. . . . . . . . . . "Dign\u0101ga (a.k.a. Di\u1E45n\u0101ga, c. 480 \u2013 c. 540 CE) was an Indian Buddhist scholar and one of the Buddhist founders of Indian logic (hetu vidy\u0101). Dign\u0101ga's work laid the groundwork for the development of deductive logic in India and created the first system of Buddhist logic and epistemology (Pramana). Dign\u0101ga was born in Simhavakta near Kanchipuram and very little is known of his early years, except that he took Nagadatta of the Pudgalavada school as his spiritual preceptor, before being expelled and becoming a student of Vasubandhu."@en . . "Dignaga"@it . . . . "\u0414\u0456\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0430"@uk . . "\u0414\u0438\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0430"@ru . . . . . . . . . . "Dign\u0101ga"@es . . . "\u062F\u064A\u063A\u0627\u0646\u063A\u0627"@ar . . . . . "\u9673\u90A3\uFF08\u3058\u3093\u306A\u3001\u3061\u3093\u306A\u3001\u68B5: \u0926\u093F\u0917\u094D\u0928\u093E\u0917, Dign\u0101ga, \u30C7\u30A3\u30B0\u30CA\u30FC\u30AC\u3001480\u5E74\u9803-540\u5E74\u9803\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u552F\u8B58\u306E\u7ACB\u5834\u304B\u3089\u306E\u65B0\u3057\u3044\u4ECF\u6559\u8AD6\u7406\u5B66\uFF08=\u56E0\u660E\u5B66\uFF09\u3092\u78BA\u7ACB\u3057\u305F\u6709\u76F8\u552F\u8B58\u6D3E\u306E\u4ECF\u6559\u601D\u60F3\u5BB6\u3002\u5357\u30A4\u30F3\u30C9\u306E\u5A46\u7F85\u9580\u306E\u51FA\u8EAB\u3002\u6700\u521D\u306F\u3001\u90E8\u6D3E\u4ECF\u6559\u306E\u72A2\u5B50\u90E8\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u51FA\u5BB6\u3057\u305F\u304C\u3001\u5F8C\u306B\u5927\u4E57\u4ECF\u6559\u306B\u5E30\u3057\u3001\u4E16\u89AA\u306E\u3082\u3068\u3067\u552F\u8B58\u3068\u8AD6\u7406\u5B66\u3092\u5B66\u3093\u3060\u3068\u4F1D\u3048\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002\u305D\u306E\u4F1D\u7D71\u306F\u30A4\u30F3\u30C9\u8AD6\u7406\u5B66\u6700\u9AD8\u5CF0\u3068\u3044\u308F\u308C\u308B\u6CD5\u79F0\uFF08\u30C0\u30EB\u30DE\u30AD\u30FC\u30EB\u30C6\u30A3\uFF09\u306B\u53D7\u3051\u7D99\u304C\u308C\u305F\u3002 \u307E\u305F\u3001\u305D\u306E\u601D\u60F3\u30FB\u8AD6\u7406\u5B66\u306F\u3001\u4E2D\u89B3\u6D3E\u306E\u6E05\u5F01\u306B\u3082\u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u4E0E\u3048\u3001\u4E2D\u89B3\u6D3E\u5185\u306B\u300C\u81EA\u7ACB\u8AD6\u8A3C\u6D3E\u300D\uFF08\u30B9\u30F4\u30A1\u30FC\u30BF\u30F3\u30C8\u30EA\u30AB\uFF09\u3001\u66F4\u306B\u5F8C\u306B\u306F\u300C\u745C\u4F3D\u884C\u4E2D\u89B3\u6D3E\u300D\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u6D41\u6D3E\u304C\u5F62\u6210\u3055\u308C\u308B\u5951\u6A5F\u3068\u306A\u3063\u305F\u3002"@ja . . . . "\u0414\u0456\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0430 ( \u043F\u0440. 480-540) - \u0456\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0456\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u0456\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u043A\u0438. \u0414\u0456\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0441\u044F \u0443 \u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0456 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0443 (\u041A\u0430\u043D\u0447\u0456\u043F\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043C). \u041F\u0440\u043E \u0439\u043E\u0433\u043E \u044E\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u043E \u0434\u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043C\u0430\u043B\u043E, \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043D\u044F\u0442\u043A\u043E\u043C \u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E, \u0449\u043E \u0432\u0456\u043D \u0432\u0437\u044F\u0432 \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0456 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u041D\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0443 \u0456\u0437 \u0448\u043A\u043E\u043B\u0438 \u0412\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0456\u043F\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0456\u044F. \u0426\u044F \u0448\u043A\u043E\u043B\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0434\u0443\u043C\u043A\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0449\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434 \u043F\u0440\u043E \u0456\u0441\u043D\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0441\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0457 \u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456, \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0435\u043B\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u0437 \u044F\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u043D\u0430 \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F."@uk . "Dignaga (* ca. 480; \u2020 540) war ein indischer Logiker. Neben seinem Lehrer Vasubandhu und Dharmakirti z\u00E4hlt Dignaga zu den einflussreichsten Autoren von -Literatur innerhalb des Mahayana-Buddhismus. Die bekanntesten Werke Dignagas sind sein (\u201ERad der Gr\u00FCnde\u201C) und sein (tib.: tshad ma kun las btus pa). Siehe auch: Indische Logik"@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Dignaga"@de . . "Dign\u0101ga"@fr . . "1280290"^^ . . "\u0414\u0438\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0430 (\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0440. \u0926\u093F\u0917\u094D\u0928\u093E\u0917; (mah\u0101-)dign\u0101ga, dign\u0101ga; \u0442\u0438\u0431. \u0F55\u0FB1\u0F7C\u0F42\u0F66\u0F0B\u0F40\u0FB1\u0F72\u0F0B\u0F42\u0FB3\u0F44\u0F0B\u0F54\u0F7C\u0F0D \u2014 Phrogs-kyi gLang-po; \u043A\u0438\u0442. \u9673\u90A3 \u2014 \u0427\u044D\u043D\u044C\u043D\u0430, \u0436\u0438\u043B \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E 480\u2014540) \u2014 \u0438\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043C\u044B\u0441\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043C\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0445, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0434\u043B\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u043A\u043E\u043B\u0435 \u0439\u043E\u0433\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0440\u0430, \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u0438\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 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\u0438\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C (\u043F\u0443\u0434\u0433\u0430\u043B\u0430), \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u043D\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043E\u0442 \u043E\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u044D\u043B\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0432, \u0432\u0445\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0435\u0451 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432. \u041F\u043E\u0437\u0436\u0435 \u043E\u043D \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043B\u0441\u044F \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u043A\u0435 \u0443 \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0443\u0431\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0445\u0443 \u0438 \u043E\u0441\u0432\u043E\u0438\u043B \u043C\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0442\u043E\u0432, \u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432 \u043C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0431\u0435\u0434. \u041F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u044B \u0414\u0438\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043B \u0432 \u041E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435. \u0411\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0438\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E \u0435\u0433\u043E \u0441\u043E\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043E\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0432 \u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C \u0438 \u0442\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0445. \u0420\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430 \u0414\u0438\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u0425\u0435\u0442\u0443\u0447\u0430\u043A\u0440\u0430 (\u041A\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0441\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043D\u044B) \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0432\u044F\u0449\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u043A\u0435 \u0438 \u0432\u044B\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043D\u043E\u0432\u0443\u044E \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0443\u043C\u043E\u0437\u0430\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F. \u042D\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043C \u043C\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043D\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043E\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0440\u0443: \u043F\u0438\u044F \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u044C\u044F: \u043F\u0442\u0438, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0443\u044E \u0414\u0438\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043B \u043F\u043E\u0437\u0436\u0435. \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u044B: \n* \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u043E\u0431 \u043E\u0431\u044A\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 : \u0414\u0438\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0430, \u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044F \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0443\u0431\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0445\u0443, \u0434\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0437\u044B\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u043E\u0431\u044A\u0435\u043A\u0442 \u043F\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043D\u0435 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0434\u043B\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044C \u0432\u043D\u0435\u0448\u043D\u0435\u043C\u0443 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u0443, \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0443\u044F \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044F: \u043E\u0431\u044A\u0435\u043A\u0442 \u043F\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0434\u043E\u043B\u0436\u0435\u043D \u0431\u044B\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0438 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044C \u0442\u043E\u0439 \u0436\u0435 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u043E\u0439, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438. \u0412\u043D\u0435\u0448\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043E\u0431\u044A\u0435\u043A\u0442, \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u00AB\u043C\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u043E\u0439\u00BB (\u0441\u0442\u0445\u0443\u043B\u0430-\u0430\u043A\u0430\u0440\u0430), \u044D\u0442\u0438\u043C \u0443\u0441\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0438\u044F\u043C \u043D\u0435 \u0441\u043E\u043E\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442, \u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E \u0433\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0442\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043A\u043E \u043E\u0431 \u00AB\u043E\u0431\u044A\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0435, \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0449\u0435\u043C\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438\u00BB \n* \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u043E\u0431 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430\u0445 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u2014 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434 \u0414\u0438\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u043F\u043E \u044D\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u043A\u0435. \n* \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u043E \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446\u0438\u043F\u0430\u0445 \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u043A\u0438. \u0414\u0438\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u043F\u044B\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0441\u044F \u0441\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0443\u043B\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044C, \u043A\u0430\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438. \u0414\u0438\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0434\u043B\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043B\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u0441\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043A\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u044B, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C \u043D\u0435 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u043F\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0445\u0438, \u0430 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u043F\u0430\u043D\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0445\u0430\u043A\u0430\u043B\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u2014 \u00AB\u043F\u044F\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0430\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0446\u0438\u044F \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043A\u0430\u00BB."@ru . . . "Dign\u0101ga (Di\u1E45n\u0101ga, (chinois : \u9673\u90A3\u8AD6\u5E2B/\u57DF\u9F8D, sanskrit : \u0926\u093F\u0917\u094D\u0928\u093E\u0917, Tibetain: \u0F55\u0FB1\u0F7C\u0F42\u0F66\u0F0B\u0F40\u0FB1\u0F72\u0F0B\u0F42\u0FB3\u0F44\u0F0B\u0F54\u0F7C\u0F0B) (480-540 ou 430-500), c\u00E9l\u00E8bre bouddhiste indien du Ve au VIe si\u00E8cle, r\u00E9formateur et fondateur de la nouvelle logique (Hetuvidy\u0101 ou ny\u0101ya) bouddhique."@fr . . . "Dignaga (* ca. 480; \u2020 540) war ein indischer Logiker. Neben seinem Lehrer Vasubandhu und Dharmakirti z\u00E4hlt Dignaga zu den einflussreichsten Autoren von -Literatur innerhalb des Mahayana-Buddhismus. Die bekanntesten Werke Dignagas sind sein (\u201ERad der Gr\u00FCnde\u201C) und sein (tib.: tshad ma kun las btus pa). Siehe auch: Indische Logik"@de . . . "\u0414\u0438\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0430 (\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0440. \u0926\u093F\u0917\u094D\u0928\u093E\u0917; (mah\u0101-)dign\u0101ga, dign\u0101ga; \u0442\u0438\u0431. \u0F55\u0FB1\u0F7C\u0F42\u0F66\u0F0B\u0F40\u0FB1\u0F72\u0F0B\u0F42\u0FB3\u0F44\u0F0B\u0F54\u0F7C\u0F0D \u2014 Phrogs-kyi gLang-po; \u043A\u0438\u0442. \u9673\u90A3 \u2014 \u0427\u044D\u043D\u044C\u043D\u0430, \u0436\u0438\u043B \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E 480\u2014540) \u2014 \u0438\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043C\u044B\u0441\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043C\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0445, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0434\u043B\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u043A\u043E\u043B\u0435 \u0439\u043E\u0433\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0440\u0430, \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u0438\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u043A\u0438. \u0414\u0438\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043B\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043C\u044C\u0435 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0432 \u043E\u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E \u041A\u0430\u043D\u0447\u0438 (\u041A\u0430\u043D\u0447\u0438\u043F\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043C), \u0435\u0433\u043E \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043C \u0431\u044B\u043B \u0438\u0437 \u0448\u043A\u043E\u043B\u044B \u0412\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0438\u043F\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044F. \u042D\u0442\u043E \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u044B\u0441\u043B\u0438 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0438\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C (\u043F\u0443\u0434\u0433\u0430\u043B\u0430), \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u043D\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043E\u0442 \u043E\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u044D\u043B\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0432, \u0432\u0445\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0435\u0451 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432. \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u044B:"@ru . . "18141"^^ . . . "Dign\u0101ga"@pt . . . . . "\u0414\u0456\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0430 ( \u043F\u0440. 480-540) - \u0456\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0456\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u0456\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u043A\u0438. \u0414\u0456\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0441\u044F \u0443 \u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0456 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0443 (\u041A\u0430\u043D\u0447\u0456\u043F\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043C). \u041F\u0440\u043E \u0439\u043E\u0433\u043E \u044E\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u043E \u0434\u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043C\u0430\u043B\u043E, \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043D\u044F\u0442\u043A\u043E\u043C \u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E, \u0449\u043E \u0432\u0456\u043D \u0432\u0437\u044F\u0432 \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0456 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u041D\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0443 \u0456\u0437 \u0448\u043A\u043E\u043B\u0438 \u0412\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0456\u043F\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0456\u044F. \u0426\u044F \u0448\u043A\u043E\u043B\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0434\u0443\u043C\u043A\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0449\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434 \u043F\u0440\u043E \u0456\u0441\u043D\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0441\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0457 \u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456, \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0435\u043B\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u0437 \u044F\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u043D\u0430 \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F. \u041E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0456\u0437 \u0442\u0435\u043A\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0414\u0456\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u00AB\u0425\u0435\u0442\u0443\u0447\u0430\u043A\u0440\u0430\u00BB (\u043A\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0441\u043E \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0443\u043C\u0443). \u0412\u043E\u043D\u0430 \u0432\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043E\u044E \u0439\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u044E \u0432 \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0456 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u043A\u0438. \u0412 \u043D\u0456\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043C\u0438\u0441\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F. \u0407\u0457 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u043D\u0430 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043C\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043C \u043C\u0456\u0436 \u043F\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043D\u044C\u044E \u0434\u043E\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0440\u0443\u043F'\u044F \u0442\u0430 \u043F\u0456\u0437\u043D\u0456\u0448\u043E\u044E \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0414\u0456\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0438 - \u0432'\u044F\u043F\u0442\u0456, \u0432 \u044F\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0446\u0456\u044F, \u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0434\u043E \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0442\u044F \u0456\u043C\u043F\u043B\u0456\u043A\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457. \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0456\u043D\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044C \u0414\u0456\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u00AB\u0422\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u043F\u0440\u043E \u043E\u0431'\u0454\u043A\u0442 \u043F\u0456\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F\u00BB (\u0410\u043B\u0430\u043C\u0431\u0430\u043D\u0430-\u043F\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0448\u0430), \u00AB\u0422\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u043F\u0440\u043E \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u0456\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F\u00BB (\u041F\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0430-\u0441\u0430\u043C\u0443\u0447\u0447\u0430\u044F) \u0442\u0430 \u00AB\u0422\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u043F\u0440\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0456 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446\u0438\u043F\u0438 \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u043A\u0438\u00BB (\u041D\u044C\u044F\u044F-\u043C\u0443\u043A\u0445\u0430), \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0437 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u044E \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043B\u0430 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u044C."@uk . . . . . . "Dign\u0101ga"@en . "\u9673\u90A3"@ja . 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\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062E\u0635\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 (\u0628\u0648\u062F\u063A\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062F\u0627) \u0628\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062F\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062D\u064A \u0646\u063A\u0627\u062F\u0627\u062A\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u062F\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062D \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062A\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0630\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062F\u0648."@ar . . "Dign\u0101ga (480 - 540 dC) foi um estudioso budista indiano e um dos fundadores budistas da l\u00F3gica indiana (hetu vidy\u0101). O trabalho de Dign\u0101ga estabeleceu as bases para o desenvolvimento da l\u00F3gica dedutiva na \u00CDndia e criou o primeiro sistema de e epistemologia (Pramana). Segundo Georges B. Dreyfus, sua escola filos\u00F3fica provocou uma \"revolu\u00E7\u00E3o epistemol\u00F3gica\" indiana e se tornou a \"formula\u00E7\u00E3o padr\u00E3o da l\u00F3gica budista e da epistemologia na \u00CDndia e no Tibete\". O pensamento de Dign\u0101ga influenciou fil\u00F3sofos budistas mais recentes como e tamb\u00E9m pensadores hindus da escola Nyaya. A epistemologia de Dign\u0101ga aceitou apenas a \"percep\u00E7\u00E3o\" (pratyaksa) e a \"infer\u00EAncia\" (anum\u0101\u1E47a) s\u00E3o instrumentos v\u00E1lidos de conhecimento."@pt . . . . . . . "\u062F\u064A\u063A\u0627\u0646\u063A\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064F\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u062F\u064A\u0646\u0627\u063A\u0627\u060C 480 \u2013 540 \u0645\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062F\u064A) \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0630\u064A \u0647\u0646\u062F\u064A \u0648\u0623\u062D\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0630\u064A\u064A\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F\u064A. \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062F\u064A\u063A\u0627\u0646\u063A\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062F \u062A\u0637\u0648\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062A\u062D\u062F\u062B \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0630\u064A \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627). \u0648\u064F\u0644\u062F \u062F\u064A\u063A\u0627\u0646\u063A\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0633\u064A\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0627\u0643\u062A\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A\u0634\u064A\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064A\u064F\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064A\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062A\u0647\u060C \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062A\u062B\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062D\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062E\u0635\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 (\u0628\u0648\u062F\u063A\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062F\u0627) \u0628\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062F\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062D\u064A \u0646\u063A\u0627\u062F\u0627\u062A\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u062F\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062D \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062A\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0630\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062F\u0648."@ar . . "Dign\u0101ga \u00E8 stato un filosofo indiano di religione buddista, vissuto a cavallo fra il VI e il VII secolo, riformatore e fondatore della nuova logica (Hetuvidy\u0101) buddista. Viene considerato il padre della Ny\u0101ya (giusta ragione) del medioevo indiano."@it . . . "Dign\u0101ga (j\u0119zyk tybeta\u0144ski: \u0F55\u0FB1\u0F7C\u0F42\u0F66\u0F0B\u0F40\u0FB1\u0F72\u0F0B\u0F42\u0FB3\u0F44\u0F0B\u0F54\u0F7C\u0F0B, Wylie: phyogs kyi glang po; ok. 480-540 r. n.e.) - indyjski scholastyk buddyzmu mahajany. Jeden z tw\u00F3rc\u00F3w epistemologii, buddyjskiego logicznego wnioskowania, prawomocnego poznawania. Student dzie\u0142 Wasubandhu (Indie, IV w n.e.), wsp\u00F3\u0142tw\u00F3rcy przekazu nauk o naturze Buddy od Maitrei przekazanego przez Asang\u0119 (Indie, IV w.n.e)."@pl . "Dignaga"@pl . . . "Dign\u0101ga (j\u0119zyk tybeta\u0144ski: \u0F55\u0FB1\u0F7C\u0F42\u0F66\u0F0B\u0F40\u0FB1\u0F72\u0F0B\u0F42\u0FB3\u0F44\u0F0B\u0F54\u0F7C\u0F0B, Wylie: phyogs kyi glang po; ok. 480-540 r. n.e.) - indyjski scholastyk buddyzmu mahajany. Jeden z tw\u00F3rc\u00F3w epistemologii, buddyjskiego logicznego wnioskowania, prawomocnego poznawania. Student dzie\u0142 Wasubandhu (Indie, IV w n.e.), wsp\u00F3\u0142tw\u00F3rcy przekazu nauk o naturze Buddy od Maitrei przekazanego przez Asang\u0119 (Indie, IV w.n.e)."@pl . . . . . "Dign\u0101ga \u00E8 stato un filosofo indiano di religione buddista, vissuto a cavallo fra il VI e il VII secolo, riformatore e fondatore della nuova logica (Hetuvidy\u0101) buddista. Viene considerato il padre della Ny\u0101ya (giusta ragione) del medioevo indiano."@it . . . . "\u9673\u90A3"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Dign\u0101ga (480 - 540 dC) foi um estudioso budista indiano e um dos fundadores budistas da l\u00F3gica indiana (hetu vidy\u0101). O trabalho de Dign\u0101ga estabeleceu as bases para o desenvolvimento da l\u00F3gica dedutiva na \u00CDndia e criou o primeiro sistema de e epistemologia (Pramana). Segundo Georges B. Dreyfus, sua escola filos\u00F3fica provocou uma \"revolu\u00E7\u00E3o epistemol\u00F3gica\" indiana e se tornou a \"formula\u00E7\u00E3o padr\u00E3o da l\u00F3gica budista e da epistemologia na \u00CDndia e no Tibete\". O pensamento de Dign\u0101ga influenciou fil\u00F3sofos budistas mais recentes como e tamb\u00E9m pensadores hindus da escola Nyaya. A epistemologia de Dign\u0101ga aceitou apenas a \"percep\u00E7\u00E3o\" (pratyaksa) e a \"infer\u00EAncia\" (anum\u0101\u1E47a) s\u00E3o instrumentos v\u00E1lidos de conhecimento."@pt . . "Dignaga (Translit. s\u00E1nscrito: Di\u1E45n\u0101ga. En tibetano: Slob-dpon Phyogs-glan)\u200B (ca.440-ca.520). Fil\u00F3sofo indio del siglo V y VI, reformador y fundador de la nueva l\u00F3gica budista en lengua s\u00E1nscrita. Se le considera uno de los mayores comentadores de las ense\u00F1anzas budistas.\u200B Fue uno de los cuatro disc\u00EDpulos principales de Vasubandhu, cada uno de los cuales super\u00F3 a su maestro en un campo determinado. Dignaga lleg\u00F3 m\u00E1s lejos que Vasubandhu en el estudio del pram\u0101\u1E47a (cognici\u00F3n v\u00E1lida).\u200B Dignaga ocupa en la historia de la filosof\u00EDa budista una posici\u00F3n an\u00E1loga a la de Arist\u00F3teles en la filosof\u00EDa griega, o la de Kant en la filosof\u00EDa europea moderna.\u200B"@es . . . . "\u9673\u90A3\uFF08\u3058\u3093\u306A\u3001\u3061\u3093\u306A\u3001\u68B5: \u0926\u093F\u0917\u094D\u0928\u093E\u0917, Dign\u0101ga, \u30C7\u30A3\u30B0\u30CA\u30FC\u30AC\u3001480\u5E74\u9803-540\u5E74\u9803\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u552F\u8B58\u306E\u7ACB\u5834\u304B\u3089\u306E\u65B0\u3057\u3044\u4ECF\u6559\u8AD6\u7406\u5B66\uFF08=\u56E0\u660E\u5B66\uFF09\u3092\u78BA\u7ACB\u3057\u305F\u6709\u76F8\u552F\u8B58\u6D3E\u306E\u4ECF\u6559\u601D\u60F3\u5BB6\u3002\u5357\u30A4\u30F3\u30C9\u306E\u5A46\u7F85\u9580\u306E\u51FA\u8EAB\u3002\u6700\u521D\u306F\u3001\u90E8\u6D3E\u4ECF\u6559\u306E\u72A2\u5B50\u90E8\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u51FA\u5BB6\u3057\u305F\u304C\u3001\u5F8C\u306B\u5927\u4E57\u4ECF\u6559\u306B\u5E30\u3057\u3001\u4E16\u89AA\u306E\u3082\u3068\u3067\u552F\u8B58\u3068\u8AD6\u7406\u5B66\u3092\u5B66\u3093\u3060\u3068\u4F1D\u3048\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002\u305D\u306E\u4F1D\u7D71\u306F\u30A4\u30F3\u30C9\u8AD6\u7406\u5B66\u6700\u9AD8\u5CF0\u3068\u3044\u308F\u308C\u308B\u6CD5\u79F0\uFF08\u30C0\u30EB\u30DE\u30AD\u30FC\u30EB\u30C6\u30A3\uFF09\u306B\u53D7\u3051\u7D99\u304C\u308C\u305F\u3002 \u307E\u305F\u3001\u305D\u306E\u601D\u60F3\u30FB\u8AD6\u7406\u5B66\u306F\u3001\u4E2D\u89B3\u6D3E\u306E\u6E05\u5F01\u306B\u3082\u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u4E0E\u3048\u3001\u4E2D\u89B3\u6D3E\u5185\u306B\u300C\u81EA\u7ACB\u8AD6\u8A3C\u6D3E\u300D\uFF08\u30B9\u30F4\u30A1\u30FC\u30BF\u30F3\u30C8\u30EA\u30AB\uFF09\u3001\u66F4\u306B\u5F8C\u306B\u306F\u300C\u745C\u4F3D\u884C\u4E2D\u89B3\u6D3E\u300D\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u6D41\u6D3E\u304C\u5F62\u6210\u3055\u308C\u308B\u5951\u6A5F\u3068\u306A\u3063\u305F\u3002"@ja . . . . . "\uB514\uADF8\uB098\uAC00(\uC0B0\uC2A4\uD06C\uB9AC\uD2B8\uC5B4: \u0926\u093F\u0917\u094D\u0928\u093E\u0917) \uB610\uB294 \uB9C8\uD558\uB514\uADF8\uB098\uAC00, \uC9C4\uB098(\u9673\u90A3, 480\uB144\uACBD ~ 540\uB144\uACBD)\uB294 \uC720\uC2DD(\u552F\u8B58)\uC758 \uC785\uC7A5\uC5D0\uC11C \uC778\uBA85\uD559(\u56E0\u660E\u5B66)\uC774\uB77C\uB294 \uC0C8\uB85C\uC6B4 \uBD88\uAD50\uB17C\uB9AC\uD559\uC744 \uD655\uB9BD\uD55C \uC720\uC0C1\uC720\uC2DD\uD30C(\u6709\u76F8\u552F\u8B58\u6D3E)\uC758 \uBD88\uAD50\uC0AC\uC0C1\uAC00\uC774\uB2E4. \uD314\uB9AC\uC5B4\uB85C\uB294 \uB518\uB098(Dinna)\uB85C \uBC1C\uC74C\uB41C\uB2E4. \uD55C\uC5ED \uC774\uB984\uC740 \uC9C4\uB098 \uC678\uC5D0\uB3C4 \uC5ED\uB8E1(\u57DF\u9F8D) \uB610\uB294 \uB300\uC5ED\uB8E1(\u5927\u57DF\u9F8D), \uB3D9\uC218(\u7AE5\u6388)\uB77C\uACE0\uB3C4 \uBD88\uB9B0\uB2E4. \uB0A8\uC778\uB3C4\uC758 \uBE0C\uB77C\uB9CC \uCD9C\uC2E0\uC73C\uB85C \uCC98\uC74C\uC5D0\uB294 \uBD80\uD30C \uBD88\uAD50(\uC0C1\uC88C\uBD80 \uBD88\uAD50)\uC758 \uB3C5\uC790\uBD80(\u72A2\u5B50\u90E8)\uB85C \uCD9C\uAC00\uD558\uC600\uB2E4\uAC00 \uD6C4\uC5D0 \uB300\uC2B9\uBD88\uAD50\uB85C \uC804\uD5A5, \uC138\uCE5C(\u4E16\u89AA) \uC544\uB798\uC11C \uC720\uC2DD\uD559\uACFC \uB17C\uB9AC\uD559\uC744 \uBC30\uC6E0\uB2E4\uACE0 \uC804\uD55C\uB2E4. \uC774 \uC804\uD1B5\uC740 \uC778\uB3C4 \uB17C\uB9AC\uD559 \uCD5C\uACE0\uBD09\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4\uACE0 \uD3C9\uAC00\uBC1B\uB294 \uBC95\uCE6D(\u6CD5\u79F0, \uB2E4\uB974\uB9C8\uD0A4\uB974\uD2F0)\uC5D0\uAC8C\uB85C \uC774\uC5B4\uC84C\uB2E4. \uB610\uD55C \uADF8\uC758 \uC0AC\uC0C1\uACFC \uB17C\uB9AC\uD559\uC740 \uC911\uAD00\uD30C(\u4E2D\u89B3\u6D3E)\uC758 \uCCAD\uBCC0(\u6E05\u5F01)\uC5D0\uAC8C\uB3C4 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uC8FC\uC5B4, \uC911\uAD00\uD30C \uC548\uC5D0\uC11C \u300C\uC790\uB9BD\uB17C\uC99D\uD30C\u300D(\u81EA\u7ACB\u8AD6\u8A3C\u6D3E), \uD6D7\uB0A0 \u300C\uC720\uAC00\uD589\uC911\uAD00\uD30C\u300D(\u745C\u4F3D\u884C\u4E2D\u89B3\u6D3E)\uB77C \uBD88\uB9AC\uAC8C \uB418\uB294 \uC720\uD30C\uAC00 \uD615\uC131\uB418\uB294 \uACC4\uAE30\uAC00 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uB514\uADF8\uB098\uAC00\uC758 \uC774\uB7C9\uC124(\u4E8C\u91CF\u8AAC)\uC740 \uC9D1\uB7C9\uB860(\u96C6\u91CF\u8AD6), \uC778\uBA85\uC815\uB9AC\uBB38\uB860(\u56E0\u660E\u6B63\u7406\u9580\u8AD6)\uC758 \uB450 \uAC00\uC9C0\uAC00 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70, \uB450 \uAC1C\uC758 \uB7C9(\u91CF, \uD310\uB2E8 \uADDC\uBC94)\uC5D0 \uC788\uC5B4\uC11C \uBC14\uB984\uC744 \uD655\uC778\uD55C\uB2E4\uB294 \uAC83\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1113480526"^^ . . . . "\uB514\uADF8\uB098\uAC00(\uC0B0\uC2A4\uD06C\uB9AC\uD2B8\uC5B4: \u0926\u093F\u0917\u094D\u0928\u093E\u0917) \uB610\uB294 \uB9C8\uD558\uB514\uADF8\uB098\uAC00, \uC9C4\uB098(\u9673\u90A3, 480\uB144\uACBD ~ 540\uB144\uACBD)\uB294 \uC720\uC2DD(\u552F\u8B58)\uC758 \uC785\uC7A5\uC5D0\uC11C \uC778\uBA85\uD559(\u56E0\u660E\u5B66)\uC774\uB77C\uB294 \uC0C8\uB85C\uC6B4 \uBD88\uAD50\uB17C\uB9AC\uD559\uC744 \uD655\uB9BD\uD55C \uC720\uC0C1\uC720\uC2DD\uD30C(\u6709\u76F8\u552F\u8B58\u6D3E)\uC758 \uBD88\uAD50\uC0AC\uC0C1\uAC00\uC774\uB2E4. \uD314\uB9AC\uC5B4\uB85C\uB294 \uB518\uB098(Dinna)\uB85C \uBC1C\uC74C\uB41C\uB2E4. \uD55C\uC5ED \uC774\uB984\uC740 \uC9C4\uB098 \uC678\uC5D0\uB3C4 \uC5ED\uB8E1(\u57DF\u9F8D) \uB610\uB294 \uB300\uC5ED\uB8E1(\u5927\u57DF\u9F8D), \uB3D9\uC218(\u7AE5\u6388)\uB77C\uACE0\uB3C4 \uBD88\uB9B0\uB2E4. \uB0A8\uC778\uB3C4\uC758 \uBE0C\uB77C\uB9CC \uCD9C\uC2E0\uC73C\uB85C \uCC98\uC74C\uC5D0\uB294 \uBD80\uD30C \uBD88\uAD50(\uC0C1\uC88C\uBD80 \uBD88\uAD50)\uC758 \uB3C5\uC790\uBD80(\u72A2\u5B50\u90E8)\uB85C \uCD9C\uAC00\uD558\uC600\uB2E4\uAC00 \uD6C4\uC5D0 \uB300\uC2B9\uBD88\uAD50\uB85C \uC804\uD5A5, \uC138\uCE5C(\u4E16\u89AA) \uC544\uB798\uC11C \uC720\uC2DD\uD559\uACFC \uB17C\uB9AC\uD559\uC744 \uBC30\uC6E0\uB2E4\uACE0 \uC804\uD55C\uB2E4. \uC774 \uC804\uD1B5\uC740 \uC778\uB3C4 \uB17C\uB9AC\uD559 \uCD5C\uACE0\uBD09\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4\uACE0 \uD3C9\uAC00\uBC1B\uB294 \uBC95\uCE6D(\u6CD5\u79F0, \uB2E4\uB974\uB9C8\uD0A4\uB974\uD2F0)\uC5D0\uAC8C\uB85C \uC774\uC5B4\uC84C\uB2E4. \uB610\uD55C \uADF8\uC758 \uC0AC\uC0C1\uACFC \uB17C\uB9AC\uD559\uC740 \uC911\uAD00\uD30C(\u4E2D\u89B3\u6D3E)\uC758 \uCCAD\uBCC0(\u6E05\u5F01)\uC5D0\uAC8C\uB3C4 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uC8FC\uC5B4, \uC911\uAD00\uD30C \uC548\uC5D0\uC11C \u300C\uC790\uB9BD\uB17C\uC99D\uD30C\u300D(\u81EA\u7ACB\u8AD6\u8A3C\u6D3E), \uD6D7\uB0A0 \u300C\uC720\uAC00\uD589\uC911\uAD00\uD30C\u300D(\u745C\u4F3D\u884C\u4E2D\u89B3\u6D3E)\uB77C \uBD88\uB9AC\uAC8C \uB418\uB294 \uC720\uD30C\uAC00 \uD615\uC131\uB418\uB294 \uACC4\uAE30\uAC00 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uB514\uADF8\uB098\uAC00\uC758 \uC774\uB7C9\uC124(\u4E8C\u91CF\u8AAC)\uC740 \uC9D1\uB7C9\uB860(\u96C6\u91CF\u8AD6), \uC778\uBA85\uC815\uB9AC\uBB38\uB860(\u56E0\u660E\u6B63\u7406\u9580\u8AD6)\uC758 \uB450 \uAC00\uC9C0\uAC00 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70, \uB450 \uAC1C\uC758 \uB7C9(\u91CF, \uD310\uB2E8 \uADDC\uBC94)\uC5D0 \uC788\uC5B4\uC11C \uBC14\uB984\uC744 \uD655\uC778\uD55C\uB2E4\uB294 \uAC83\uC774\uB2E4. 1. \n* \uD604\uB7C9(\u73FE\u91CF) - \uC778\uC2DD(\u8A8D\u8B58)\uC758 \uBC14\uB984\uC744 \uD310\uB2E8\uD558\uB294 \uADDC\uBC94 2. \n* \uBE44\uB7C9(\u6BD4\u91CF) - \uB17C\uB9AC\uC758 \uBC14\uB984\uC744 \uD310\uB2E8\uD558\uB294 \uADDC\uBC94 \uB514\uADF8\uB098\uAC00\uC5D0 \uC774\uB974\uAE30\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uBD88\uAD50\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uC131\uAD50\uB7C9(\u8056\u6559\u91CF)\uC774\uB77C\uB294 \uD310\uB2E8\uADDC\uBC94\uC744 \uC138\uC6B0\uACE0 \uC788\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC608\uB97C \uB4E4\uC5B4 \uACBD\uC804 \uB4F1\uACFC \uAC19\uC774 \uC808\uB300\uC790\uC758 \uB9D0\uC740 \uADF8\uAC83\uB9CC\uC73C\uB85C \uD310\uB2E8\uADDC\uBC94\uC774\uC5C8\uC9C0\uB9CC, \uC9C4\uB098\uB294 \uC774\uAC83\uC744 \uC644\uC804\uD788 \uBD80\uC815\uD558\uACE0 \uACBD\uC804\uC5D0 \uC788\uB2E4\uACE0 \uD574\uC11C \uBC14\uB978 \uAC83\uC774 \uC544\uB2C8\uB77C, \uBC14\uB978 \uAC83\uC744 \uC124\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uC73C\uB2C8\uAE4C \uADDC\uBC94\uC774 \uB418\uC5B4\uC57C \uD55C\uB2E4\uBA70 \uC774\uC81C\uAE4C\uC9C0\uC758 \uC0BC\uB7C9\uC124(\u4E09\u91CF\u8AAC)\uC744 \uBC84\uB9AC\uACE0 \uC774\uB7C9\uC124\uC744 \uC138\uC6E0\uB358 \uAC83\uC774\uB2E4. \uB098\uC544\uAC00 \uD604\uB7C9\uACFC \uBE44\uB7C9\uC5D0 \uC788\uC5B4\uC11C \uC774\uC81C\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uBE44\uB7C9\uC744 \uC0C1\uC704\uC5D0 \uB450\uC5C8\uC73C\uB098 \uB9D0\uC744 \uAE30\uCD08\uB85C \uD558\uB294 \uB17C\uB9AC\uB97C \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD558\uB294 \uBE44\uB7C9 \uB108\uBA38, \uBD80\uCC98\uC758 \uAE68\uB2EC\uC74C\uC774\uB780 \uC5B8\uC5B4\uB97C \uCD08\uC6D4\uD55C \uACF3\uC5D0 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70 \uADF8\uAC83\uC774 \uAC00\uC7A5 \uC62C\uBC14\uB978 \uACBD\uC9C0\uC774\uBBC0\uB85C \uD604\uB7C9\uC744 \uC0C1\uC704\uC5D0 \uB450\uACE0 \uB9D0\uB85C\uC368 \uADF8\uAC83\uC744 \uC804\uD558\uB294 \uACBD\uC804\uC740 2\uCC28\uC801\uC778 \uAC83\uC784\uC744 \uB17C\uC99D\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . "Dignaga (Translit. s\u00E1nscrito: Di\u1E45n\u0101ga. En tibetano: Slob-dpon Phyogs-glan)\u200B (ca.440-ca.520). Fil\u00F3sofo indio del siglo V y VI, reformador y fundador de la nueva l\u00F3gica budista en lengua s\u00E1nscrita. Se le considera uno de los mayores comentadores de las ense\u00F1anzas budistas.\u200B Fue uno de los cuatro disc\u00EDpulos principales de Vasubandhu, cada uno de los cuales super\u00F3 a su maestro en un campo determinado. Dignaga lleg\u00F3 m\u00E1s lejos que Vasubandhu en el estudio del pram\u0101\u1E47a (cognici\u00F3n v\u00E1lida).\u200B Dignaga ocupa en la historia de la filosof\u00EDa budista una posici\u00F3n an\u00E1loga a la de Arist\u00F3teles en la filosof\u00EDa griega, o la de Kant en la filosof\u00EDa europea moderna.\u200B"@es . . "Dign\u0101ga (a.k.a. Di\u1E45n\u0101ga, c. 480 \u2013 c. 540 CE) was an Indian Buddhist scholar and one of the Buddhist founders of Indian logic (hetu vidy\u0101). Dign\u0101ga's work laid the groundwork for the development of deductive logic in India and created the first system of Buddhist logic and epistemology (Pramana). According to Georges B. Dreyfus, his philosophical school brought about an Indian \"epistemological turn\" and became the \"standard formulation of Buddhist logic and epistemology in India and Tibet.\" Dign\u0101ga's thought influenced later Buddhist philosophers like Dharmakirti and also Hindu thinkers of the Nyaya school. Dign\u0101ga's epistemology accepted only \"perception\" (pratyaksa) and \"inference\" (anum\u0101\u1E47a) as valid instruments of knowledge and introduced the widely influential theory of \"exclusion\" (apoha) to explain linguistic meaning. His work on language, inferential reasoning and perception were also widely influential among later Indian philosophers. According to Richard P. Hayes \"some familiarity with Dinnaga's arguments and conclusions is indispensable for anyone who wishes to understand the historical development of Indian thought.\" Dign\u0101ga was born in Simhavakta near Kanchipuram and very little is known of his early years, except that he took Nagadatta of the Pudgalavada school as his spiritual preceptor, before being expelled and becoming a student of Vasubandhu."@en . . . . "\uB514\uADF8\uB098\uAC00"@ko . . "Dign\u0101ga (Di\u1E45n\u0101ga, (chinois : \u9673\u90A3\u8AD6\u5E2B/\u57DF\u9F8D, sanskrit : \u0926\u093F\u0917\u094D\u0928\u093E\u0917, Tibetain: \u0F55\u0FB1\u0F7C\u0F42\u0F66\u0F0B\u0F40\u0FB1\u0F72\u0F0B\u0F42\u0FB3\u0F44\u0F0B\u0F54\u0F7C\u0F0B) (480-540 ou 430-500), c\u00E9l\u00E8bre bouddhiste indien du Ve au VIe si\u00E8cle, r\u00E9formateur et fondateur de la nouvelle logique (Hetuvidy\u0101 ou ny\u0101ya) bouddhique."@fr . . . .