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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:Khaua-Mbandjeru_rebellion
rdfs:label
Khaua-Mbandjeru rebellion
rdfs:comment
The Khaua-Mbandjeru rebellion was an uprising of Africans in German South West Africa which took place in 1896. The rebellion preceded the Herero and Namaqua Genocide, which began around 1904. In 1894, Theodor Leutwein was appointed the commissioner of German South West Africa. One of his tasks was to establish German authority throughout the colony. This task interfered with the tribal organization of local peoples. Shortly before this, a German trader was found murdered in the territory of around Naosanabis (today's Leonardville). When Curt von François, the predecessor of Leutwein, demanded the murderer be handed over to the German authorities, the Khaua chief, Andreas Lambert, refused. Additionally, the Khaua attacked a tribal group in Bechuanaland, which was under German protection.
dcterms:subject
dbc:African_resistance_to_colonialism dbc:German_South_West_Africa dbc:Rebellions_in_Africa dbc:Conflicts_in_1896 dbc:1896_in_German_South_West_Africa
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33538540
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1062856852
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dbr:Bechuanaland dbc:1896_in_German_South_West_Africa dbr:Leonardville,_Namibia dbc:Conflicts_in_1896 n14:_Max_Planck_Society_Archive dbr:Herero_and_Namaqua_Genocide dbc:African_resistance_to_colonialism dbc:Rebellions_in_Africa dbr:Andreas_Lambert dbr:Herero_Wars dbr:Theodor_Leutwein dbr:Curt_von_François dbr:Bondelswarts dbc:German_South_West_Africa dbr:Khauas_Nama dbr:German_South_West_Africa
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dbo:abstract
The Khaua-Mbandjeru rebellion was an uprising of Africans in German South West Africa which took place in 1896. The rebellion preceded the Herero and Namaqua Genocide, which began around 1904. In 1894, Theodor Leutwein was appointed the commissioner of German South West Africa. One of his tasks was to establish German authority throughout the colony. This task interfered with the tribal organization of local peoples. Shortly before this, a German trader was found murdered in the territory of around Naosanabis (today's Leonardville). When Curt von François, the predecessor of Leutwein, demanded the murderer be handed over to the German authorities, the Khaua chief, Andreas Lambert, refused. Additionally, the Khaua attacked a tribal group in Bechuanaland, which was under German protection. Leutwein decided to make an example of the Khaua. In February 1894, Leutwein led one hundred troops to the Khaua lands, and then started negotiations. In March, captured Andries Lambert accepted the conditions and recognized German authority, as well as agreeing to return cattle to Bechuanaland and to surrender arms. Subsequently, Lambert was released, but, instead of surrendering the arms, tried to escape with the whole tribe. Lambert was arrested and subsequently executed. This is thought to be the first execution of a Namibian traditional leader by the German colonial forces. Historical records indicate that Leutwein intended to set an example for much stronger tribes not to stand in his way. In the aftermath of this incident, Leutwein met with the remaining members of the tribe to establish the terms of a "protection" treaty. With Lambert's brother acting as regent the tribe agreed to Leutwein's terms. The treaty forbade them from waging war or stealing cattle. Their weapons were to be confiscated and held until the tribe displayed "quiet behaviour". Their horses were purchased by the Germans with the proceeds to be presented Lambert's successor. The stolen cattle were returned to the Bechuana who would be allowed to stay in the areas which they had previously leased from the Khaua. With no culture of raising cattle and deprived of the possibility of hunting and raiding for them, the Khaua no longer had a means of immediate economic survival. The sudden and drastic changes implemented by Leutwein led to the tribe's eventual demise as a cohesive social unit. Its members "scattered into prisoner-of-war and forced-labour camps and lost their entire territory.".
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