This HTML5 document contains 534 embedded RDF statements represented using HTML+Microdata notation.

The embedded RDF content will be recognized by any processor of HTML5 Microdata.

Namespace Prefixes

PrefixIRI
n22https://global.dbpedia.org/id/
dbpedia-eshttp://es.dbpedia.org/resource/
dbpedia-arhttp://ar.dbpedia.org/resource/
provhttp://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
dbpedia-ithttp://it.dbpedia.org/resource/
rdfhttp://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
wikidatahttp://www.wikidata.org/entity/
n21https://archive.org/details/
schemahttp://schema.org/
dbthttp://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:
n28http://dbpedia.org/resource/M53/
n14http://www.history.army.mil/reference/
dbpedia-fahttp://fa.dbpedia.org/resource/
yagohttp://dbpedia.org/class/yago/
n32http://dbpedia.org/resource/Bofors_40_mm_Automatic_Gun_L/
owlhttp://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
n12http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/
dbchttp://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:
dbohttp://dbpedia.org/ontology/
n27http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#
n24http://dbpedia.org/resource/F/
wikipedia-enhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
dctermshttp://purl.org/dc/terms/
dbphttp://dbpedia.org/property/
rdfshttp://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
dbrhttp://dbpedia.org/resource/
umbel-rchttp://umbel.org/umbel/rc/
n10http://dbpedia.org/resource/File:
foafhttp://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
yago-reshttp://yago-knowledge.org/resource/
freebasehttp://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
n19http://dbpedia.org/resource/RC-135V/
n31https://books.google.com/
xsdhhttp://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

Statements

Subject Item
dbr:Gulf_War_air_campaign
rdf:type
owl:Thing yago:PsychologicalFeature100023100 yago:Abstraction100002137 yago:Event100029378 dbo:Event dbo:MilitaryConflict yago:GroupAction101080366 yago:State100024720 yago:YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity schema:Event n27:Event dbo:SocietalEvent yago:Act100030358 wikidata:Q1656682 umbel-rc:ConflictEvent yago:Conflict100958896 yago:Action114006945 yago:Attribute100024264 yago:Operation114008806 yago:WikicatAerialOperationsAndBattles
rdfs:label
Campagna aerea della guerra del Golfo Campaña aérea de la Guerra del Golfo Gulf War air campaign الحملة الجوية في حرب الخليج الثانية
rdfs:comment
La campaña aérea de la Guerra del Golfo, también conocida como Operación Trueno Inmediato (en inglés: Operation Instant Thunder) o bombardero de Irak de 1991, comenzó con una extensa campaña de bombardero aéreo el 17 de enero de 1991. La aviación de la coalición realizó más de 100 000 salidas, lanzando 88 500 toneladas de bombas,​ y destruyendo ampliamente las infraestructuras militares y civiles de Irak y el Kuwait ocupado.​ La campaña aérea fue comandada por el teniente general de la Fuerza Aérea de los Estados Unidos Chuck Horner, quien sirvió brevemente como Comandante en Jefe Avanzado del Mando Central de los Estados Unidos mientras el general Norman Schwarzkopf todavía estaba en los Estados Unidos.​ La campaña aérea en gran parte finalizó el 23 de febrero de 1991 cuando se inició la الحملة الجوية في حرب الخليج الثانية المعروفة أيضا باسم التفجيرات في العراق 1991 هي حملة قصف جوي واسعة النطاق في 17 يناير 1991. قامت قوات التحالف بأكثر من 100,000 طلعة جوية وأسقطت 88500 طن من القنابل وتم تدمير البنية التحتية والعسكرية على نطاق واسع. قاد الحملة الجوية الفريق من القوات الجوية الأمريكية تشاك هورنر الذي خدم لفترة وجيزة في منصب القائد العام للقوات المسلحة الأمامية في القيادة المركزية الأمريكية عندما كان الجنرال شوارزكوف لا يزال في الولايات المتحدة. كان قادة سلاح الجو البريطاني نائب المارشال أندرو ويلسون حتى 17 نوفمبر ثم نائب المارشال بيل راتين. انتهت الحملة الجوية إلى حد كبير في 23 فبراير 1991 عندما بدأت الحملة البرية لتحرير الكويت. The air campaign of the Gulf War, also known as the 1991 bombing of Iraq, was an extensive aerial bombing campaign from 17 January 1991 to 23 February 1991 in response to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. Spearheaded by the United States, the Coalition of the Gulf War flew over 100,000 sorties, dropping 88,500 tons of bombs, widely destroying military and civilian infrastructure. The air campaign was commanded by United States Air Force (USAF) lieutenant general Chuck Horner, who briefly served as Commander-in-Chief—Forward of U.S. Central Command while general Norman Schwarzkopf was still in the United States. The British air commanders were Air Vice-Marshal Andrew Wilson (to 17 November 1990) and Air Vice-Marshal Bill Wratten (from 17 November). The air campaign had largely finished by 23 Fe La campagna aerea della guerra del Golfo, conosciuta anche come bombardamento dell'Iraq del 1991 oppure come operazione Desert Storm se considerata unitamente alle operazioni via terra del conflitto, fu un'intensa campagna di bombardamenti aerei iniziata il 17 gennaio 1991. Le forze della Coalizione effettuarono più di 100 000 sortite, sganciando 88 500 tonnellate di bombe, distruggendo ampiamente infrastrutture civili e militari. La campagna aerea venne comandata dal generale dell'USAF , che inizialmente funse da comandante in capo prima dell'arrivo del generale Schwarzkopf. I comandanti britannici erano i generali , fino al 17 novembre, e , in seguito. La campagna si concluse ufficialmente il 23 febbraio 1991 quando ebbe inizio la liberazione del Kuwait.
rdfs:seeAlso
dbr:The_Gulf_War dbr:Organization_of_United_States_Air_Force_Units
foaf:name
Gulf War Air Campaign (Operation Desert Storm)
foaf:depiction
n12:RSAF_Tornado_114_07.jpg n12:Multiple_F-15E_parked_during_Operation_Desert_Shield.jpg n12:Red_pog.svg n12:A-10A_Thunderbolt_II_Desert_Storm.jpg n12:Tomcats_DS_tanking_DN-ST-91-07919.jpg n12:USAF_F-16A_F-15C_F-15E_Desert_Storm_edit2.jpg n12:EF-111_over_Desert2.jpg
dbo:place
dbr:Kuwait dbr:Iraq
dcterms:subject
dbc:Airstrikes_in_Iraq dbc:Aerial_operations_and_battles_of_the_Gulf_War
dbo:wikiPageID
25818624
dbo:wikiPageRevisionID
1124798099
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink
dbr:Ali_Hassan_al-Majid dbr:Hardened_aircraft_shelter dbr:Precision-guided_munition dbr:United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History dbr:Anti-aircraft_artillery dbr:Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-19 dbr:Republican_Guard_(Iraq) dbr:Mikoyan_MiG-23 dbr:Mikoyan_MiG-25 dbr:France dbr:B-52_Stratofortress dbr:C-130_Hercules dbr:Dassault_Mirage_F1 dbr:Mikoyan_MiG-29 dbr:C-20_Gulfstream dbr:AH-1_Cobra dbr:Romania dbr:Artillery_battery dbr:EA-3B_Skywarrior dbc:Airstrikes_in_Iraq dbr:Argentina dbr:Force_dispersal dbr:U.S._Navy dbr:Battle_Management dbr:Learjet_C-21A dbr:C-2A_Greyhound dbr:RF-4C_Phantom_II dbr:Fleet_Air_Arm n10:RSAF_Tornado_114_07.jpg dbr:Medical_evacuation dbr:Liberation_of_Kuwait_campaign dbr:Tomahawk_(missile) dbr:Ali_Al_Salem_Air_Base dbr:Iran dbr:TOW_missile dbr:SA-8 dbr:Operazione_Locusta dbr:CF-18_Hornet dbr:37_mm_automatic_air_defense_gun_M1939_(61-K) dbr:Shenyang_J-6 dbr:Surveillance dbr:Xian_H-6 dbr:Electronic_warfare dbr:Iraq dbr:Theater_(warfare) dbr:F-111F_Aardvark dbr:Space_and_Naval_Warfare_Systems_Command dbr:Thermographic_camera dbr:FFA_AS-202_Bravo dbr:Muthenna_Air_Base dbr:Saleh_Al-Muhaya dbr:Cluster_bomb dbr:Light_fighter dbr:Bill_Wratten dbr:Boeing_B-52_Stratofortress dbr:Wafiq_al-Samarrai dbr:McDonnell_Douglas_F-15_Eagle dbr:F-117_Nighthawk dbr:Special_forces dbr:F-117A_Nighthawk dbr:23×152mm dbr:McDonnell_Douglas_F-15E_Strike_Eagle dbr:Smart_bomb dbr:U-2_Dragon_Lady dbr:F-14_Tomcat dbr:Tooth-to-tail_ratio dbr:Tupolev_Tu-16 dbr:Transall_C-160 dbr:E-8_Joint_STARS dbr:SEAD dbr:Umm_Qasr dbr:Royal_Bahraini_Air_Force dbr:Attack_aircraft dbr:Shaykh_Mazhar_Air_Base dbr:Electronic_Warfare dbr:Fighter_aircraft dbr:Aircraft_carrier_battle_group dbr:Panavia_Tornado_IDS dbr:Panavia_Tornado_F3 dbr:KC-10_Extender dbr:Kosovo_War dbr:Counter-insurgency_aircraft dbr:Tupolev_Tu-22 dbr:Military_communications_satellite dbr:ZSU-57-2 dbr:Airborne_early_warning_and_control dbr:CH-53E_Super_Stallion dbr:Hanoi dbr:E-3_Sentry dbr:AH-1_SuperCobra dbr:United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_678 dbr:GAU-8 dbr:BAe_125 dbr:Spec_Ops dbr:Bubiyan_Island dbr:Army_Air_Corps_(United_Kingdom) dbr:Cargo_aircraft dbr:Vietnam_War dbr:Tactical_airlift dbr:Military_transport_aircraft dbr:Dam dbr:KC-135_Stratotanker dbr:Baghdad dbr:TR-1_Dragon_Lady dbr:Aerial_refueling dbr:Samurra_Air_Battle dbr:RQ-2_Pioneer dbr:Airborne_ground_surveillance dbr:Self-propelled_anti-aircraft_weapon dbr:Brent_Brandon dbr:Aerial_Refueling dbr:E-2C_Hawkeye dbr:Panavia_Tornado dbr:Panavia_Tornado_ADV dbr:Defense_Support_Program dbr:Karbala dbr:Search_and_Rescue dbr:E-3A_Sentry dbr:USS_Midway_(CV_41) n19:W_Rivet_Joint dbr:CVBG dbr:F-15C_Eagle dbr:Britten-Norman_BN-2_Islander dbr:Military_aircraft dbr:Utility_helicopter dbr:Sukhoi_Su-24 dbr:Suppression_of_Enemy_Air_Defenses dbr:Sukhoi_Su-25 dbr:Strike_fighter dbr:Infrared_homing dbr:Wild_Weasel dbr:Surface-to-air_missile dbr:Sukhoi_Su-17 dbr:Al_Hussein_(missile) dbr:Brazil dbr:Israel dbr:Italian_Air_Force dbr:Doha_International_Airport dbr:Aeritalia_G.222 dbr:I-HAWK dbr:Interceptor_aircraft dbr:AV-8B_Harrier dbr:BLU-82 dbr:Bell_212 dbc:Aerial_operations_and_battles_of_the_Gulf_War dbr:Amiriyah_shelter_bombing dbr:Special_Operations_Command_Central dbr:Turkey dbr:Reconnaissance dbr:Bomber_aircraft n10:Tomcats_DS_tanking_DN-ST-91-07919.jpg dbr:Radar_jammer dbr:Trainer_aircraft dbr:Television_guidance dbr:Multirole_combat_aircraft dbr:Zastava_M55 dbr:Czechoslovakia dbr:SPOT_(satellite) dbr:Scud dbr:Sukhoi_Su-7 dbr:USS_Theodore_Roosevelt_(CVN-71) dbr:A-6E_Intruder dbr:CC-130_Hercules dbr:Sortie dbr:Reconnaissance_aircraft dbr:A-10_Thunderbolt_II dbr:Attack_helicopter dbr:Oerlikon_GDF dbr:F-15E_Strike_Eagle dbr:CH-53D_Sea_Stallion dbr:Roland_missile dbr:CC-144_Challenger dbr:Ar_Rumaylah_Southwest_Air_Base dbr:Coalition_of_the_Gulf_War dbr:Khalid_bin_Sultan dbr:AC-130_Gunship dbr:CH-46_Sea_Knight dbr:Ubaydah_Bin_Al_Jarrah_Air_Base dbr:Kuwaiti_Air_Force dbr:Gunship dbr:AV-8B dbr:ZPU dbr:Gulf_War_Air_Power_Survey dbr:Qayyarah_Airfield_West dbr:Landsat_program dbr:King_Khalid_International_Airport dbr:Interdictor dbr:Royal_Canadian_Air_Force dbr:Westland_Sea_King dbr:A-7E_Corsair dbr:Lieutenant_general_(United_States) dbr:Nord_262 dbr:F-16_Fighting_Falcon dbr:Syria dbr:Point_defense dbr:Handley_Page_Victor dbr:USS_Saratoga_(CV-60) dbr:7440th_Composite_Wing dbr:Royal_Navy dbr:Bahrain dbr:Tactical_reconnaissance dbr:Balad_Air_Base dbr:Operation_Friction dbr:USS_Ranger_(CV-61) dbr:Soviet_Union dbr:F-4_Phantom_II n10:Multiple_F-15E_parked_during_Operation_Desert_Shield.jpg dbr:Shaibah_Air_Base dbr:P-3_Orion n24:A-18_Hornet dbr:Aero_L-39_Albatros dbr:Hawker_Siddeley_Nimrod dbr:20_mm_caliber dbr:United_States_Marine_Corps dbr:Germany dbr:Najaf dbr:14.5×114mm dbr:Westland_Lynx dbr:Cluster_munition dbr:Stealth_aircraft dbr:ZU-23-2 dbr:Tanker_aircraft dbr:New_Zealand dbr:Precision_munition dbr:Muslim_world dbr:Saddam_Hussein dbr:Operation_Granby dbr:A-4_Skyhawk dbr:Maritime_Patrol_Aircraft dbr:Ahmad_al-Jaber_Air_Base dbr:Attack_on_Ras_Tanura dbr:Airlift dbr:Al-Taqaddum_Air_Base dbr:Switzerland dbr:MANPADS dbr:Laser-guided_bomb dbr:Alpha_Jet dbr:Yugoslavia dbr:EA-6B_Prowler dbr:Napalm dbr:Aérospatiale_Gazelle dbr:Calibre dbr:Canada dbr:Boeing_EC-135 dbr:MC-130_Hercules dbr:23_mm_caliber dbr:Boeing_CC-137 dbr:Multirole_fighter dbr:Chuck_Horner dbr:Saudi_Arabia dbr:Aerial_bombing_of_cities dbr:Boeing_Chinook_(UK_variants) dbr:Taji dbr:Ilyushin_Il-76 dbr:F-4G_Phantom_II dbr:BBC dbr:U.S._Army dbr:ZSU-23-4 dbr:Colin_Powell dbr:Gulf_War dbr:Airliner dbr:Aerial_photography dbr:F-15_Eagle dbr:USS_America_(CV-66) dbr:Al-A'amiriya dbr:List_of_Gulf_War_pilots_by_victories dbr:Kuwait dbr:Scott_Speicher dbr:Sewage dbr:Jalibah_Southeast_Air_Base dbr:Vickers_VC10 dbr:Barksdale_Air_Force_Base dbr:Group_captain n28:59_Praga dbr:Unmanned_aerial_vehicle dbr:Mosul_International_Airport dbr:Nasiriyah_Airport n10:EF-111_over_Desert2.jpg dbr:Towed_artillery dbr:United_Kingdom dbr:U.S._Central_Command dbr:Mirage_2000C dbr:Meteorological_satellite dbr:Belgium dbr:F-5_Freedom_Fighter dbr:Electronic-warfare_aircraft dbr:Bell_OH-58_Kiowa dbr:Situation_awareness dbr:Fallujah dbr:Qatar_Air_Force dbr:United_States dbr:BGM-109_Tomahawk dbr:Fighter-bomber dbr:Grumman_A-6_Intruder dbr:Royal_Air_Force dbr:Mirage_F1 dbr:Al-Ahsa_International_Airport dbr:Talil_Air_Base dbr:Special_Air_Service dbr:South_Korea dbr:AGM-114_Hellfire dbr:MH-60G dbr:MH-53J_Pave_Low dbr:General_Dynamics_F-111_Aardvark dbr:H-1_Air_Base dbr:MH-53_Pave_Low dbr:Combat_aircraft dbr:Bulgaria dbr:Grumman_F-14_Tomcat dbr:MH-47_Chinook dbr:Red_Sea dbr:85_mm_air_defense_gun_M1939_(52-K) dbr:Persian_Gulf dbr:Lockheed_F-117_Nighthawk dbr:Japan dbr:Ground-controlled_interception dbr:H-2_Air_Base dbr:Iraqi_Army dbr:Iraqi_Air_Force dbr:SEPECAT_Jaguar dbr:China dbr:Qatar dbr:Kirkuk_Air_Base dbr:Andrew_Wilson_(RAF_officer) dbr:AGM-86_ALCM dbr:AGM-65_Maverick dbr:British_Army dbr:Lockheed_KC-130 dbr:H-3_Air_Base dbr:Command_and_control dbr:GPS dbr:Anti-aircraft_gun dbr:United_States_Air_Force dbr:Command_and_Control dbr:United_States_Navy dbr:Lockheed_JetStar dbr:SA-13_Gopher dbr:USS_John_F._Kennedy_(CV-67) dbr:Air_engagements_of_the_Gulf_War dbr:Bisnovat_R-40 dbr:SA-14_Gremlin dbr:Forward_air_control dbr:Embraer_EMB_312_Tucano dbr:Italy dbr:Bit dbr:Fleet_in_being dbr:Iraqi_Intelligence_Service dbr:AGM-88_HARM dbr:PSYOPS dbr:Norman_Schwarzkopf,_Jr dbr:CH-47_Chinook dbr:30_mm_caliber dbr:SA-9_Gaskin dbr:Transport_helicopter dbr:French_Air_Force dbr:Norman_Schwarzkopf dbr:SA-6_Gainful dbr:SA-7_Grail dbr:BAC_Jet_Provost dbr:SA-2_Guideline dbr:Antonov_An-26 dbr:SIGINT dbr:SA-3_Goa dbr:Combat_search_and_rescue dbr:HC-130_Hercules n10:A-10A_Thunderbolt_II_Desert_Storm.jpg dbr:Telecommunications dbr:Jeremy_Bowen dbr:Air_raid_shelter dbr:Bell_UH-1_Iroquois dbr:United_Arab_Emirates_Air_Force dbr:NATO dbr:KS-30 dbr:AZP_S-60 dbr:Radar dbr:Blackburn_Buccaneer dbr:Lockheed_TriStar_(RAF) dbr:United_Arab_Emirates dbr:UH-60_Black_Hawk n32:70 dbr:Lockheed_S-3_Viking dbr:Operation_Opera dbr:Royal_Saudi_Air_Force dbr:Bomber dbr:Jordan dbr:Datalink dbr:Chengdu_J-7 dbr:Theater_of_operations dbr:Over-the-horizon_radar dbr:UH-1_Iroquois dbr:Al_Asad_Airbase dbr:AH-64_Apache dbr:OV-10_Bronco dbr:Air_superiority dbr:Mikoyan_MiG-21 dbr:AH-1S dbr:KS-19 dbr:Bravo_Two_Zero dbr:EF-111A_Raven dbr:EC-130E_Hercules dbr:Dassault_Falcon_50 dbr:EC-130H_Compass_Call dbr:Cruise_missile dbr:United_States_Army dbr:Opération_Daguet dbr:Dassault_Falcon_20 dbr:Iraqi_invasion_of_Kuwait dbr:SA_330_Puma dbr:United_States_Armed_Forces
dbo:wikiPageExternalLink
n14:gulfbib.htm n21:influenceofairpo0000boyn n31:books%3Fid=d3lQPgAACAAJ%7Cyear=2000%7Cpublisher=Berkley%7Cisbn=978-0-425-17292-6
owl:sameAs
wikidata:Q8256467 dbpedia-es:Campaña_aérea_de_la_Guerra_del_Golfo dbpedia-ar:الحملة_الجوية_في_حرب_الخليج_الثانية freebase:m.09v65jx n22:4ywYc yago-res:Gulf_War_air_campaign dbpedia-fa:نبرد_هوایی_جنگ_خلیج_فارس dbpedia-it:Campagna_aerea_della_guerra_del_Golfo
dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate
dbt:Cite_book dbt:Cite_journal dbt:Cn_span dbt:Flagdeco dbt:Campaignbox_Gulf_War dbt:See_also dbt:Gulf_War dbt:Notelist dbt:Flag dbt:More_citations_needed_section dbt:Reflist dbt:Authority_control dbt:Location_map+ dbt:Location_map~ dbt:Infobox_military_conflict dbt:Sfn
dbo:thumbnail
n12:USAF_F-16A_F-15C_F-15E_Desert_Storm_edit2.jpg?width=300
dbp:caption
USAF F-16A, F-15C & F-15E aircraft fly over burning oil fields in Kuwait
dbp:casualties
2000 254 10000 75 8 several air defense systems 36 46
dbp:commander
Andrew Wilson Saddam Hussein Chuck Horner Colin Powell Ali Hassan al-Majid Bill Wratten Khalid bin Sultan Norman Schwarzkopf Saleh Al-Muhaya
dbp:conflict
Gulf War Air Campaign
dbp:date
0001-01-17
dbp:imageSize
300
dbp:partof
dbr:Gulf_War
dbp:place
Iraq and Kuwait
dbp:result
Coalition victory * Coalition gain air superiority within one week * Launch of the ground offensive
dbp:strength
1114 Over 2,780 fixed-wing aircraft
dbo:abstract
الحملة الجوية في حرب الخليج الثانية المعروفة أيضا باسم التفجيرات في العراق 1991 هي حملة قصف جوي واسعة النطاق في 17 يناير 1991. قامت قوات التحالف بأكثر من 100,000 طلعة جوية وأسقطت 88500 طن من القنابل وتم تدمير البنية التحتية والعسكرية على نطاق واسع. قاد الحملة الجوية الفريق من القوات الجوية الأمريكية تشاك هورنر الذي خدم لفترة وجيزة في منصب القائد العام للقوات المسلحة الأمامية في القيادة المركزية الأمريكية عندما كان الجنرال شوارزكوف لا يزال في الولايات المتحدة. كان قادة سلاح الجو البريطاني نائب المارشال أندرو ويلسون حتى 17 نوفمبر ثم نائب المارشال بيل راتين. انتهت الحملة الجوية إلى حد كبير في 23 فبراير 1991 عندما بدأت الحملة البرية لتحرير الكويت. تألفت الضربات الأولى من صواريخ بي جي إم-109 توماهوك التي أطلقت من السفن الحربية في الخليج العربي وقاذفات إف - 117 نايت هوك المحملة بالقنابل الذكية الموجهة بأشعة الليزر وطائرات إف-4 فانتوم الثانية المزودة بصواريخ هارم المضادة للرادار. هذه الهجمات الأولى سمحت لطائرات إف-14 توم كات وإف-15 إيغل وجنرال دايناميكس إف-16 فايتينغ فالكون وإف/إيه-18 هورنت بالحصول على التفوق الجوي في جميع أنحاء البلاد ومن ثم الاستمرار في توجيه القنابل الموجهة بالليزر. طائرات إيه-10 ثاندر بولت الثانية المسلحة برشاش غاتلينغ (GAU-8 Avenger) وصواريخ إيه جي إم-65 مافريك الحرارية والموجهة بصريا، قصفت ودمرت القوات المدرعة العراقية مما أسهمت في دعم تقدم القوات البرية الأمريكية. أطلقت طائرات إيه إتش-64 أباتشي وإيه إتش-1 كوبرا صواريخ إيه جي إم-114 هيلفاير الموجهة بالليزر وبي جي إم-71 تاو التي كانت موجهة للدبابات من خلال الرصد الأرضي أو من طائرات الهليكوبتر الكشفية مثل أو إتش-58 كيوا. كما قدم الأسطول الجوي لقوات التحالف بوينغ إي-3 سينتري وبي-52 ستراتوفورتريس. تألفت الحملة الجوية من 2250 طائرة مقاتلة التي اشتملت على 1800 طائرة أمريكية التي حاربت ضد قوة عراقية تتكون من 500 طائرة سوفيتية الصنع من طراز ميكويان ميج-29 وميكويان جيروفيتش ميج-25 وميكويان-غوريفيتش ميغ-23 والفرنسية الصنع طراز داسو ميراج إف1. The air campaign of the Gulf War, also known as the 1991 bombing of Iraq, was an extensive aerial bombing campaign from 17 January 1991 to 23 February 1991 in response to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. Spearheaded by the United States, the Coalition of the Gulf War flew over 100,000 sorties, dropping 88,500 tons of bombs, widely destroying military and civilian infrastructure. The air campaign was commanded by United States Air Force (USAF) lieutenant general Chuck Horner, who briefly served as Commander-in-Chief—Forward of U.S. Central Command while general Norman Schwarzkopf was still in the United States. The British air commanders were Air Vice-Marshal Andrew Wilson (to 17 November 1990) and Air Vice-Marshal Bill Wratten (from 17 November). The air campaign had largely finished by 23 February 1991 when the coalition invasion of Kuwait took place. The initial strikes were carried out by Tomahawk cruise missiles launched from U.S. Navy warships situated in the Persian Gulf, by F-117A Nighthawk stealth bombers with an armament of laser-guided smart bombs, and by F-4G Wild Weasel aircraft as well as F/A-18 Hornet aircraft armed with HARM anti-radar missiles. These first attacks allowed F-14 Tomcat, F-15 Eagle, F-16 Fighting Falcon, and F/A-18 Hornet combat aircraft to gain air superiority over Iraq and then continue to drop television-guided and laser-guided bombs. Armed with a GAU-8 rotary cannon and infrared-imaging or optically guided Maverick missiles, USAF A-10 Thunderbolts bombed and destroyed Iraqi armored forces, supporting the advance of U.S. ground troops. United States Marine Corps close air support AV-8B Harriers employed their 25mm rotary cannon, Mavericks, cluster munitions, and napalm against the Iraqi dug-in forces to pave the way forward for the U.S. Marines breaching Iraqi president Saddam Hussein's defenses. The U.S. Army AH-64 Apache and AH-1 Cobra attack helicopters fired laser-guided Hellfire missiles and TOW missiles which were guided to tanks by ground observers or by scout helicopters, such as the OH-58D Kiowa. The Coalition air fleet also made use of the E-3A Airborne Warning and Control Systems and of a fleet of B-52 Stratofortress bombers. La campagna aerea della guerra del Golfo, conosciuta anche come bombardamento dell'Iraq del 1991 oppure come operazione Desert Storm se considerata unitamente alle operazioni via terra del conflitto, fu un'intensa campagna di bombardamenti aerei iniziata il 17 gennaio 1991. Le forze della Coalizione effettuarono più di 100 000 sortite, sganciando 88 500 tonnellate di bombe, distruggendo ampiamente infrastrutture civili e militari. La campagna aerea venne comandata dal generale dell'USAF , che inizialmente funse da comandante in capo prima dell'arrivo del generale Schwarzkopf. I comandanti britannici erano i generali , fino al 17 novembre, e , in seguito. La campagna si concluse ufficialmente il 23 febbraio 1991 quando ebbe inizio la liberazione del Kuwait. I colpi iniziali furono infieriti con missili Tomahawk lanciati da navi da guerra al largo del golfo Persico, con bombe laser guidate sganciate da bombardieri stealth F-117A Nighthawk e con missili anti-radar lanciati dai cacciabombardieri F-4 Phantom II. Questi primi attacchi permisero poi ai cacciabombardieri F-14, F-15, F-16 e F/A-18 di ottenere una superiorità aerea sopra l'Iraq e di continuare a sganciare bombe teleguidate sugli obiettivi a terra. Armati con una mitragliatrice Gatling e con missili AGM-65 Maverick, a guida ottica o infrarossi, gli A-10 Thunderbolt bombardarono e distrussero le forze armate irachene, supportando l'avanzata delle forze di terra. Gli elicotteri d'attacco Apache e Cobra furono impiegati principalmente per distruggere i corazzati iracheni con i missili Hellfire e TOW, guidati da osservatori a terra o elicotteri da ricognizione. La flotta aerea della Coalizione impiegò anche sistemi di allarme e controllo aviotrasportati E-3 Sentry e bombardieri B-52. Furono impiegati in missione più di 2 250 velivoli, di cui 1 800 americani, contro circa 500 aerei iracheni MiG-29, MiG-25 e MiG-23, di costruzione sovietica, e F1 Mirage, di costruzione francese. La campaña aérea de la Guerra del Golfo, también conocida como Operación Trueno Inmediato (en inglés: Operation Instant Thunder) o bombardero de Irak de 1991, comenzó con una extensa campaña de bombardero aéreo el 17 de enero de 1991. La aviación de la coalición realizó más de 100 000 salidas, lanzando 88 500 toneladas de bombas,​ y destruyendo ampliamente las infraestructuras militares y civiles de Irak y el Kuwait ocupado.​ La campaña aérea fue comandada por el teniente general de la Fuerza Aérea de los Estados Unidos Chuck Horner, quien sirvió brevemente como Comandante en Jefe Avanzado del Mando Central de los Estados Unidos mientras el general Norman Schwarzkopf todavía estaba en los Estados Unidos.​ La campaña aérea en gran parte finalizó el 23 de febrero de 1991 cuando se inició la campaña de liberación de Kuwait. Los ataques iniciales estaban compuestos por misiles de crucero Tomahawk lanzados desde buques de guerra situados en el Golfo Pérsico,​ aviones de ataque furtivos F-117A Nighthawk armados con bombas inteligentes guiadas por láser,​ y aviones F-4G Wild Weasel armados con misiles antirradar HARM para supresión de defensas aéreas enemigas.​ Estos primeros ataques permitieron a los cazabombarderos F-14, F-15, F-15E, F-16, y F/A-18 lograr la superioridad aérea sobre el país y entonces continuar el lanzamiento de bombas guiadas por láser y por televisión. Los aviones de ataque A-10 Thunderbolt II, armados con potentes cañones automáticos y misiles aire-superficie Maverick, bombardearon y destruyeron las fuerzas blindadas iraquíes,​ apoyando el avance de las tropas terrestres de Estados Unidos. Los helicópteros de ataque AH-64 Apache y AH-1 Cobra dispararon misiles Hellfire y TOW que eran guiados hacia los tanques marcados por observadores en tierra o helicópteros de reconocimiento.​ La flota aliada también hizo uso de los AWACS E-3 Sentry y una flota de bombarderos estratégicos B-52.​​ La fuerza aérea aliada estaba compuesta por más de 2250 aeronaves de combate, de las que 1800 eran de los Estados Unidos, y combatió a una fuerza iraquí que contaba con aproximadamente 500 cazas MiG-29, MiG-25 y MiG-23 de fabricación soviética, y Mirage F1 de fabricación francesa.
prov:wasDerivedFrom
wikipedia-en:Gulf_War_air_campaign?oldid=1124798099&ns=0
dbo:wikiPageLength
63530
dbo:causalties
75 aircraft ‒ 52 fixed-wing aircraft and 23 helicopters 46 killed or missing 8 captured
dbo:date
1991-01-17 1991-02-23
dbo:result
* Launch of the ground offensive * Coalition gain air superiority within one week Coalition victory
dbo:strength
Over 2,780 fixed-wing aircraft 1,114 fixed-wing aircraft (550 combat aircraft), numerous air defence systems
dbo:commander
dbr:Norman_Schwarzkopf,_Jr dbr:Chuck_Horner dbr:Saddam_Hussein dbr:Andrew_Wilson_(RAF_officer) dbr:Colin_Powell dbr:Saleh_Al-Muhaya dbr:Bill_Wratten dbr:Ali_Hassan_al-Majid dbr:Khalid_bin_Sultan
dbo:isPartOfMilitaryConflict
dbr:Gulf_War
foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf
wikipedia-en:Gulf_War_air_campaign