذه المرات الثلاث يأتي وارن في المرتبة الثانية بعد جيري براون عدد مرات الفوز في انتخابات حكام ولاية كاليفورنيا. وقبل أن يشغل هذا المنصب، كان النائب العام في مقاطعة ألاميدا والنائب العام لولاية كاليفورنيا. Эрл Уо́ррен (англ. Earl Warren; 19 марта 1891 — 9 июля 1974) — четырнадцатый председатель Верховного суда США, занимавший этот пост с 1953 по 1969 год, и единственный человек, трижды подряд избиравшийся губернатором Калифорнии. За время председательства Уоррена Верховный суд принял несколько фундаментальных решений, касавшихся сегрегации, уголовно-процессуального права и некоторых других сфер. Уоррен считается одной из наиболее выдающихся фигур в истории Верховного суда США. В 1963—1964 годах Уоррен возглавлял комиссию, которая расследовала убийство президента страны Джона Кеннеди. Считается одним из самых влиятельных судей Верховного суда и политических лидеров в истории Соединенных Штатов. アール・ウォーレン（英語：Earl Warren、1891年3月19日 - 1974年7月9日）は、アメリカ合衆国の政治家、法律家、法学者。カリフォルニア州地方検事、同州知事、連邦最高裁判所長官を歴任した。1948年アメリカ合衆国大統領選挙での共和党の副大統領候補であった。 Earl Warren (Los Angeles, 19 de março de 1891 — Whashington, 9 de julho de 1974) foi político e jurista americano que serviu como governador da Califórnia entre 1943 e 1953 e Chefe de Justiça dos Estados Unidos de 5 de outubro de 1953 a 23 de junho de 1969. Ele é geralmente considerado um dos juízes e líderes políticos da Suprema Corte mais influentes da história dos Estados Unidos. Foi Earl Warren que presidiu à Comissão Warren, que investigou o Assassinato de John F. Kennedy. Earl Warren (19 Maret 1891 – 9 Juli 1974) adalah seorang politikus dan Yuris Amerika yang menjabat sebagai Gubernur California dari tahun 1943 hingga tahun 1953 dan juga merupakan Ketua Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat. Pengadilan Warren telah mengalami perubahan konstitusional yuriprudensi yang besar, yang banyak diakui oleh banyak orang sebagai "Revolusi Konstitusional" , dengan Warren secara mayoritas menulis pendapat dalam kasus penting seperti Brown v. Board of Education, (1964), Miranda v. Arizona (1966) dan Loving v. Virginia. Warren juga memimpin Komisi Warren, yaitu sebuah yang telah menginvestigasi pembunuhan Presiden John F. Kennedy. Ia merupakan Ketua Mahkamah Agung terakhir yang menjabat sebagai jabatan terpilih sebelum menjadi Mahkamah Agung, dan secara umum merupakan Hakim A Earl Warren (19 mars 1891 – 9 juillet 1974) est un juriste et un homme politique américain, trentième gouverneur de Californie, candidat républicain à la vice-présidence des États-Unis en 1948 et enfin quatorzième président (Chief Justice) de la Cour suprême des États-Unis. Il est généralement considéré comme l'un des juges et des dirigeants politiques les plus influents de la Cour suprême de l'histoire des États-Unis. Earl Warren, född 19 mars 1891 i Los Angeles, Kalifornien, död 9 juli 1974 i Washington, D.C., var en amerikansk politiker och jurist som var guvernör för delstaten Kalifornien 1943-1953 och chefsdomare i USA:s högsta domstol 1953-1969. Warren är främst känd för att ha varit ordförande i, och givit namn åt, den kommission som tillsatts för att utreda mordet på USA:s president John F. Kennedy 1963 - Warrenkommissionen. Earl Warren (March 19, 1891 – July 9, 1974) was an American attorney, politician, and jurist who served as the 14th Chief Justice of the United States from 1953 to 1969. The Warren Court presided over a major shift in American constitutional jurisprudence, which has been recognized by many as a "Constitutional Revolution" in the liberal direction, with Warren writing the majority opinions in landmark cases such as Brown v. Board of Education (1954), Reynolds v. Sims (1964), Miranda v. Arizona (1966) and Loving v. Virginia (1967). Warren also led the Warren Commission, a presidential commission that investigated the 1963 assassination of President John F. Kennedy. Warren also served as Governor of California from 1943 to 1953, and is the last chief justice to have served in an elected offic Earl Warren (Los Angeles, 19 marzo 1891 – Washington, 9 luglio 1974) è stato un giudice e politico statunitense, governatore della California dal 1943 al 1953 e presidente della Corte Suprema americana dal 1953 al 1969. Il suo mandato fu caratterizzato da numerose decisioni che segnarono la storia politica e sociale del paese: lo status legale della segregazione razziale, i diritti civili, la laicità dello stato, e le procedure di arresto. È generalmente considerato uno dei più influenti giudici della Corte Suprema nella storia degli Stati Uniti. Earl Warren (Los Angeles (Californië), 19 maart 1891 - Washington D.C., 9 juli 1974) was een Amerikaans openbaar aanklager in Californië, later de 30e gouverneur van Californië en de 14e opperrechter van het Amerikaanse Hooggerechtshof. Onder zijn bewind (1953-1969) stonden zaken als de legaliteit van segregatie, burgerrechten, scheiding van kerk en staat en de zogenaamde cautie centraal. Hij wordt algemeen beschouwd als een van de meest invloedrijke rechters van het Hooggerechtshof en politieke leiders in de geschiedenis van de Verenigde Staten. Earl Warren (* 19. März 1891 in Los Angeles, Kalifornien; † 9. Juli 1974 in Washington, D.C.) war ein amerikanischer Jurist und Politiker. Er amtierte von 1943 bis 1953 als Gouverneur von Kalifornien und von 1953 bis 1969 als Oberster US-Bundesrichter (Chief Justice of the United States). In dieser Funktion war er an vielen kontroversen und bemerkenswerten juristischen Entscheidungen beteiligt, insbesondere zur Aufhebung der Rassentrennung an den Schulen und zur Stärkung der Bürgerrechte. Außerdem ist er bekannt als Vorsitzender der Warren-Kommission zur Aufklärung des Attentats auf John F. Kennedy. Er gilt allgemein als einer der einflussreichsten Richter und politischen Führer des Obersten Gerichtshofs in der Geschichte der Vereinigten Staaten. Earl Warren (19. března 1891 Los Angeles, Kalifornie – 9. července 1974 Washington, D.C.) byl americký právník a politik. V letech 1938–1942 působil v Kalifornii jako nejvyšší státní zástupce, 1943–1953 jako 30. guvernér státu Kalifornie; 1953–1969 byl předsedou Nejvyššího soudu USA. Roku 1948 neúspěšně kandidoval za republikány na viceprezidenta USA. Roku 1952 kandidoval za republikány na funkci prezidenta USA, opět neúspěšně. Posléze podporoval republikány při kandidatuře na funkci prezidenta USA Dwighta Eisenhowera. Rezignoval v roce 1969. 얼 워런(Earl Warren, 1891년 3월 19일 ~ 1974년 7월 9일)은 미국의 법조인·정치인이다. 그는 일반적으로 미국 역사상 가장 영향력있는 대법원 판사 및 정치 지도자 중 한 명으로 간주된다. 캘리포니아주 의회 법사위원회 직원, 오클랜드 시 지방 검사 등을 거쳐 공화당 소속으로 1939년 ~ 1943년 캘리포니아주 법무장관을 지냈다. 1942년 캘리포니아 주지사 선거에 출마하여 당선되었다. 1948년 대통령 선거에서 공화당 부통령 후보로 출마했으나, 낙선했다. 주지사 선거에는 1946년, 1950년 연달아 당선, 계속 주지사로 재직했으며, 10년간 주지사 자리에 있으면서 역대 캘리포니아 주지사 중 가장 오랫동안 재직한 기록을 남겼다. (2위는 로널드 레이건) 인종차별문제와 범죄혐의자의 인권개선에 새로운 계기를 마련한 대법원장으로 많은 존경을 받고 있다. Ерл Воррен (англ. Earl Warren; 19 березня 1891—9 липня 1974) — 14-й голова Верховного суду США у 1953–1969 роках. Призначений президентом Ейзенхауером. Був генеральним прокурором і губернатором Каліфорнії (тричі). 1954 року Ерл Воррен оголосив знамениту ухвалу у справі Браун проти Ради у справах освіти, якою була заборонена расова сегрегація в шкільництві. Earl Warren (Los Ángeles, 19 de marzo de 1891–Washington D. C., 9 de julio de 1974) fue un jurista y político estadounidense. Entre 1943 y 1953, fue gobernador de California y candidato a la vicepresidencia de los Estados Unidos en 1948. Fue el 14°. Presidente de la Corte Suprema de los Estados Unidos, desde el 5 de octubre de 1953 hasta el 23 de junio de 1969 en el período presidencial de Dwight D. Eisenhower. En 1964 fue presidente de la comisión encargada de investigar el asesinato de John Fitzgerald Kennedy, la llamada Comisión Warren. Generalmente se lo considera uno de los jueces y líderes políticos más influyentes de la Corte Suprema en la historia de los Estados Unidos.​​​​​​ 厄尔·沃伦（英語：Earl Warren，1891年3月19日－1974年7月9日），美国著名政治家、法学家，第14任美国首席大法官（1953年-1969年）、第30任美国加利福尼亚州州长（1943年-1953年）。 他也曾担任沃伦委员会的主席，负责调查1963年肯尼迪总统遇刺案。 截止目前為止，沃倫是最后一位曾在政府内担任过要职的美国首席大法官，他被广泛视为美国历史上最具影响力的首席大法官和政治领袖之一，其主政下的美国最高法院（沃伦法院）主导了美国近代史上一场划时代的自由主义“宪政革命”。 沃伦出生于美国洛杉矶，在加州的贝克斯菲尔德长大，毕业于伯克利加州大学，先后获得本科学位（1912年）及法律博士学位（1914年）。 1920-1943年间，他先后担任旧金山湾区奥克兰市副检察官、阿拉米达县地方检察官、加州检察总长等职务，是加州共和黨的领导人之一。1943年他就职第30任加州州长，并于1946年及1951年连续两次成功连任，是历史上唯一一位连任三届的加州州长。 在沃伦担任州长期间，加州的经济迅速发展，以加州大学为首的公立大学体系日趋完善，州内的种族隔离逐渐瓦解，而沃伦也参加了1945年的联合国国际组织会议、见证了《联合国宪章》在加州旧金山的签署。 Earl Warren (Los Angeles, 19 de març de 1891 - Washington D.C., 9 de juliol de 1974), fou un jurista i polític dels Estats Units, trentè governador de Califòrnia, candidat del partit republicà a la vicepresidència dels Estats Units i catorzè president del Tribunal Suprem dels Estats Units. Va presidir també la comissió d'investigació sobre l'assassinat del president Kennedy.
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Earl Warren
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n20:Earl_Warren.jpg?width=300
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dbr:Dwight_D._Eisenhower
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dbr:Culbert_Olson
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dbr:Arlington_National_Cemetery
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Earl Warren Signature.svg
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right
dbp:allegiance
United States
dbp:birthDate
1891-03-19
dbp:branch
dbr:United_States_Army
dbp:caption
Official portrait, 1953
dbp:children
6
dbp:date
2011-06-13 2007-01-06 2001-11-27
dbp:deathDate
1974-07-09
dbp:description
"Longines Chronoscope with Earl Warren "
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University of California, Berkeley
dbp:id
gov.archives.arc.95746
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20 14 Chair of the California Republican Party District Attorney of Alameda County Governor of California
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30
dbp:party
dbr:Republican_Party_(United_States)
dbp:predecessor
Ezra Decoto dbr:Culbert_Olson dbr:Ulysses_S._Webb dbr:Fred_M._Vinson dbr:Louis_B._Mayer
dbp:quote
The right to vote freely for the candidate of one's choice is of the essence of a democratic society, and any restrictions on that right strike at the heart of representative government. And the right of suffrage can be denied by a debasement or dilution of the weight of a citizen's vote just as effectively as by wholly prohibiting the free exercise of the franchise.
dbp:rank
25
dbp:source
--Chief Justice Earl Warren on the right to vote as the foundation of democracy in Reynolds v. Sims .
dbp:spouse
1925-10-04 Nina Meyers
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padding:8px; border:1px #aaa solid;
dbp:successor
Justus Craemer dbr:Goodwin_Knight dbr:Warren_E._Burger Ralph Hoyt dbr:Robert_W._Kenny
dbp:termEnd
1943-01-04 1938 1939 1953-10-05 1969-06-23
dbp:termStart
1943-01-04 1925 1932 1953-10-05 1939-01-03
dbp:title
Articles related to Earl Warren Offices and distinctions 1946.0 Earl Warren electoral history More information on Earl Warren and his Masonic Career. Oral History Interview with Earl Warren, from the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library
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text-align:center;
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91
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27.0
dbo:abstract
얼 워런(Earl Warren, 1891년 3월 19일 ~ 1974년 7월 9일)은 미국의 법조인·정치인이다. 그는 일반적으로 미국 역사상 가장 영향력있는 대법원 판사 및 정치 지도자 중 한 명으로 간주된다. 캘리포니아주 의회 법사위원회 직원, 오클랜드 시 지방 검사 등을 거쳐 공화당 소속으로 1939년 ~ 1943년 캘리포니아주 법무장관을 지냈다. 1942년 캘리포니아 주지사 선거에 출마하여 당선되었다. 1948년 대통령 선거에서 공화당 부통령 후보로 출마했으나, 낙선했다. 주지사 선거에는 1946년, 1950년 연달아 당선, 계속 주지사로 재직했으며, 10년간 주지사 자리에 있으면서 역대 캘리포니아 주지사 중 가장 오랫동안 재직한 기록을 남겼다. (2위는 로널드 레이건) 드와이트 D. 아이젠하워 대통령은 그를 제14대 연방 대법원장으로 지명, 1953년 10월 주지사 직에서 물러나고 연방 대법원장으로 취임하였다. 대법원장으로 재직하면서 브라운 대 교육위원회 사건에서 공립학교에서의 인종 분리는 위헌이라는 판결을 내어, 종전의 플레시 대 퍼거슨 사건을 폐기시켜 인종 차별 문제의 개선을 유도하게 했으며, 미란다 원칙으로 유명한 판결을 남겼다. 한편 케네디 대통령 암살 사건이 일어난 후, 이 문제를 조사하기 위한 조사위원회가 구성되어 그는 그 위원장으로 임명되었고, 위원회는 "워런 위원회"로 불렸다. 1969년 고령(만78세)으로 대법원장직을 사임했다. 인종차별문제와 범죄혐의자의 인권개선에 새로운 계기를 마련한 대법원장으로 많은 존경을 받고 있다. Earl Warren (Los Ángeles, 19 de marzo de 1891–Washington D. C., 9 de julio de 1974) fue un jurista y político estadounidense. Entre 1943 y 1953, fue gobernador de California y candidato a la vicepresidencia de los Estados Unidos en 1948. Fue el 14°. Presidente de la Corte Suprema de los Estados Unidos, desde el 5 de octubre de 1953 hasta el 23 de junio de 1969 en el período presidencial de Dwight D. Eisenhower. En 1964 fue presidente de la comisión encargada de investigar el asesinato de John Fitzgerald Kennedy, la llamada Comisión Warren. Generalmente se lo considera uno de los jueces y líderes políticos más influyentes de la Corte Suprema en la historia de los Estados Unidos.​​​​​​ Earl Warren (Los Angeles, 19 de març de 1891 - Washington D.C., 9 de juliol de 1974), fou un jurista i polític dels Estats Units, trentè governador de Califòrnia, candidat del partit republicà a la vicepresidència dels Estats Units i catorzè president del Tribunal Suprem dels Estats Units. Durant la seva etapa a la Cort Suprema, es mostra més aviat progressista que conservador, i influí en nombroses decisions, com ara les que declararen la inconstitucionalitat de la segregació racial a les escoles, els drets civils, la separació entre les esglésies i l'Estat i els drets de defensa en el procediment penal. La famosa frase, popularitzada al cinema, «té vostè dret a guardar silenci, qualsevol cosa que digui podrà ser utilitzada en contra seva…» és conseqüència d'aquestes decisions sobre els drets de la persona detinguda. Va presidir també la comissió d'investigació sobre l'assassinat del president Kennedy. إيرل وارين (بالإنجليزية: Earl Warren)‏ (19 مارس 1891 - 9 يوليو 1974) كان قاضي وسياسي أمريكي شغل منصب حاكم كاليفورنيا الثلاثين بين عامي 1943-1953 وفيما بعد عين رئيس المحكمة العليا الرابع عشر للولايات المتحدة بين عامي 1953-1969. عرف وارن بقراراته الليبرالية، وحكم بحظر الفصل العنصري في المدارس العامة وأعاد تشكيل العديد من مجالات القانون الأمريكي، خاصة فيما يتعلق بحقوق المتهمين، وإنهاء الصلوات في المدارس العامة، ألزم بتنفيذ قرار «صوت واحد رجل واحد» بشأن تقسيم الدوائر الانتخابية. جعل وارن من المحكمة العليا مركزًا قياديا على أساس أكثر توافقاً مع الكونغرس والرئاسة، وبالأخص من خلال أربعة قرارات تاريخية: براون ضد مجلس التعليم (1954)، غيديون ضد واينرايت (1963)، رينولدز ضد سيمز (1964)، ميراندا ضد أريزونا (1966). وارن هو الشخص الوحيد الذي تم انتخابه حاكما لولاية كاليفورنيا لثلاث ولايات متتالية، وبهذه المرات الثلاث يأتي وارن في المرتبة الثانية بعد جيري براون عدد مرات الفوز في انتخابات حكام ولاية كاليفورنيا. وقبل أن يشغل هذا المنصب، كان النائب العام في مقاطعة ألاميدا والنائب العام لولاية كاليفورنيا. ترشح وارن لمنصب نائب الرئيس عن الحزب الجمهوري في عام 1948 مع المرشح الرئيسي توماس ادموند ديوي. تم تعيينه لرئاسة ما أصبح يعرف باسم لجنة وارن، التي تشكلت للتحقيق في اغتيال جون كينيدي عام 1963. Earl Warren (Los Angeles, 19 marzo 1891 – Washington, 9 luglio 1974) è stato un giudice e politico statunitense, governatore della California dal 1943 al 1953 e presidente della Corte Suprema americana dal 1953 al 1969. Il suo mandato fu caratterizzato da numerose decisioni che segnarono la storia politica e sociale del paese: lo status legale della segregazione razziale, i diritti civili, la laicità dello stato, e le procedure di arresto. È generalmente considerato uno dei più influenti giudici della Corte Suprema nella storia degli Stati Uniti. 厄尔·沃伦（英語：Earl Warren，1891年3月19日－1974年7月9日），美国著名政治家、法学家，第14任美国首席大法官（1953年-1969年）、第30任美国加利福尼亚州州长（1943年-1953年）。 他也曾担任沃伦委员会的主席，负责调查1963年肯尼迪总统遇刺案。 截止目前為止，沃倫是最后一位曾在政府内担任过要职的美国首席大法官，他被广泛视为美国历史上最具影响力的首席大法官和政治领袖之一，其主政下的美国最高法院（沃伦法院）主导了美国近代史上一场划时代的自由主义“宪政革命”。 沃伦出生于美国洛杉矶，在加州的贝克斯菲尔德长大，毕业于伯克利加州大学，先后获得本科学位（1912年）及法律博士学位（1914年）。 1920-1943年间，他先后担任旧金山湾区奥克兰市副检察官、阿拉米达县地方检察官、加州检察总长等职务，是加州共和黨的领导人之一。1943年他就职第30任加州州长，并于1946年及1951年连续两次成功连任，是历史上唯一一位连任三届的加州州长。 在沃伦担任州长期间，加州的经济迅速发展，以加州大学为首的公立大学体系日趋完善，州内的种族隔离逐渐瓦解，而沃伦也参加了1945年的联合国国际组织会议、见证了《联合国宪章》在加州旧金山的签署。 在1948年美国总统选举中，沃伦作为托马斯·杜威的竞选搭档、参选美国副总统，但杜威最终败给了民主党参选人哈里·杜鲁门；在1952年美国总统选举中，沃伦寻求共和黨的提名参选，但共和党最终提名了德怀特·艾森豪威尔。 1953年，美国第34任当选总统艾森豪威尔任命厄尔·沃伦作为第14任美国最高法院首席大法官。 在担任首席大法官期间，沃伦领导的最高法院成为了美国自由主义、进步主义的堡垒，作出了确立美国“一人一票”民主普选制、禁止种族隔离、推广权利法案、政教分离、逮捕程序改革（米兰达警告）、抗击麦卡锡主义、保障言论自由、保障婚姻自由等众多里程碑式的判决，他还协助废除了美国的种族隔离法——吉姆·克劳法。 1969年6月，厄尔·沃伦从最高法院正式退休，由联邦上诉法院的保守派法官沃伦·厄尔·伯格（）继任首席大法官。 尽管沃伦法院所作的部分判决受到了许多保守派人士的批评，但却获得了民主自由派人士的广泛支持和称赞，而且这些裁决几乎没有被沃伦法院的继任者们所推翻。2006年12月，美国知名杂志《大西洋月刊》将沃伦评为“美国历史上最具影响力的100位人物（The 100 Most Influential Figures in American History）”第29名，也是美国历史上第二有影响力的首席大法官、仅次于约翰·马歇尔。 Earl Warren (19 mars 1891 – 9 juillet 1974) est un juriste et un homme politique américain, trentième gouverneur de Californie, candidat républicain à la vice-présidence des États-Unis en 1948 et enfin quatorzième président (Chief Justice) de la Cour suprême des États-Unis. Il est généralement considéré comme l'un des juges et des dirigeants politiques les plus influents de la Cour suprême de l'histoire des États-Unis. Pendant son office à la Cour suprême, celle-ci rend de nombreux arrêts portant entre autres sur l'inconstitutionnalité de la ségrégation raciale, les droits civiques, la séparation des Églises et de l'État, et les droits de la défense dans la procédure pénale. Il présida aussi la commission d'enquête sur l'assassinat du président Kennedy. Earl Warren (19 Maret 1891 – 9 Juli 1974) adalah seorang politikus dan Yuris Amerika yang menjabat sebagai Gubernur California dari tahun 1943 hingga tahun 1953 dan juga merupakan Ketua Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat. Pengadilan Warren telah mengalami perubahan konstitusional yuriprudensi yang besar, yang banyak diakui oleh banyak orang sebagai "Revolusi Konstitusional" , dengan Warren secara mayoritas menulis pendapat dalam kasus penting seperti Brown v. Board of Education, (1964), Miranda v. Arizona (1966) dan Loving v. Virginia. Warren juga memimpin Komisi Warren, yaitu sebuah yang telah menginvestigasi pembunuhan Presiden John F. Kennedy. Ia merupakan Ketua Mahkamah Agung terakhir yang menjabat sebagai jabatan terpilih sebelum menjadi Mahkamah Agung, dan secara umum merupakan Hakim Agung dan pemimpin politik yang paling berpengaruh dalam sejarah Amerika Serikat. Earl Warren (* 19. März 1891 in Los Angeles, Kalifornien; † 9. Juli 1974 in Washington, D.C.) war ein amerikanischer Jurist und Politiker. Er amtierte von 1943 bis 1953 als Gouverneur von Kalifornien und von 1953 bis 1969 als Oberster US-Bundesrichter (Chief Justice of the United States). In dieser Funktion war er an vielen kontroversen und bemerkenswerten juristischen Entscheidungen beteiligt, insbesondere zur Aufhebung der Rassentrennung an den Schulen und zur Stärkung der Bürgerrechte. Außerdem ist er bekannt als Vorsitzender der Warren-Kommission zur Aufklärung des Attentats auf John F. Kennedy. Er gilt allgemein als einer der einflussreichsten Richter und politischen Führer des Obersten Gerichtshofs in der Geschichte der Vereinigten Staaten. Ерл Воррен (англ. Earl Warren; 19 березня 1891—9 липня 1974) — 14-й голова Верховного суду США у 1953–1969 роках. Призначений президентом Ейзенхауером. Був генеральним прокурором і губернатором Каліфорнії (тричі). 1954 року Ерл Воррен оголосив знамениту ухвалу у справі Браун проти Ради у справах освіти, якою була заборонена расова сегрегація в шкільництві. Earl Warren, född 19 mars 1891 i Los Angeles, Kalifornien, död 9 juli 1974 i Washington, D.C., var en amerikansk politiker och jurist som var guvernör för delstaten Kalifornien 1943-1953 och chefsdomare i USA:s högsta domstol 1953-1969. Warren är främst känd för att ha varit ordförande i, och givit namn åt, den kommission som tillsatts för att utreda mordet på USA:s president John F. Kennedy 1963 - Warrenkommissionen. Earl Warren (March 19, 1891 – July 9, 1974) was an American attorney, politician, and jurist who served as the 14th Chief Justice of the United States from 1953 to 1969. The Warren Court presided over a major shift in American constitutional jurisprudence, which has been recognized by many as a "Constitutional Revolution" in the liberal direction, with Warren writing the majority opinions in landmark cases such as Brown v. Board of Education (1954), Reynolds v. Sims (1964), Miranda v. Arizona (1966) and Loving v. Virginia (1967). Warren also led the Warren Commission, a presidential commission that investigated the 1963 assassination of President John F. Kennedy. Warren also served as Governor of California from 1943 to 1953, and is the last chief justice to have served in an elected office before nomination to the Supreme Court. Warren is generally considered to be one of the most influential Supreme Court justices and political leaders in the history of the United States. Warren was born in 1891 in Los Angeles and was raised in Bakersfield, California. After graduating from the University of California, Berkeley School of Law, he began a legal career in Oakland. He was hired as a deputy district attorney for Alameda County in 1920 and was appointed district attorney in 1925. He emerged as a leader of the state Republican Party and won election as the Attorney General of California in 1938. In that position he supported, and was a firm proponent of, the forced removal and internment of over 100,000 Japanese Americans during World War II. In the 1942 California gubernatorial election, Warren defeated incumbent Democratic governor Culbert Olson. He served as Governor of California until 1953, presiding over a period of major growth for the state. Warren is the only governor of California to be elected for three consecutive terms. Warren served as Thomas E. Dewey's running mate in the 1948 presidential election, but Dewey lost the election to incumbent President Harry S. Truman. Warren sought the Republican nomination in the 1952 presidential election, but the party nominated General Dwight D. Eisenhower. After Eisenhower won election as president, he appointed Warren as Chief Justice. A series of rulings made by the Warren Court in the 1950s led directly to the decline of McCarthyism. Warren helped arrange a unanimous decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954), which ruled that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional. After Brown, the Warren Court continued to issue rulings that helped bring an end to the segregationist Jim Crow laws that were prevalent throughout the Southern United States. In Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States (1964), the Court upheld the Civil Rights Act of 1964, a federal law that prohibits racial segregation in public institutions and public accommodations. In the 1960s, the Warren Court handed down several landmark rulings that significantly transformed criminal procedure, redistricting, and other areas of the law. Many of the Court's decisions incorporated the Bill of Rights, making the protections of the Bill of Rights apply to state and local governments. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) established a criminal defendant's right to an attorney in felony cases, and Miranda v. Arizona (1966) required police officers to give what became known as the Miranda warning to suspects taken into police custody that advises them of their constitutional protections. Reynolds v. Sims (1964) established that all state legislative districts must be of roughly equal population size, while the Court's holding in Wesberry v. Sanders (1964) required equal populations for congressional districts, thus achieving "one man, one vote" in the United States. Schmerber v. California (1966) established that forced extraction of a blood sample is not compelled testimony, illuminating the limits on the protections of the 4th and 5th Amendments and Warden v. Hayden (1967) dramatically expanded the rights of police to seize evidence with a search warrant, reversing the 'mere evidence' rule. Furthermore, Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) established a constitutional right to privacy and struck down a state law that restricted access to contraceptives, and Loving v. Virginia (1967) struck down state anti-miscegenation laws, which had banned or otherwise regulated interracial marriage. Warren announced his retirement in 1968 and was succeeded by Appellate Judge Warren E. Burger in 1969. The Warren Court's rulings have received criticism, but have received widespread support and acclamation from both liberals and conservatives. As yet, few of the Court's decisions have been overturned. Earl Warren (ur. 19 marca 1891 w Los Angeles, zm. 9 lipca 1974 w Waszyngtonie) – amerykański polityk i prawnik, prezes Sądu Najwyższego Stanów Zjednoczonych. アール・ウォーレン（英語：Earl Warren、1891年3月19日 - 1974年7月9日）は、アメリカ合衆国の政治家、法律家、法学者。カリフォルニア州地方検事、同州知事、連邦最高裁判所長官を歴任した。1948年アメリカ合衆国大統領選挙での共和党の副大統領候補であった。 Эрл Уо́ррен (англ. Earl Warren; 19 марта 1891 — 9 июля 1974) — четырнадцатый председатель Верховного суда США, занимавший этот пост с 1953 по 1969 год, и единственный человек, трижды подряд избиравшийся губернатором Калифорнии. За время председательства Уоррена Верховный суд принял несколько фундаментальных решений, касавшихся сегрегации, уголовно-процессуального права и некоторых других сфер. Уоррен считается одной из наиболее выдающихся фигур в истории Верховного суда США. В 1963—1964 годах Уоррен возглавлял комиссию, которая расследовала убийство президента страны Джона Кеннеди. Считается одним из самых влиятельных судей Верховного суда и политических лидеров в истории Соединенных Штатов. Earl Warren (Los Angeles, 19 de março de 1891 — Whashington, 9 de julho de 1974) foi político e jurista americano que serviu como governador da Califórnia entre 1943 e 1953 e Chefe de Justiça dos Estados Unidos de 5 de outubro de 1953 a 23 de junho de 1969. Ele é geralmente considerado um dos juízes e líderes políticos da Suprema Corte mais influentes da história dos Estados Unidos. Durante o seu exercício do cargo na Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos, recebeu muitas queixas sobre inconstitucionalidades, como sobre leis de segregação racial (mais notavelmente o caso Brown v. Board of Education), direitos civis, separação das igrejas e do estado, direitos de defesa e enquadramento penal (mais notavelmente o caso Miranda v. Arizona ). Foi Earl Warren que presidiu à Comissão Warren, que investigou o Assassinato de John F. Kennedy. Earl Warren (Los Angeles (Californië), 19 maart 1891 - Washington D.C., 9 juli 1974) was een Amerikaans openbaar aanklager in Californië, later de 30e gouverneur van Californië en de 14e opperrechter van het Amerikaanse Hooggerechtshof. Onder zijn bewind (1953-1969) stonden zaken als de legaliteit van segregatie, burgerrechten, scheiding van kerk en staat en de zogenaamde cautie centraal. Hij wordt algemeen beschouwd als een van de meest invloedrijke rechters van het Hooggerechtshof en politieke leiders in de geschiedenis van de Verenigde Staten. Earl Warren (19. března 1891 Los Angeles, Kalifornie – 9. července 1974 Washington, D.C.) byl americký právník a politik. V letech 1938–1942 působil v Kalifornii jako nejvyšší státní zástupce, 1943–1953 jako 30. guvernér státu Kalifornie; 1953–1969 byl předsedou Nejvyššího soudu USA. Roku 1948 neúspěšně kandidoval za republikány na viceprezidenta USA. Roku 1952 kandidoval za republikány na funkci prezidenta USA, opět neúspěšně. Posléze podporoval republikány při kandidatuře na funkci prezidenta USA Dwighta Eisenhowera. Ten jej jmenoval předsedou Nejvyššího soudu USA. Dne 1. března 1954 byl Senátem USA v této funkci potvrzen. Dwight D. Eisenhower později řekl, že to byl jeho největší omyl. Earl Warren v Nejvyšším soudu usiloval o to, aby byla rasová segregace protiústavní, aby stanovil jako kritérium legislativního poměrného zastoupení zásadu jeden člověk, jeden hlas a aby rozšířil většinu ochrany Listiny práv na státní soudy. Předsedal také komisi pro vyšetřování atentátu na Johna Fitzgeralda Kennedyho. Na základě americké tradice do jeho rukou složili přísahu tito prezidenti USA: * 20. ledna 1957 soukromě, 21. ledna 1957 veřejně – Dwight D. Eisenhower * 20. ledna 1961 – John F. Kennedy * 20. ledna 1965 – Lyndon B. Johnson * 20. ledna 1969 – Richard Nixon Rezignoval v roce 1969.
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