. . . . . . . . . . "The 1930 Meuse Valley fog between December 1st and December 5th, killed 63 people in Belgium owing to a combination of industrial air pollution and a localized weather inversion. The River Meuse flows from France through Belgium and the Netherlands before entering the North Sea. The area in the Meuse Valley where the incident occurred, between the cities of Huy and Liege and centered around the town of Engis, was densely populated and had 27 factories. These factories produced zinc, steel, fertilizer, and explosives, amongst many other products. This was added to by large numbers of coal and wood heaters burning due to unseasonably cold weather. There were several thousand cases of illness over the week and the sixty three deaths occurred at the same time, with the first death occurring on"@en . . "left"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "5"^^ . . . "1930\uB144 \uBAFC\uC988 \uACC4\uACE1 \uC548\uAC1C\uB294 \uACF5\uC5C5 \uB300\uAE30 \uC624\uC5FC\uACFC \uD658\uACBD \uC870\uAC74\uC758 \uACB0\uD569\uC73C\uB85C \uBC1C\uC0DD\uD574 \uC0DD\uAE34 \uBCA8\uAE30\uC5D0 \uC758 \uC2A4\uBAA8\uADF8\uC774\uB2E4. \uC774 \uC2A4\uBAA8\uADF8\uB85C \uCD1D 60\uBA85\uC774 \uC0AC\uB9DD\uD588\uB2E4. \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC5D0\uC11C \uC2DC\uC791\uD558\uB294 \uBAFC\uC988 \uAC15\uC740 \uBCA8\uAE30\uC5D0\uC640 \uB124\uB35C\uB780\uB4DC\uB97C \uAC70\uCCD0 \uBD81\uD574\uB85C \uD758\uB7EC\uAC04\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uAC74\uC774 \uBC1C\uC0DD\uD55C \uBAFC\uC988 \uACC4\uACE1 \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC740 \uBC00\uB3C4\uAC00 \uB192\uC740 \uACF5\uC7A5 \uC9C0\uB300\uC774\uC790 \uC778\uAD6C \uBC00\uB3C4\uAC00 \uB192\uC740 \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. 2~3\uC77C \uB3D9\uC548 \uBC1C\uC0DD\uD55C \uC9D9\uC740 \uC2A4\uBAA8\uADF8\uB85C \uC778\uD574 60\uBA85\uC774 \uC0AC\uB9DD\uD558\uACE0 \uC218\uCC9C\uBA85\uC774 \uC785\uC6D0\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uB9DD\uC790 \uC911 56\uBA85\uC740 \uB3D9\uBD80 \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC5D0\uC11C \uBC1C\uC0DD\uD588\uB2E4. \uD658\uC790\uB4E4\uC758 \uC8FC\uC694 \uC99D\uC0C1\uC740 \uD638\uD761\uACE4\uB780\uC774\uC5C8\uC73C\uBA70, \uC0AC\uB9DD\uC790\uB4E4\uC758 \uD3C9\uADE0 \uC5F0\uB839\uC740 62\uC138\uB85C 20\uC138\uC5D0\uC11C 89\uC138 \uC0AC\uC774\uC758 \uB098\uC774 \uBC94\uC704\uC5D0 \uBC1C\uC0DD\uD588\uB2E4. \uC774 \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC758 \uAC00\uCD95\uB4E4\uB3C4 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uBC1B\uC558\uB2E4. 2000\uB144 12\uC6D4 2\uC77C \uC5E5\uAE30\uC2A4 \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC5D0\uB294 \uC2A4\uBAA8\uADF8 \uC0AC\uB9DD\uC790\uB4E4\uC744 \uC704\uD55C \uCD94\uBAA8\uBE44\uAC00 \uAC74\uC124\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko . . . "1121445779"^^ . . . . . "The 1930 Meuse Valley fog between December 1st and December 5th, killed 63 people in Belgium owing to a combination of industrial air pollution and a localized weather inversion. The River Meuse flows from France through Belgium and the Netherlands before entering the North Sea. The area in the Meuse Valley where the incident occurred, between the cities of Huy and Liege and centered around the town of Engis, was densely populated and had 27 factories. These factories produced zinc, steel, fertilizer, and explosives, amongst many other products. This was added to by large numbers of coal and wood heaters burning due to unseasonably cold weather. There were several thousand cases of illness over the week and the sixty three deaths occurred at the same time, with the first death occurring on December 3rd. Fifty-six of the deaths were to the east of Engis. The main symptom was dyspnea (shortness of breath) and the average age of those who died was 62, over a range of ages of 20 to 89 years. The youngest, a 20 year old woman named Louise Dammes, died walking home from a party and may have had undiagnosed asthma that contributed to her death. Cattle in the area were also affected. Kaj Roholm, Danish scientist and the world's leading authority on fluorine, determined that it was the fluorine gas from the nearby factories that was the killer. The exact date of this disaster is unknown.A statue and plaque commemorating those who died were inaugurated in Engis on 2 December 2000. Due to a similar(albeit less severe) incident that occurred in a nearby valley in 1911, killing off many cattle. As such, many farmers in the Meuse Valley fled to the hillside during the first two days of the smog, reducing livestock casualties and likely saving the lives of several farmers as well."@en . . "The location of Engis within Belgium."@en . . . "\u9A6C\u65AF\u6CB3\u8C37\u4E8B\u4EF6\uFF08\u4E5F\u79F0\u9A6C\u65AF\u6CB3\u8C37\u70DF\u96FE\u4E8B\u4EF6\u62161930\u5E74\u9A6C\u65AF\u6CB3\u8C37\u70DF\u96FE\u4E8B\u4EF6\uFF09\uFF0C\u662F\u63071930\u5E7412\u67081\u65E5\u201412\u67085\u65E5\u53D1\u751F\u5728\u6BD4\u5229\u65F6\u9A6C\u65AF\u6CB3\u8C37\u5DE5\u4E1A\u533A\u7684\u5927\u6C14\u6C61\u67D3\u4E8B\u4EF6\u3002\u9A6C\u65AF\u6CB3\u8C37\u5730\u533A\u5927\u91CF\u5DE5\u4E1A\u6392\u653E\u7684\u4E8C\u6C27\u5316\u786B\u3001\u6C22\u6C1F\u9178\u7B49\u6709\u5BB3\u6C14\u4F53\u548C\u7C89\u5C18\u5BFC\u81F4\u7684\u5BFC\u81F4\u7684\u3002\u8BE5\u4E8B\u4EF6\u6700\u7EC8\u5BFC\u81F460\u4F59\u4EBA\u6B7B\u4EA1\u3002\u9A6C\u65AF\u6CB3\u8C37\u4E8B\u4EF6\u88AB\u8BA4\u4E3A\u662F20\u4E16\u7EAA\u6700\u65E9\u88AB\u8BB0\u5F55\u7684\u7A7A\u6C14\u6C61\u67D3\u4E8B\u4EF6\u3002"@zh . . . "\uBAFC\uC988 \uACC4\uACE1 \uC548\uAC1C"@ko . "1930\uB144 \uBAFC\uC988 \uACC4\uACE1 \uC548\uAC1C\uB294 \uACF5\uC5C5 \uB300\uAE30 \uC624\uC5FC\uACFC \uD658\uACBD \uC870\uAC74\uC758 \uACB0\uD569\uC73C\uB85C \uBC1C\uC0DD\uD574 \uC0DD\uAE34 \uBCA8\uAE30\uC5D0 \uC758 \uC2A4\uBAA8\uADF8\uC774\uB2E4. \uC774 \uC2A4\uBAA8\uADF8\uB85C \uCD1D 60\uBA85\uC774 \uC0AC\uB9DD\uD588\uB2E4. \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC5D0\uC11C \uC2DC\uC791\uD558\uB294 \uBAFC\uC988 \uAC15\uC740 \uBCA8\uAE30\uC5D0\uC640 \uB124\uB35C\uB780\uB4DC\uB97C \uAC70\uCCD0 \uBD81\uD574\uB85C \uD758\uB7EC\uAC04\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uAC74\uC774 \uBC1C\uC0DD\uD55C \uBAFC\uC988 \uACC4\uACE1 \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC740 \uBC00\uB3C4\uAC00 \uB192\uC740 \uACF5\uC7A5 \uC9C0\uB300\uC774\uC790 \uC778\uAD6C \uBC00\uB3C4\uAC00 \uB192\uC740 \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. 2~3\uC77C \uB3D9\uC548 \uBC1C\uC0DD\uD55C \uC9D9\uC740 \uC2A4\uBAA8\uADF8\uB85C \uC778\uD574 60\uBA85\uC774 \uC0AC\uB9DD\uD558\uACE0 \uC218\uCC9C\uBA85\uC774 \uC785\uC6D0\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uB9DD\uC790 \uC911 56\uBA85\uC740 \uB3D9\uBD80 \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC5D0\uC11C \uBC1C\uC0DD\uD588\uB2E4. \uD658\uC790\uB4E4\uC758 \uC8FC\uC694 \uC99D\uC0C1\uC740 \uD638\uD761\uACE4\uB780\uC774\uC5C8\uC73C\uBA70, \uC0AC\uB9DD\uC790\uB4E4\uC758 \uD3C9\uADE0 \uC5F0\uB839\uC740 62\uC138\uB85C 20\uC138\uC5D0\uC11C 89\uC138 \uC0AC\uC774\uC758 \uB098\uC774 \uBC94\uC704\uC5D0 \uBC1C\uC0DD\uD588\uB2E4. \uC774 \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC758 \uAC00\uCD95\uB4E4\uB3C4 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uBC1B\uC558\uB2E4. 2000\uB144 12\uC6D4 2\uC77C \uC5E5\uAE30\uC2A4 \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC5D0\uB294 \uC2A4\uBAA8\uADF8 \uC0AC\uB9DD\uC790\uB4E4\uC744 \uC704\uD55C \uCD94\uBAA8\uBE44\uAC00 \uAC74\uC124\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko . "Brouillards toxiques dans la vall\u00E9e de la Meuse (d\u00E9cembre 1930)"@fr . . . . . "25"^^ . . . . . . . "3739"^^ . . "Dodelijke mist in de Maasvallei"@nl . "35918819"^^ . . "\u9A6C\u65AF\u6CB3\u8C37\u4E8B\u4EF6\uFF08\u4E5F\u79F0\u9A6C\u65AF\u6CB3\u8C37\u70DF\u96FE\u4E8B\u4EF6\u62161930\u5E74\u9A6C\u65AF\u6CB3\u8C37\u70DF\u96FE\u4E8B\u4EF6\uFF09\uFF0C\u662F\u63071930\u5E7412\u67081\u65E5\u201412\u67085\u65E5\u53D1\u751F\u5728\u6BD4\u5229\u65F6\u9A6C\u65AF\u6CB3\u8C37\u5DE5\u4E1A\u533A\u7684\u5927\u6C14\u6C61\u67D3\u4E8B\u4EF6\u3002\u9A6C\u65AF\u6CB3\u8C37\u5730\u533A\u5927\u91CF\u5DE5\u4E1A\u6392\u653E\u7684\u4E8C\u6C27\u5316\u786B\u3001\u6C22\u6C1F\u9178\u7B49\u6709\u5BB3\u6C14\u4F53\u548C\u7C89\u5C18\u5BFC\u81F4\u7684\u5BFC\u81F4\u7684\u3002\u8BE5\u4E8B\u4EF6\u6700\u7EC8\u5BFC\u81F460\u4F59\u4EBA\u6B7B\u4EA1\u3002\u9A6C\u65AF\u6CB3\u8C37\u4E8B\u4EF6\u88AB\u8BA4\u4E3A\u662F20\u4E16\u7EAA\u6700\u65E9\u88AB\u8BB0\u5F55\u7684\u7A7A\u6C14\u6C61\u67D3\u4E8B\u4EF6\u3002"@zh . . "Engis"@en . "De dodelijke mist was een verschijnsel dat zich in december 1930 voordeed in de Maasvallei nabij Luik. Meer precies ontwikkelde zich bij Engis een dichte mist die zich binnen vier dagen uitstrekte van Engis naar Jemeppe-sur-Meuse. Soortgelijke verschijnselen hadden zich al voorgedaan in 1897, 1902 en 1911. De ramp van 1930 kostte 67 mensen het leven. Om de herinnering levend te houden werd bij de herdenking in 2000 in Engis een kunstwerk van onthuld."@nl . . "De dodelijke mist was een verschijnsel dat zich in december 1930 voordeed in de Maasvallei nabij Luik. Meer precies ontwikkelde zich bij Engis een dichte mist die zich binnen vier dagen uitstrekte van Engis naar Jemeppe-sur-Meuse. Soortgelijke verschijnselen hadden zich al voorgedaan in 1897, 1902 en 1911. De ramp van 1930 kostte 67 mensen het leven. Door de Belgische regering werd aanvankelijk als verklaring gegeven dat er hier sprake was van koude mist, geruchten negerend dat het hier zou gaan om ontsnapte oorlogsgassen, die Duitse troepen tijdens hun terugtrekking aan het einde van de Eerste Wereldoorlog op Belgisch grondgebied zouden hebben begraven. De Belgische koningin Elisabeth was meteen na de ramp ter plaatse en eiste een grondiger onderzoek. Het onderzoek werd geleid door de Luikse patholoog . Zijn onderzoekscommissie bestond uit artsen, meteorologen, toxicologen en scheikundigen. In 1931 kwam men tot de conclusie dat de ramp veroorzaakt was door een massale uitstoot van fijn stof als gevolg van de verbranding van sterk zwavelhoudend steenkool door de plaatselijke industrie. Feitelijk was dit de eerste wetenschappelijke beschrijving van het verschijnsel smog. Later onderzoek heeft aannemelijk gemaakt dat de dood van de slachtoffers was veroorzaakt door acute fluorvergiftiging, afkomstig van fabrieken in de buurt. Om de herinnering levend te houden werd bij de herdenking in 2000 in Engis een kunstwerk van onthuld."@nl . "Map of Belgium showing the location of Engis."@en . "Les brouillards toxiques dans la vall\u00E9e de la Meuse constituent un \u00E9pisode de tr\u00E8s forte pollution atmosph\u00E9rique ayant eu lieu en d\u00E9cembre 1930, dans la vall\u00E9e de la Meuse, \u00E0 proximit\u00E9 de Seraing (proche de Li\u00E8ge en Belgique). Les cons\u00E9quences en furent importantes : on a relev\u00E9 60 d\u00E9c\u00E8s (soit, pour la p\u00E9riode de pollution, une mortalit\u00E9 accrue de 10,5 %, par rapport \u00E0 une p\u00E9riode normale). Plusieurs milliers de personnes ont \u00E9galement pr\u00E9sent\u00E9 des probl\u00E8mes respiratoires graves."@fr . "35"^^ . . "Les brouillards toxiques dans la vall\u00E9e de la Meuse constituent un \u00E9pisode de tr\u00E8s forte pollution atmosph\u00E9rique ayant eu lieu en d\u00E9cembre 1930, dans la vall\u00E9e de la Meuse, \u00E0 proximit\u00E9 de Seraing (proche de Li\u00E8ge en Belgique). Cette pollution, d'origine industrielle (importantes usines sid\u00E9rurgiques locales), a eu pour cause de tr\u00E8s mauvaises conditions de dispersion atmosph\u00E9rique (brouillards intenses, couche d'inversion de temp\u00E9rature basse et \u00E9paisse), associ\u00E9es \u00E0 de fortes \u00E9missions de SO2, de particules en suspension et d'a\u00E9rosols divers. C'est donc un ph\u00E9nom\u00E8ne extr\u00EAme de pollution acido-particulaire. Les cons\u00E9quences en furent importantes : on a relev\u00E9 60 d\u00E9c\u00E8s (soit, pour la p\u00E9riode de pollution, une mortalit\u00E9 accrue de 10,5 %, par rapport \u00E0 une p\u00E9riode normale). Plusieurs milliers de personnes ont \u00E9galement pr\u00E9sent\u00E9 des probl\u00E8mes respiratoires graves."@fr . . . . . . . . . . "\u9A6C\u65AF\u6CB3\u8C37\u4E8B\u4EF6"@zh . . "1930 Meuse Valley fog"@en . "50"^^ .