. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Economic history of the United Kingdom"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Histoire \u00E9conomique du Royaume-Uni"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "La storia economica del Regno Unito tratta della storia economica dell'Inghilterra e della Gran Bretagna dal 1500 all'inizio del XX secolo. (Per i periodi anteriori vedi Economia dell'Inghilterra medievale e )."@it . . "La storia economica del Regno Unito tratta della storia economica dell'Inghilterra e della Gran Bretagna dal 1500 all'inizio del XX secolo. (Per i periodi anteriori vedi Economia dell'Inghilterra medievale e ). Dopo essere diventata una delle regioni economiche pi\u00F9 prospere d'Europa tra il 1600 e il 1700, la Gran Bretagna guid\u00F2 la rivoluzione industriale e domin\u00F2 l'economia europea e mondiale durante il XIX secolo. Fu la principale innovatrice nelle macchine come i motori a vapore (per le pompe, le fabbriche, le locomotive ferroviarie e le navi a vapore), le attrezzature tessili e la fabbricazione di utensili. Invent\u00F2 il sistema ferroviario e costru\u00EC gran parte delle attrezzature usate dalle altre nazioni. Fu anche al primo posto nell'attivit\u00E0 bancaria, nell'imprenditoria e nel commercio internazionale e interno. Costru\u00EC un Impero britannico globale. Dopo il 1840, abbandon\u00F2 il mercantilismo e pratic\u00F2 il \"libero scambio\", riducendo o eliminando tariffe, contingenti e restrizioni. La Royal Navy, la potente Marina Reale, proteggeva i suoi possedimenti globali, mentre il suo sistema legale forniva un sistema poco dispendioso per la risoluzione delle controversie. Tra il 1870 e il 1900, il prodotto economico pro capite della popolazione in Gran Bretagna e in Irlanda sal\u00EC del 500 per cento, generando un significativo aumento del tenore di vita. Tuttavia, dalla fine del XIX secolo in poi la Gran Bretagna speriment\u00F2 un declino economico relativo poich\u00E9 altre nazioni come gli Stati Uniti d'America e la Germania recuperarono terreno. Nel 1870, il prodotto pro capite della Gran Bretagna era il secondo pi\u00F9 alto del mondo dopo l'Australia. Entro il 1914, era il quarto pi\u00F9 alto. Nel 1950, il prodotto pro capite della Gran Bretagna era ancora del 30 per cento pi\u00F9 avanti dei sei membri fondatori della CEE, ma nel giro di 50 anni era stato sorpassato da molti paesi europei e da parecchi paesi asiatici."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1124051741"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Title/date of document?? Cite the source, not the author"@en . . . . . . . . "December 2020"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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"El Reino de Gran Breta\u00F1a\u200B fue creado el 1 de mayo de 1707 como resultado del Acta de la Uni\u00F3n firmada por el Reino de Inglaterra (que inclu\u00EDa Gales) y por el Reino de Escocia, con la finalidad de establecer un Estado \u00FAnico en la isla de Gran Breta\u00F1a. Los t\u00E9rminos de la uni\u00F3n hab\u00EDan sido acordados en el Tratado de la Uni\u00F3n que fue negociado el a\u00F1o anterior y, luego ratificado por los parlamentos de Escocia e Inglaterra en el Acta de Uni\u00F3n.\u200B Adem\u00E1s de ser una uni\u00F3n pol\u00EDtica, el Reino Unido fue dise\u00F1ado para ser una uni\u00F3n econ\u00F3mica, por ello, la mayor parte de los 25 art\u00EDculos del Tratado de la Uni\u00F3n trataba sobre los acuerdos econ\u00F3micos para el nuevo Estado. Durante los siguientes tres siglos, el Reino Unido se desarroll\u00F3 como una de las principales econom\u00EDas mundiales, una posici\u00F3n que conserva hasta la actualidad."@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A\u062E \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062A\u0635\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629"@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Historia econ\u00F3mica del Reino Unido"@es . . . . . . "L'Histoire \u00E9conomique du Royaume-Uni traite de l'histoire \u00E9conomique du Royaume-Uni, de sa cr\u00E9ation en 1707 jusqu'\u00E0 nos jours."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "L'Histoire \u00E9conomique du Royaume-Uni traite de l'histoire \u00E9conomique du Royaume-Uni, de sa cr\u00E9ation en 1707 jusqu'\u00E0 nos jours."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . "El Reino de Gran Breta\u00F1a\u200B fue creado el 1 de mayo de 1707 como resultado del Acta de la Uni\u00F3n firmada por el Reino de Inglaterra (que inclu\u00EDa Gales) y por el Reino de Escocia, con la finalidad de establecer un Estado \u00FAnico en la isla de Gran Breta\u00F1a. Los t\u00E9rminos de la uni\u00F3n hab\u00EDan sido acordados en el Tratado de la Uni\u00F3n que fue negociado el a\u00F1o anterior y, luego ratificado por los parlamentos de Escocia e Inglaterra en el Acta de Uni\u00F3n.\u200B Adem\u00E1s de ser una uni\u00F3n pol\u00EDtica, el Reino Unido fue dise\u00F1ado para ser una uni\u00F3n econ\u00F3mica, por ello, la mayor parte de los 25 art\u00EDculos del Tratado de la Uni\u00F3n trataba sobre los acuerdos econ\u00F3micos para el nuevo Estado. Durante los siguientes tres siglos, el Reino Unido se desarroll\u00F3 como una de las principales econom\u00EDas mundiales, una posici\u00F3n que cons"@es . . . . . 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\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u0623\u062F\u062A \u0641\u064A\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062A\u0646\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062A\u0635\u0627\u062F\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062A\u0635\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Storia economica del Regno Unito"@it . . . . . . . . . "252998"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "33643110"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The economic history of the United Kingdom relates the economic development in the British state from the absorption of Wales into the Kingdom of England after 1535 to the modern United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland of the early 21st century. Scotland, England, and Wales shared a monarch from 1601 but their economies were run separately until they were unified in the 1707 Act of Union. Ireland was incorporated in the United Kingdom economy between 1800 and 1922; from 1922 the Irish Free State (the modern Republic of Ireland) became independent and set its own economic policy."@en . . . . . . "The economic history of the United Kingdom relates the economic development in the British state from the absorption of Wales into the Kingdom of England after 1535 to the modern United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland of the early 21st century. Scotland, England, and Wales shared a monarch from 1601 but their economies were run separately until they were unified in the 1707 Act of Union. Ireland was incorporated in the United Kingdom economy between 1800 and 1922; from 1922 the Irish Free State (the modern Republic of Ireland) became independent and set its own economic policy. Great Britain, and England in particular, became one of the most prosperous economic regions in the world between the late 1600s and early 1800s as a result of being the birthplace of the industrial revolution that began in the mid-eighteenth century. The developments brought by industrialization resulted in Britain becoming the premier European and global economic, political, and military power for more than a century. As the first to industrialize, Britain\u2019s industrialists revolutionized areas like manufacturing, communication, and transportation through innovations such as the steam engine (for pumps, factories, railway locomotives and steamships), textile equipment, tool-making, the Telegraph, and pioneered the railway system. With these many new technologies Britain manufactured much of the equipment and products used by other nations, becoming known as the \u201Cworkshop of the world\u201D. Its businessmen were leaders in international commerce and banking, trade and shipping. Its markets included both areas that were independent and those that were part of the rapidly expanding British Empire, which by the early 1900s had become the largest empire in history. After 1840, the economic policy of mercantilism was abandoned and replaced by free trade, with fewer tariffs, quotas or restrictions, first outlined by British economist Adam Smith\u2019s Wealth of Nations. Briton\u2019s globally dominant Royal Navy protected British commercial interests, shipping and international trade, while the British legal system provided a system for resolving disputes relatively inexpensively, and the City of London functioned as the economic capital and focus of the world economy. Between 1870 and 1900, economic output per head of the United Kingdom rose by 50 percent (from about \u00A328 per capita to \u00A341 in 1900: an annual average increase in real incomes of 1% p.a.), growth which was associated with a significant rise in living standards. However, and despite this significant economic growth, some economic historians have suggested that Britain experienced a relative economic decline in the last third of the nineteenth century as industrial expansion occurred in the United States and Germany. In 1870, Britain's output per head was the second highest in the world, surpassed only by Australia. In 1914, British income per capita was the world's third highest, exceeded only by New Zealand and Australia; these three countries shared a common economic, social and cultural heritage. In 1950, British output per head was still 30 percent over that of the average of the six founder members of the EEC, but within 20 years it had been overtaken by the majority of western European economies. The response of successive British governments to this problematic performance was to seek economic growth stimuli within what became the European Union; Britain entered the European Community in 1973. Thereafter the United Kingdom's relative economic performance improved substantially to the extent that, on the eve of the 2007 financial crisis, British income per capita exceeded, albeit marginally, that of France and Germany; furthermore, there was a significant reduction in the gap in income per capita terms between the UK and USA."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .