. . . . "9469"^^ . . "Los Angeles, California, US"@en . . . "\u0411\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0441, \u041A\u044D\u043B\u0432\u0438\u043D"@ru . "1889-01-11"^^ . . . "\u041A\u044D\u043B\u0432\u0438\u043D \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0441 (11 \u044F\u043D\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044F 1889, Schuyler Falls[d], \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A[\u2026] \u2014 27 \u0434\u0435\u043A\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044F 1938[\u2026], \u041B\u043E\u0441-\u0410\u043D\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0441, \u041A\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0438\u044F) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u043D\u044B\u0439, \u0431\u0438\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433 \u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043A, \u0447\u044C\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u044B \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0432\u044F\u0449\u0435\u043D\u044B \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u043A\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0441\u043E\u043C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044E \u0445\u0440\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0441\u043E\u043C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0432 \u043E\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0430, \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044E \u0445\u0440\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0441\u043E\u043C \u0443 Drosophila melanogaster, \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0445\u0440\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0441\u043E\u043C \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043A\u0440\u044B\u043B\u044B\u0445."@ru . . . . . "Calvin Blackman Bridges"@en . . . . "Calvin Blackman Bridges (* 11. Januar 1889 in , New York; \u2020 27. Dezember 1938 in Los Angeles, Kalifornien) war ein US-amerikanischer Genetiker. Zusammen mit Alfred Sturtevant und Hermann J. Muller geh\u00F6rte er zur Morgan-Gruppe, die gemeinsam im legend\u00E4ren Fliegenraum der Columbia University an der Taufliege Drosophila melanogaster forschte. Bridges hatte ein besonderes Auge f\u00FCr die Entdeckung neuer Mutanten bei der Taufliege. 1937 wurde Bridges in die National Academy of Sciences gew\u00E4hlt. Bridges schrieb seine Dissertation \u00FCber die \u201ENon-disjunction as proof of the chromosome theory of heredity\u201C (dt.: \u201EDie Nicht-Trennung von Chromosomen als Beweis f\u00FCr die Chromosomentheorie der Vererbung\u201C). Diese Arbeit erschien 1916 als erster Beitrag in der Zeitschrift Genetics und wurde als endg\u00FCltiger Beweis der Chromosomentheorie der Vererbung angesehen. In seiner Arbeit \u00FCber mit dem Merkmal Geschlecht gekoppelte Eigenschaften bei der Fruchtfliege Drosophila melanogaster schlug er die These vor, dass die Gene auf den Chromosomen angeordnet sind. Nettie Maria Stevens konnte diese Hypothese sp\u00E4ter bei Forschungen an den Chromosomen der Fruchtfliege verifizieren. Bridges schrieb einige Aufs\u00E4tze, in denen er diesen Beweis darlegte. Er dankte Miss Stevens, ohne jedoch genau darzulegen, welchen Beitrag sie geleistet hatte. Die Beobachtung und Dokumentation der Polyt\u00E4nchromosomen in larvalen Speicheldr\u00FCsenzellen bei Drosophila ist Bridges' bekanntester Beitrag unter Drosophila-Forschern. Die dort zu erkennenden Bandmuster auf den Chromosomen konnten von zeitgen\u00F6ssischen Forschern als Markierungen genutzt werden."@de . "Calvin Blackman Bridges, f\u00F6dd 11 januari 1889, d\u00F6d 27 december 1938, var en amerikansk \u00E4rftlighetsforskare. Bridges blev filosofie doktor 1916 och anst\u00E4lldes vid California Institute of Technology i Pasadena 1928. Han har verksamt bidragit till utformningen av den moderna kromosomteorin f\u00F6r f\u00F6rklaring av \u00E4rftlighetsf\u00F6reteelserna och utgav The mechanism of Mendelian heredity (2:a upplagan 1923), Sexlinked inheritance in Drosophila (1916), The second chromosome group of mutant characters (1919) och The third chromosome group of mutant Characters of Drosophila melanogaster (1923)."@sv . "\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064A\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u064A\u062F\u063A\u0632 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Calvin Bridges)\u200F \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062D\u064A\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062B\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0644\u062F \u0641\u064A 11 \u064A\u0646\u0627\u064A\u0631 1889 \u0641\u064A Schuyler Falls \u200F \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629\u060C \u0648\u062A\u0648\u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A 27 \u062F\u064A\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1938 \u0641\u064A \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629."@ar . "Calvin Bridges"@sv . . . "Calvin Blackman Bridges \u00E8 stato un biologo statunitense conosciuto per i suoi contributi nell'ambito della genetica.Bridges, insieme ad Alfred Sturtevant e Hermann Joseph Muller, fece parte della famosa stanza delle mosche di Thomas Hunt Morgan alla Columbia University. I suoi lavori con i tratti legati al sesso delle mosche della frutta Drosophila melanogaster suggerirono che i cromosomi contenessero geni. In seguito Nettie Maria Stevens fu in grado di provare questa ipotesi esaminando i cromosomi delle mosche della frutta. Bridges scrisse un paio di documenti presentando le prove, la ringrazi\u00F2 citandola solo come \"Miss Stevens\" senza dichiarare quali fossero stati i suoi contributi e senza nemmeno riferirsi al suo dottorato. I contributi pi\u00F9 noti di Bridges tra i ricercatori della Drosophila sono le sue osservazioni ed i documenti sui cromosomi politenici trovati nelle cellule delle ghiandole salivari delle larve. I pattern di questi cromosomi sono ancora usati come riferimento genetico dai ricercatori contemporanei. Bridges mor\u00EC nel 1938 a Los Angeles, California. Esistono diverse versioni sulla causa della sua morte, \u00E8 incerto se si sia trattato di sifilide, o insufficienza cardiaca dovuta ad un'infezione delle valvole."@it . "Calvin Blackman Bridges (11 janvier 1889 - 27 d\u00E9cembre 1938) est un scientifique am\u00E9ricain connu pour ses travaux dans le domaine de la g\u00E9n\u00E9tique. Il fait partie de l'\u00E9quipe du prix Nobel de physiologie ou m\u00E9decine Thomas Hunt Morgan \u00E0 l'Universit\u00E9 Columbia, avec Alfred Sturtevant et Hermann Joseph Muller."@fr . . "173195"^^ . . "Calvin Blackman Bridges (11 de Janeiro de 1889 - 27 de Dezembro de 1938) foi um cientista dos Estados Unidos da Am\u00E9rica, conhecidos pelas suas contribui\u00E7\u00F5es no campo da Gen\u00E9tica, Juntamente com Alfred Sturtevant e Hermann Joseph Muller, Bridges trabalhou na famosa Sala das Moscas de Thomas Hunt Morgan, na Universidade de Columbia. Bridges escreveu a sua tese de doutoramento sobre a \"n\u00E3o-disjun\u00E7\u00E3o como prova da teoria da hereditariedade cromoss\u00F3mica\". Apareceu como o primeiro artigo da primeira edi\u00E7\u00E3o da publica\u00E7\u00E3o cient\u00EDfica , em 1916."@pt . . . . . . . . . "Calvin Blackman Bridges"@en . . . "Calvin Blackman Bridges, f\u00F6dd 11 januari 1889, d\u00F6d 27 december 1938, var en amerikansk \u00E4rftlighetsforskare. Bridges blev filosofie doktor 1916 och anst\u00E4lldes vid California Institute of Technology i Pasadena 1928. Han har verksamt bidragit till utformningen av den moderna kromosomteorin f\u00F6r f\u00F6rklaring av \u00E4rftlighetsf\u00F6reteelserna och utgav The mechanism of Mendelian heredity (2:a upplagan 1923), Sexlinked inheritance in Drosophila (1916), The second chromosome group of mutant characters (1919) och The third chromosome group of mutant Characters of Drosophila melanogaster (1923)."@sv . . . . . . . "Calvin Blackman Bridges (* 11. Januar 1889 in , New York; \u2020 27. Dezember 1938 in Los Angeles, Kalifornien) war ein US-amerikanischer Genetiker. Zusammen mit Alfred Sturtevant und Hermann J. Muller geh\u00F6rte er zur Morgan-Gruppe, die gemeinsam im legend\u00E4ren Fliegenraum der Columbia University an der Taufliege Drosophila melanogaster forschte. Bridges hatte ein besonderes Auge f\u00FCr die Entdeckung neuer Mutanten bei der Taufliege. 1937 wurde Bridges in die National Academy of Sciences gew\u00E4hlt."@de . "Calvin Bridges"@fr . "Calvin Blackman Bridges va ser un genetista nord-americ\u00E0. Un dels col\u00B7laboradors m\u00E9s importants de Thomas Hunt Morgan, els seus treballs sobre la Dros\u00F2fila van permetre demostrar emp\u00EDricament que els cromosomes s\u00F3n els portadors dels gens."@ca . . . "Columbia University"@en . . . "Calvin Blackman Bridges (11 janvier 1889 - 27 d\u00E9cembre 1938) est un scientifique am\u00E9ricain connu pour ses travaux dans le domaine de la g\u00E9n\u00E9tique. Il fait partie de l'\u00E9quipe du prix Nobel de physiologie ou m\u00E9decine Thomas Hunt Morgan \u00E0 l'Universit\u00E9 Columbia, avec Alfred Sturtevant et Hermann Joseph Muller."@fr . . . . "Calvin Bridges"@en . "\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064A\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u064A\u062F\u063A\u0632 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Calvin Bridges)\u200F \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062D\u064A\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062B\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0644\u062F \u0641\u064A 11 \u064A\u0646\u0627\u064A\u0631 1889 \u0641\u064A Schuyler Falls \u200F \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629\u060C \u0648\u062A\u0648\u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A 27 \u062F\u064A\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1938 \u0641\u064A \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629."@ar . "1113615113"^^ . . . . "Calvin Blackman Bridges (January 11, 1889 \u2013 December 27, 1938) was an American scientist known for his contributions to the field of genetics. Along with Alfred Sturtevant and H.J. Muller, Bridges was part of Thomas Hunt Morgan's famous \"Fly Room\" at Columbia University."@en . . "Calvin Bridges"@de . . . . . "Calvin Bridges"@ca . . . . . "--12-27"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "Calvin Blackman Bridges \u00E8 stato un biologo statunitense conosciuto per i suoi contributi nell'ambito della genetica.Bridges, insieme ad Alfred Sturtevant e Hermann Joseph Muller, fece parte della famosa stanza delle mosche di Thomas Hunt Morgan alla Columbia University. Bridges mor\u00EC nel 1938 a Los Angeles, California. Esistono diverse versioni sulla causa della sua morte, \u00E8 incerto se si sia trattato di sifilide, o insufficienza cardiaca dovuta ad un'infezione delle valvole."@it . "Calvin Blackman Bridges (11 de Janeiro de 1889 - 27 de Dezembro de 1938) foi um cientista dos Estados Unidos da Am\u00E9rica, conhecidos pelas suas contribui\u00E7\u00F5es no campo da Gen\u00E9tica, Juntamente com Alfred Sturtevant e Hermann Joseph Muller, Bridges trabalhou na famosa Sala das Moscas de Thomas Hunt Morgan, na Universidade de Columbia. Bridges escreveu a sua tese de doutoramento sobre a \"n\u00E3o-disjun\u00E7\u00E3o como prova da teoria da hereditariedade cromoss\u00F3mica\". Apareceu como o primeiro artigo da primeira edi\u00E7\u00E3o da publica\u00E7\u00E3o cient\u00EDfica , em 1916. O seu trabalho com tra\u00E7os ligados ao sexo, na mosca-da-fruta Drosophila melanogaster, sugeriam que os cromossomas continham genes. Mais tarde, conseguiu provar essa hip\u00F3tese, atrav\u00E9s da an\u00E1lise de cromossomas da mosca-da-fruta. Bridges escreveu dois artigos apresentando a prova. A contribui\u00E7\u00E3o mais conhecida de Bridges, entre os pesquisadores de Drosophila, foi a observa\u00E7\u00E3o e documenta\u00E7\u00E3o dos das glandulas salivares de larvas da mosca. Os padr\u00F5es de bandeamento desses cromossomas s\u00E3o ainda hoje utilizados como marcadores gen\u00E9ticos."@pt . . . . . . . . . "1889-01-11"^^ . . . . . . . . "Calvin Blackman Bridges va ser un genetista nord-americ\u00E0. Un dels col\u00B7laboradors m\u00E9s importants de Thomas Hunt Morgan, els seus treballs sobre la Dros\u00F2fila van permetre demostrar emp\u00EDricament que els cromosomes s\u00F3n els portadors dels gens."@ca . . . . . "\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064A\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u064A\u062F\u063A\u0632 (\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645)"@ar . . . . . . . . . . . "\u041A\u044D\u043B\u0432\u0438\u043D \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0441 (11 \u044F\u043D\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044F 1889, Schuyler Falls[d], \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A[\u2026] \u2014 27 \u0434\u0435\u043A\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044F 1938[\u2026], \u041B\u043E\u0441-\u0410\u043D\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0441, \u041A\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0438\u044F) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u043D\u044B\u0439, \u0431\u0438\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433 \u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043A, \u0447\u044C\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u044B \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0432\u044F\u0449\u0435\u043D\u044B \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u043A\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0441\u043E\u043C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044E \u0445\u0440\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0441\u043E\u043C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0432 \u043E\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0430, \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044E \u0445\u0440\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0441\u043E\u043C \u0443 Drosophila melanogaster, \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0445\u0440\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0441\u043E\u043C \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043A\u0440\u044B\u043B\u044B\u0445."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Schuyler Falls, New York, US"@en . . . . . "Calvin Bridges"@pt . . . . . . . . . . . "Calvin Blackman Bridges (January 11, 1889 \u2013 December 27, 1938) was an American scientist known for his contributions to the field of genetics. Along with Alfred Sturtevant and H.J. Muller, Bridges was part of Thomas Hunt Morgan's famous \"Fly Room\" at Columbia University."@en . . . "Calvin Bridges"@it . .