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Subject Item
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Wendell Fertig Wendell Fertig 温德尔·费蒂格
rdfs:comment
温德尔·费蒂格(英語:Wendell Fertig,1900年12月16日-1975年3月24日)美国人,前美军军官、土木工程师。在二战中驻菲美军主力投降日军期间,他在美国殖民的菲律宾自由邦棉兰老岛上组织并指挥了当地的抗日游击队。费蒂格的游击队人数最多可达32,000人。与之对抗的是约5万名日本士兵,其中大部分驻扎在城镇。 二战后,费蒂格在母校科罗拉多矿业学院任职,并在朝鲜战争期间在美国的心理战部队服役。在20世纪50年代中期退役后,他经营着一家科罗拉多矿业公司,直到去世。在战后的岁月里,他被棉兰老岛人民视为英雄,是美国特种部队中受人尊敬的人物。一位权威人士将他列为历史上十大游击队领导人之一。 Wendell Fertig (December 16, 1900 – March 24, 1975) was an American civil engineer, in the American-administered Commonwealth of the Philippines, who organized and commanded an American-Filipino guerrilla force on the Japanese-occupied, southern Philippine island of Mindanao during World War II. Fertig's widely scattered guerrilla force numbered approximately 32,000. He faced about 50,000 Japanese soldiers, mostly garrison troops in towns and cities. Wendell Fertig (ur. 16 grudnia 1900 zm. 24 marca 1975) – amerykański żołnierz, kapitan wojsk inżynieryjnych Armii Stanów Zjednoczonych. W czasie II wojny światowej przebywał na Filipinach. W kwietniu 1942 roku już jako podpułkownik został przeniesiony rozkazem generała z Bataan na Mindanao. W maju 1942, kiedy padł rozkaz poddania Filipin Japończykom, Fertig zignorował go i postanowił kontynuować walkę. Przez dwa i pół roku stał na czele Armii Stanów Zjednoczonych na Filipinach (ASzFil) którą stworzył osobiście bez ingerencji dowództwa (generał Douglas MacArthur dowiedział się o Fertigu kilka miesięcy po rozpoczęciu przez niego działań partyzanckich). Wendell Fertig samodzielnie mianował się generałem brygady – powód był prosty: Filipińczycy nie chcieliby współpracować z „armią”, w której
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Colonel Wendell Fertig, 1963
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dbo:abstract
温德尔·费蒂格(英語:Wendell Fertig,1900年12月16日-1975年3月24日)美国人,前美军军官、土木工程师。在二战中驻菲美军主力投降日军期间,他在美国殖民的菲律宾自由邦棉兰老岛上组织并指挥了当地的抗日游击队。费蒂格的游击队人数最多可达32,000人。与之对抗的是约5万名日本士兵,其中大部分驻扎在城镇。 二战后,费蒂格在母校科罗拉多矿业学院任职,并在朝鲜战争期间在美国的心理战部队服役。在20世纪50年代中期退役后,他经营着一家科罗拉多矿业公司,直到去世。在战后的岁月里,他被棉兰老岛人民视为英雄,是美国特种部队中受人尊敬的人物。一位权威人士将他列为历史上十大游击队领导人之一。 Wendell Fertig (December 16, 1900 – March 24, 1975) was an American civil engineer, in the American-administered Commonwealth of the Philippines, who organized and commanded an American-Filipino guerrilla force on the Japanese-occupied, southern Philippine island of Mindanao during World War II. Fertig's widely scattered guerrilla force numbered approximately 32,000. He faced about 50,000 Japanese soldiers, mostly garrison troops in towns and cities. Fertig held a U.S. Army reserve commission and was called into military service before the war in the Pacific began. Ordered from Corregidor before its surrender to the Japanese, he was sent to Mindanao to assume command of engineer activities there. Almost as soon as he arrived, the U.S. Army forces on Mindanao surrendered, but Fertig refused to do so. Fertig used his knowledge of the Filipino people to organize them into a guerrilla army and civilian government. He also used his engineering knowledge to solve problems in supply and construction. Fertig led the guerrillas against the Japanese and their collaborators, mostly in hit-and-run raids and vital coast watching activities. After making contact with U.S. forces in the Pacific, the guerrillas began to receive supplies, but never enough to stage large-scale attacks. More than once, the Japanese made efforts to suppress and destroy elements of Fertig's guerrilla army, committing large numbers of troops for this purpose. At those times, Fertig had his forces retreat and disperse before the Japanese advance and respond with pinprick attacks on small, isolated Japanese units. This continued until American forces returned to the Philippines in late 1944 and 1945. After the war, Fertig returned to his civilian engineering career, but retained his reserve commission. He spent four years as commander of the ROTC detachment at the Colorado School of Mines, his Alma mater, and served in a U.S.-based psychological warfare unit during the Korean War. Leaving active duty in the mid-1950s, he ran a Colorado mining company until his death. During his post-war years he was regarded as a hero by the people of Mindanao, and was a respected figure among the U.S. Special Forces. One authority lists him among the top ten guerrilla leaders in history. However, several of Fertig's subordinates and contemporaries were critical of his leadership and the literature extolling his wartime activities. Wendell Fertig (ur. 16 grudnia 1900 zm. 24 marca 1975) – amerykański żołnierz, kapitan wojsk inżynieryjnych Armii Stanów Zjednoczonych. W czasie II wojny światowej przebywał na Filipinach. W kwietniu 1942 roku już jako podpułkownik został przeniesiony rozkazem generała z Bataan na Mindanao. W maju 1942, kiedy padł rozkaz poddania Filipin Japończykom, Fertig zignorował go i postanowił kontynuować walkę. Przez dwa i pół roku stał na czele Armii Stanów Zjednoczonych na Filipinach (ASzFil) którą stworzył osobiście bez ingerencji dowództwa (generał Douglas MacArthur dowiedział się o Fertigu kilka miesięcy po rozpoczęciu przez niego działań partyzanckich). Wendell Fertig samodzielnie mianował się generałem brygady – powód był prosty: Filipińczycy nie chcieliby współpracować z „armią”, w której najwyższy stopniem jest podpułkownikiem. Decyzja ta miała wymiar praktyczny, jak również czysto psychologiczny. Nigdy nie została formalnie zaakceptowana przez armię i nawet po wojnie Fertig nie został oficjalnie mianowany generałem.
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Commanding Officer, 10th Military District – Mindanao
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United States of America
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1941-01-01
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Commanding Officer, 10th Military District – Mindanao
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