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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:Inversion_temperature
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yago:PhysicalEntity100001930 yago:Phenomenon100034213 yago:Process100029677 yago:ChemicalPhenomenon111409059 yago:StateOfMatter114479615 yago:WikicatGases dbo:Species yago:NaturalPhenomenon111408559 yago:WikicatIndustrialGases yago:Gas114481080
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درجة حرارة ارتكاس Inversion temperature
rdfs:comment
درجة حرارة الارتكاس (في التحريك الحراري) هي درجة الحرارة الحرجة التي يفصل بين ظاهرتين تتجليا عند غاز حقيقي في عملية متساوية السخانة: * تحتها تنقص درجة حرارة الغاز * فوقها تزداد درجة حرارة الغاز تسمى هذه الظاهرة « تأثير جول-طومسون » وهي ذات أهمية خاصة في التبريد العميق وتسييل الغازات. The inversion temperature in thermodynamics and cryogenics is the critical temperature below which a non-ideal gas (all gases in reality) that is expanding at constant enthalpy will experience a temperature decrease, and above which will experience a temperature increase. This temperature change is known as the Joule–Thomson effect, and is exploited in the liquefaction of gases. Inversion temperature depends on the nature of the gas. For a van der Waals gas we can calculate the enthalpy using statistical mechanics as ,
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dbr:Clark_University dbr:Enthalpy dbr:Van_der_Waals_equation dbc:Engineering_thermodynamics dbr:Statistical_mechanics dbc:Industrial_gases dbr:Energy dbc:Gases dbr:Thermodynamics dbr:Critical_temperature dbr:Ideal_gas dbr:Critical_point_(thermodynamics) dbr:Liquefaction_of_gases dbr:Cryogenics dbr:Phase_transition dbr:Work_(thermodynamics) dbc:Temperature dbr:Boltzmann's_constant dbr:Kelvin_scale dbr:Joule–Thomson_effect dbc:Thermodynamic_properties
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dbpedia-simple:Inversion_temperature dbpedia-nn:Inversjonstemperatur n16:எதிர்மாறு_வெப்பநிலை freebase:m.03cshbt n19:4nkHH dbpedia-ar:درجة_حرارة_ارتكاس wikidata:Q6060458 yago-res:Inversion_temperature
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درجة حرارة الارتكاس (في التحريك الحراري) هي درجة الحرارة الحرجة التي يفصل بين ظاهرتين تتجليا عند غاز حقيقي في عملية متساوية السخانة: * تحتها تنقص درجة حرارة الغاز * فوقها تزداد درجة حرارة الغاز تسمى هذه الظاهرة « تأثير جول-طومسون » وهي ذات أهمية خاصة في التبريد العميق وتسييل الغازات. The inversion temperature in thermodynamics and cryogenics is the critical temperature below which a non-ideal gas (all gases in reality) that is expanding at constant enthalpy will experience a temperature decrease, and above which will experience a temperature increase. This temperature change is known as the Joule–Thomson effect, and is exploited in the liquefaction of gases. Inversion temperature depends on the nature of the gas. For a van der Waals gas we can calculate the enthalpy using statistical mechanics as where is the number of molecules, is volume, is temperature (in the Kelvin scale), is Boltzmann's constant, and and are constants depending on intermolecular forces and molecular volume, respectively. From this equation, we note that if we keep enthalpy constant and increase volume, temperature must change depending on the sign of . Therefore, our inversion temperature is given where the sign flips at zero, or , where is the critical temperature of the substance. So for , an expansion at constant enthalpy increases temperature as the work done by the repulsive interactions of the gas is dominant, and so the change in kinetic energy is positive. But for , expansion causes temperature to decrease because the work of attractive intermolecular forces dominates, giving a negative change in average molecular speed, and therefore kinetic energy.
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dbr:Temperature
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