. . . "( \uC9C0\uBA85\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uC0AC\uB2F9\uB3D9\uACFC \uC0AC\uB2F9\uC5ED\uC744 \uCC38\uC870\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.) \uC0AC\uB2F9(\u7960\u5802)\uC740 \uC870\uC0C1\uC758 \uC2E0\uC8FC\uB97C \uBAA8\uC2DC\uACE0 \uC81C\uC0AC\uB97C \uC9C0\uB0B4\uB358 \uC9D1\uC774\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uB2F9\uC9D1, \uC0AC\uC6B0(\u7960\u5B87), \uAC00\uBB18\uB77C\uACE0\uB3C4 \uD558\uBA70, \uC655\uC2E4\uC758 \uC0AC\uB2F9\uC740 \uC885\uBB18\uB77C\uACE0 \uD55C\uB2E4. \uC8FC\uC790\uC758 \u226A\uAC00\uB840 \u5BB6\u79AE\u226B\uC5D0\uC11C \uC0AC\uB2F9\uC774\uB77C\uACE0 \uCE6D\uD558\uC5EC \uD1B5\uC6A9\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . "Un sanctuaire des anc\u00EAtres (\u7960\u5802 ou \u5B97\u7960, en vietnamien : Nh\u00E0 th\u1EDD h\u1ECD), aussi appel\u00E9 salle des anc\u00EAtres, temple des anc\u00EAtres et temple de la lign\u00E9e, est un \u00E9difice d\u00E9di\u00E9 \u00E0 la (en) et des fondateurs de lign\u00E9es familiales dans la tradition chinoise. Ces sanctuaires sont \u00E9troitement li\u00E9s \u00E0 la philosophie et la culture confucianistes et l'accent qu'elles mettent sur la pi\u00E9t\u00E9 filiale."@fr . . . . . . . . . "Un sanctuaire des anc\u00EAtres (\u7960\u5802 ou \u5B97\u7960, en vietnamien : Nh\u00E0 th\u1EDD h\u1ECD), aussi appel\u00E9 salle des anc\u00EAtres, temple des anc\u00EAtres et temple de la lign\u00E9e, est un \u00E9difice d\u00E9di\u00E9 \u00E0 la (en) et des fondateurs de lign\u00E9es familiales dans la tradition chinoise. Ces sanctuaires sont \u00E9troitement li\u00E9s \u00E0 la philosophie et la culture confucianistes et l'accent qu'elles mettent sur la pi\u00E9t\u00E9 filiale."@fr . "Citang"@nl . . "Sanctuaire des anc\u00EAtres"@fr . . "Ancestral shrine"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Il tempio ancestrale, tempio gentilizio o tempio di lignaggio (\u7960\u5802 c\u00EDt\u00E1ng o \u5B97\u7960 z\u014Dngc\u00ED) \u00E8 un tipo di tempio (\u5E99 mi\u00E0o) della religione tradizionale cinese dedicato agli antenati deificati e agli d\u00E8i protettori di un lignaggio gentilizio (\u5B97\u65CF z\u014Dngz\u00FA), al culto degli antenati della famiglia. In questi templi si trovano altari con statue, ritratti, o tavolette dei nomi degli antenati, cui sono devoluti sacrifici. Inoltre vi si svolgono i matrimoni tradizionali, in cui la donna entra formalmente nella sfera spirituale della famiglia del marito. I templi ancestrali sono propriet\u00E0 collettiva di tutte le famiglie appartenenti allo stesso lignaggio gentilizio."@it . . . "Tempio ancestrale"@it . . . . "1110814248"^^ . . . "\u7960\u5802\uFF0C\u53C8\u79F0\u5BB6\u5E99\u3001\u7956\u5802\u3001\u516C\u5385\uFF0C\u662F\u57FA\u65BC\u5B97\u6CD5\u5236\u5EA6\uFF0C\u7528\u4E8E\u4F9B\u5949\u548C\u796D\u7940\u7956\u5148\u7684\u7960\uFF0C\u5176\u53C8\u5177\u6709\u4ECE\u4E8B\u5BB6\u65CF\u5BA3\u4F20\u3001\u6267\u884C\u65CF\u89C4\u5BB6\u6CD5\u3001\u8BAE\u4E8B\u5BB4\u996E\u7684\u529F\u80FD\u3002\u7528\u4E8E\u4E3E\u529E\u5BB6\u65CF\u5185\u5B50\u5B59\u7684\u5A5A\u3001\u4E27\u3001\u5BFF\u3001\u559C\u7B49\u4E8B\uFF0C\u8FD8\u53EF\u4EE5\u4F5C\u70BA\u79C1\u587E\u4F7F\u7528\u3002\u7960\u5802\u53EF\u5206\u4E3A\u5B97\u7960\u548C\u5BB6\u7960\uFF08\u6216\u652F\u7960\uFF09\u4E24\u7C7B\uFF0C\u5B97\u7960\u662F\u7684\u7960\u5802\uFF0C\u5BB6\u7960\u3001\u652F\u7960\u5219\u662F\u5206\u5BB6\u6240\u5EFA\u4F9B\u5949\u5206\u623F\u7684\u7956\u5148\u3002"@zh . . "An ancestral shrine, hall or temple (Chinese: \u7960\u5802; pinyin: C\u00EDt\u00E1ng or Chinese: \u5B97\u7960; pinyin: Z\u014Dng C\u00ED, Vietnamese: Nh\u00E0 th\u1EDD h\u1ECD; Ch\u1EEF H\u00E1n: \u5BB6\u7960\u6237), also called lineage temple, is a temple dedicated to deified ancestors and progenitors of surname lineages or families in the Chinese tradition. Ancestral temples are closely linked to Confucian philosophy and culture and the emphasis that it places on filial piety. A common central feature of the ancestral temples are the ancestral tablets that embody the ancestral spirits. The ancestral tablets are typically arranged by seniority of the ancestors. Altars and other ritual objects such as incense burners are also common fixtures. Ancestors and gods can also be represented by statues. The temples are used for collective rituals and festivals in honor of the ancestors but also for other family- and community-related functions such as weddings and funerals. Sometimes, they serve wider community functions such as meetings and local elections. In traditional weddings, the ancestral temple serves a major symbolic function, completing the transfer of a woman to her husband's family. During the wedding rites, the bride and groom worship at the groom's ancestral shrine, bowing as follows: 1. \n* first bow - Heaven and Earth 2. \n* second bow - ancestors 3. \n* third bow - parents 4. \n* fourth bow - spouse Three months after the marriage, the wife undertakes worship at the husband's ancestral shrine, in a rite known as miaojian (\u5EDF\u898B). In mainland China, ancestral temples along with other temples have often been destroyed or forced to become \"secularized\" as village schools or granaries during the land reform of the 1950s and the Cultural Revolution. They have experienced a revival since the economic liberalization of the 1980s. The revival of the ancestral temples has been particularly strong in southern China where lineage organization had stronger roots in the local culture and local communities are more likely to have clan members living overseas who are keen to support the revival and rebuilding of the shrines through donations."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uC0AC\uB2F9"@ko . . . "\u7960\u5802"@zh . . . . . . "Il tempio ancestrale, tempio gentilizio o tempio di lignaggio (\u7960\u5802 c\u00EDt\u00E1ng o \u5B97\u7960 z\u014Dngc\u00ED) \u00E8 un tipo di tempio (\u5E99 mi\u00E0o) della religione tradizionale cinese dedicato agli antenati deificati e agli d\u00E8i protettori di un lignaggio gentilizio (\u5B97\u65CF z\u014Dngz\u00FA), al culto degli antenati della famiglia. In questi templi si trovano altari con statue, ritratti, o tavolette dei nomi degli antenati, cui sono devoluti sacrifici. Inoltre vi si svolgono i matrimoni tradizionali, in cui la donna entra formalmente nella sfera spirituale della famiglia del marito. I templi ancestrali sono propriet\u00E0 collettiva di tutte le famiglie appartenenti allo stesso lignaggio gentilizio."@it . "7843"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "De citang, familietempel of vooroudertempel is een gebouw dat in grote Chinese huizen is te vinden. Het is meestal het centrale punt van een huis of huizencomplex van \u00E9\u00E9n familie. Een citang is in het confucianisme zeer belangrijk want een citang is een gebouw waar de voorouders worden ge\u00EBerd. De citang vindt zijn oorsprong in de Han-dynastie. Voor de jaren 70 van de twintigste eeuw mochten alleen jongens en mannen in de citang komen. In de citang staan de namen van de overleden voorouders op houten plankjes (shenzhupai, \u795E\u4E3B\u724C) op een rij op een grote tafel (shentai, \u795E\u81FA)."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u7960\u5802\uFF0C\u53C8\u79F0\u5BB6\u5E99\u3001\u7956\u5802\u3001\u516C\u5385\uFF0C\u662F\u57FA\u65BC\u5B97\u6CD5\u5236\u5EA6\uFF0C\u7528\u4E8E\u4F9B\u5949\u548C\u796D\u7940\u7956\u5148\u7684\u7960\uFF0C\u5176\u53C8\u5177\u6709\u4ECE\u4E8B\u5BB6\u65CF\u5BA3\u4F20\u3001\u6267\u884C\u65CF\u89C4\u5BB6\u6CD5\u3001\u8BAE\u4E8B\u5BB4\u996E\u7684\u529F\u80FD\u3002\u7528\u4E8E\u4E3E\u529E\u5BB6\u65CF\u5185\u5B50\u5B59\u7684\u5A5A\u3001\u4E27\u3001\u5BFF\u3001\u559C\u7B49\u4E8B\uFF0C\u8FD8\u53EF\u4EE5\u4F5C\u70BA\u79C1\u587E\u4F7F\u7528\u3002\u7960\u5802\u53EF\u5206\u4E3A\u5B97\u7960\u548C\u5BB6\u7960\uFF08\u6216\u652F\u7960\uFF09\u4E24\u7C7B\uFF0C\u5B97\u7960\u662F\u7684\u7960\u5802\uFF0C\u5BB6\u7960\u3001\u652F\u7960\u5219\u662F\u5206\u5BB6\u6240\u5EFA\u4F9B\u5949\u5206\u623F\u7684\u7956\u5148\u3002"@zh . . . . "( \uC9C0\uBA85\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uC0AC\uB2F9\uB3D9\uACFC \uC0AC\uB2F9\uC5ED\uC744 \uCC38\uC870\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.) \uC0AC\uB2F9(\u7960\u5802)\uC740 \uC870\uC0C1\uC758 \uC2E0\uC8FC\uB97C \uBAA8\uC2DC\uACE0 \uC81C\uC0AC\uB97C \uC9C0\uB0B4\uB358 \uC9D1\uC774\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uB2F9\uC9D1, \uC0AC\uC6B0(\u7960\u5B87), \uAC00\uBB18\uB77C\uACE0\uB3C4 \uD558\uBA70, \uC655\uC2E4\uC758 \uC0AC\uB2F9\uC740 \uC885\uBB18\uB77C\uACE0 \uD55C\uB2E4. \uC8FC\uC790\uC758 \u226A\uAC00\uB840 \u5BB6\u79AE\u226B\uC5D0\uC11C \uC0AC\uB2F9\uC774\uB77C\uACE0 \uCE6D\uD558\uC5EC \uD1B5\uC6A9\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko . . . . "30494909"^^ . . . . "An ancestral shrine, hall or temple (Chinese: \u7960\u5802; pinyin: C\u00EDt\u00E1ng or Chinese: \u5B97\u7960; pinyin: Z\u014Dng C\u00ED, Vietnamese: Nh\u00E0 th\u1EDD h\u1ECD; Ch\u1EEF H\u00E1n: \u5BB6\u7960\u6237), also called lineage temple, is a temple dedicated to deified ancestors and progenitors of surname lineages or families in the Chinese tradition. Ancestral temples are closely linked to Confucian philosophy and culture and the emphasis that it places on filial piety. 1. \n* first bow - Heaven and Earth 2. \n* second bow - ancestors 3. \n* third bow - parents 4. \n* fourth bow - spouse"@en . "De citang, familietempel of vooroudertempel is een gebouw dat in grote Chinese huizen is te vinden. Het is meestal het centrale punt van een huis of huizencomplex van \u00E9\u00E9n familie. Een citang is in het confucianisme zeer belangrijk want een citang is een gebouw waar de voorouders worden ge\u00EBerd. De citang vindt zijn oorsprong in de Han-dynastie. Voor de jaren 70 van de twintigste eeuw mochten alleen jongens en mannen in de citang komen. In de citang staan de namen van de overleden voorouders op houten plankjes (shenzhupai, \u795E\u4E3B\u724C) op een rij op een grote tafel (shentai, \u795E\u81FA)."@nl . . . . . . . . .