. . . . . . . "Japanese victory\n* Significant loss of prestige for the Qing dynasty\n* Korea removed from Chinese suzerainty\n* Korean Peninsula transferred to Japanese sphere of influence\n* Assassination of Queen Min\n* Treaty of Shimonoseki"@en . . . "2002"^^ . . . . "2003"^^ . . "First Sino-Japanese War"@en . . "La unua japana-\u0109ina milito (\u0109ine: \u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89, \u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D, ji\u01CEw\u01D4 zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng, \"-milito\"; japane: \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89, nisshin sens\u014D, \"milito inter Japanujo kaj Qing-\u0108inujo\") okazis de la 1-a de a\u016Dgusto 1894 \u011Dis aprilo 1895. Tiam \u0108inujo estis Dinastio Qing kaj Japanujo estis Erao Meiji. En 1895 la du registaroj faris , kaj Japanujo atingis Tajvanon, , kaj ."@eo . . . . . . . "2013"^^ . . . . . . . "We, by the grace of Heaven, Emperor of Japan, seated on a Throne occupied by the same dynasty from time immemorial, do hereby make proclamation to all our loyal and brave subjects, as follows:\nWe hereby declare war against China, and we command each and all of our competent authorities, in obedience to our wish and with a view to the attainment of the national aim, to carry on hostilities by sea and by land against China, with all the means at their disposal, consistently with the Law of Nations.\n\nDuring the past three decades of our reign our constant aim has been to further the peaceful progress of the country in civilisation; and, being sensible of the evils inseparable from complications with foreign states, it has always been our pleasure to instruct our Minister of State to labour for the promotion of friendly relations with our Treaty Powers. We are gratified to know that the relations of our Empire with those Powers have yearly increased in good will and in friendship. Under the circumstances, we were unprepared for such a conspicuous want of amity and of good faith as has been manifested by China in her conduct towards this country in connexion with the Korean affair.\n\nKorea is an independent state. She was first introduced into the family of nations by the advice and guidance of Japan. It has, however, been China's habit to designate Korea as her dependency, and both openly and secretly to interfere with her domestic affairs. At the time of the recent insurrection in Korea, China despatched troops thither, alleging that her purpose was to afford a succour to her dependent state. We, in virtue of the treaty concluded with Korea in 1882, and looking to possible emergencies, caused a military force to be sent to that country.\n\nWishing to procure for Korea freedom from the calamity of perpetual disturbance, and thereby to maintain the peace of the East in general, Japan invited China's cooperation for the accomplishment of the object. But China, advancing various pretexts, declined Japan's proposal. Thereupon Japan advised Korea to reform her administration so that order and tranquillity might be preserved at home, and so that the country might be able to discharge the responsibilities and duties of an independent state abroad. Korea has already consented to undertake the task. But China has secretly and insidiously endeavoured to circumvent and to thwart Japan's purpose. She has further procrastinated and endeavoured to make warlike preparations both on land and at sea.\n\nWhen those preparations were completed she not only sent large reinforcements to Korea, with a view to the forcible attainment of her ambitious designs, but even carried her arbitrariness and insolence to the extent of opening fire upon our ships in Korean waters. China's plain object is to make it uncertain where the responsibility resides of preserving peace and order in Korea, and not only to weaken the position of that state in the family of nations - a position obtained for Korea through Japan's efforts - but also to obscure the significance of the treaties recognising and confirming that position. Such conduct on the part of China is not only a direct injury to the rights and interests of this Empire, but also a menace to the permanent peace and tranquillity of the Orient.\nJudging from her actions, it must be concluded that China from the beginning has been bent upon sacrificing peace to the attainment of her sinister object. In this situation, ardent as our wish is to promote the prestige of the country abroad by strictly peaceful methods, we find it impossible to avoid a formal declaration of war against China. It is our earnest wish that, by the loyalty and valour of our faithful subjects, peace may soon be permanently restored and the glory of the Empire be augmented and completed.\n\nGiven this 1st day of the eighth month of the 27th year of Meiji..."@en . . . . "1121103459"^^ . . . . . . "Perang Tiongkok-Jepang Pertama"@in . "Qing\u2013Japan War"@en . . . . . . . "1997"^^ . . "Primera Guerra sino-japonesa"@ca . . "Primera guerra sino-japonesa"@es . . . . "F\u00F6rsta kinesisk-japanska kriget, \u00E4ven k\u00E4nt som f\u00F6rsta sino-japanska kriget, (kinesiska: \u4E2D\u65E5\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D; pinyin: Zh\u014Dngr\u00EC Ji\u01CEw\u01D4zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng; japanska: \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89 r\u014Dmaji: Nisshin Sens\u014D) var en v\u00E4pnad konflikt mellan Qingdynastins Kina och Japanska imperiet, som varade fr\u00E5n den 1 augusti 1894 till den 17 april 1895. Kriget g\u00E4llde i huvudsak kontrollen \u00F6ver Koreahalv\u00F6n och resulterade i en f\u00F6rskjutning av makten i omr\u00E5det till Japans f\u00F6rdel."@sv . . . . . . . . "30"^^ . . . "--07-25"^^ . . . . "240616"^^ . . . . "2013"^^ . . "\u042F\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E-\u0446\u0456\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430 (\u044F\u043F. \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89, \u306B\u3063\u3057\u3093\u305B\u3093\u305D\u3046, \u041C\u0424\u0410: [\u0272i\u0255\u031A.\u0255i\u0274 senso\u02D0]; \u043A\u0438\u0442. \u7532\u5348\u6226\u4E89) \u2014 \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u043B\u0456\u043A\u0442 \u0443 1894-1895 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0445 \u043C\u0456\u0436 \u042F\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0442\u0430 \u043C\u0430\u043D\u044C\u0447\u0436\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0426\u0456\u043D, \u0449\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u0430 \u041A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0454\u043C, \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0434 \u041A\u043E\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u043C \u043F\u0456\u0432\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043C. \u041F\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043A\u0430 \u0426\u0456\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u043F\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043D\u0435\u043F\u0430\u0434 \u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0446\u0438\u0432\u0456\u043B\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0437\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044E\u0447\u0443 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0443\u0433\u0443 \u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0456\u0437\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043D\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u043A \u042F\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0457. \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043C\u043E\u0433\u0430 \u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0457 \u0443 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u043B\u0456\u043A\u0442\u0456 \u0441\u043F\u0440\u0438\u044F\u043B\u0430 \u043B\u0456\u043A\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0433\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u0443 \u0421\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0410\u0437\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0443 \u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0443 \u041A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0457."@uk . "La prima guerra sino-giapponese (in cinese \u4E2D\u65E5\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722DT, \u4E2D\u65E5\u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89S, Zh\u014Dngr\u00EC Ji\u01CEw\u01D4 Zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ngP; in giapponese: \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89, Nisshin Sensou) venne combattuta dal 1\u00BA agosto 1894 al 17 aprile 1895 tra l'impero Qing e l'Impero giapponese del periodo Meiji per il controllo della Corea."@it . . . "the Century of Humiliation"@en . . . . . "\u6DF8\u65E5\u6230\u722D"@en . "cheongil jeonjaeng"@en . . . . . "\uCCAD\uC77C \uC804\uC7C1(\u6DF8\u65E5\u6230\u722D)\uC740 \uC784\uC624\uAD70\uB780 \uB54C\uBD80\uD130 \uBBFC\uBE44(\uBA85\uC131\uD669\uD6C4)\uC758 \uC694\uCCAD\uC73C\uB85C \uC77C\uBC29\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC870\uC120\uC758 \uC885\uC8FC\uB97C \uC8FC\uC7A5\uD558\uB294 \uCCAD\uB098\uB77C\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574 \uC77C\uBCF8 \uC81C\uAD6D\uC774 \uC77C\uC73C\uD0A8 1894\uB144 7\uC6D4 25\uC77C\uBD80\uD130 1895\uB144 4\uC6D4\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uC804\uC7C1\uC774\uB2E4. \uC911\uAD6D\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uAC11\uC624\uB144\uC5D0 \uC77C\uC5B4\uB0AC\uB2E4\uACE0 \uD558\uC5EC \uAC11\uC624\uC804\uC7C1(\uC911\uAD6D\uC5B4 \uAC04\uCCB4\uC790: \u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89, \uC815\uCCB4\uC790: \u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D, \uBCD1\uC74C: Ji\u01CEw\u01D4 Zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng \uC790\uC6B0\uC794\uC815[*]), \uC77C\uBCF8\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uC77C\uCCAD\uC804\uC7C1(\uC77C\uBCF8\uC5B4: \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89 \uB2DB\uC2E0\uC13C\uC18C[*]), \uC11C\uC591\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uC81C1\uCC28 \uC911\uC77C \uC804\uC7C1(First Sino-Japanese War)\uC774\uB77C\uACE0\uB3C4 \uBD88\uB9B0\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . "F\u00F6rsta kinesisk-japanska kriget, \u00E4ven k\u00E4nt som f\u00F6rsta sino-japanska kriget, (kinesiska: \u4E2D\u65E5\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D; pinyin: Zh\u014Dngr\u00EC Ji\u01CEw\u01D4zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng; japanska: \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89 r\u014Dmaji: Nisshin Sens\u014D) var en v\u00E4pnad konflikt mellan Qingdynastins Kina och Japanska imperiet, som varade fr\u00E5n den 1 augusti 1894 till den 17 april 1895. Kriget g\u00E4llde i huvudsak kontrollen \u00F6ver Koreahalv\u00F6n och resulterade i en f\u00F6rskjutning av makten i omr\u00E5det till Japans f\u00F6rdel. P\u00E5 svenska ben\u00E4mns kriget omv\u00E4xlande sino-japanska kriget och kinesisk-japanska kriget. F\u00F6r att skilja detta fr\u00E5n det andra sino-japanska kriget s\u00E5 kallas kriget \"Jiawukriget\" (\u7532\u5348\u6226\u4E89) p\u00E5 kinesiska, eftersom det intr\u00E4ffade under det kinesiska \u00E5ret med samma namn. Den japanska ben\u00E4mningen \"Nisshin Sens\u014D\" betyder bokstavligt \"Japan-Qing-kriget\"."@sv . . "\uCCAD\uC77C\uC804\uC7C1"@en . "Kim"@en . "\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D\uFF0C\u4EA6\u79F0\u4E2D\u65E5\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D\uFF0C\u662F\u4E00\u5834\u4E2D\u570B\u6E05\u671D\u548C\u5927\u65E5\u672C\u5E1D\u570B\u4E4B\u9593\u7684\u8FD1\u4EE3\u6230\u722D\uFF0C\u5169\u570B\u570D\u7E5E\u8457\u671D\u9BAE\u534A\u5CF6\u7684\u5B97\u4E3B\u6B0A\u5C55\u958B\u4E86\u5168\u9762\u7684\u8ECD\u4E8B\u885D\u7A81\uFF0C\u570B\u969B\u793E\u6703\u5728\u6B64\u524D\u4E00\u76F4\u770B\u597D\u6E05\u671D\uFF0C\u4F46\u5BE6\u969B\u4E0A\u537B\u662F\u65E5\u672C\u65B9\u9762\u8F15\u9B06\u7372\u52DD\uFF0C\u800C\u6E05\u671D\u5247\u6158\u6557\u5F97\u6B78\uFF0C\u6700\u7D42\u4EE51895\u5E74\u7C3D\u8A02\u7684\u300A\u99AC\u95DC\u689D\u7D04\u300B\u6536\u5C3E\u3002 \u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D\u4EE5\u4E30\u5C9B\u6D77\u6218\u70BA\u6230\u722D\u7206\u767C\u7684\u6A19\u8A8C\uFF0C\u9678\u6230\u7684\u4E3B\u6230\u5834\u4F4D\u65BC\u671D\u9C9C\u534A\u5C9B\u3001\u8FBD\u4E1C\u534A\u5CF6\u548C\u5C71\u6771\u534A\u5CF6\uFF0C\u6D77\u8ECD\u7684\u4E3B\u6230\u5834\u4F4D\u65BC\u9EC3\u6D77\u548C\u6E24\u6D77\u3002\u4E2D\u65E5\u5169\u570B\u5728\u958B\u6230\u4E4B\u524D\u5747\u63A5\u53D7\u4E86\u4E0D\u540C\u7A0B\u5EA6\u7684\u897F\u5316\uFF0C\u4E5F\u90FD\u63A1\u53D6\u4E86\u897F\u6D0B\u5F0F\u6230\u8266\u548C\u9678\u8ECD\u88DD\u5099\uFF0C\u4F46\u7531\u65BC\u65E5\u672C\u7684\u5927\u7372\u5168\u52DD\uFF0C\u897F\u65B9\u5217\u5F37\u5728\u6B64\u4E00\u6230\u5F8C\u5C31\u4EE5\u5E73\u7B49\u7684\u59FF\u614B\u9762\u5C0D\u65E5\u672C\uFF1B\u800C\u6E05\u671D\u7684\u570B\u969B\u8072\u671B\u5247\u4E00\u843D\u5343\u4E08\uFF0C\u88AB\u8A8D\u70BA\u662F\u201C\u6771\u4E9E\u75C5\u592B\u201D\uFF0C\u897F\u65B9\u5217\u5F37\u770B\u7A7F\u4E86\u6E05\u671D\u7684\u897F\u65B9\u5316\u53EA\u662F\u5F92\u6709\u865B\u540D\u4E4B\u5F8C\u5C31\u4E0D\u518D\u624B\u8EDF\uFF0C\u958B\u555F\u4E86\u74DC\u5206\u4E2D\u570B\u7684\u72C2\u6F6E\u3002\u6B64\u6230\u4E5F\u6DF1\u9060\u7684\u5F71\u97FF\u4E86\u6771\u4E9E\u7684\u5916\u4EA4\u683C\u5C40\uFF0C\u671D\u9BAE\u534A\u5CF6\u6B63\u5F0F\u64FA\u812B\u4E86\u5169\u5343\u591A\u5E74\u4F86\u5C0D\u4E2D\u570B\u7684\u85E9\u5C6C\u570B\u5730\u4F4D\uFF0C\u4EE5\u4E2D\u570B\u70BA\u4E2D\u5FC3\u7684\u518A\u5C01\u9AD4\u5236\u5728\u6B64\u6642\u89E3\u9AD4\uFF0C\u4F46\u671D\u9BAE\u4E26\u6C92\u6709\u7372\u5F97\u771F\u6B63\u7684\u7368\u7ACB\uFF0C\u5176\u653F\u5E9C\u5728\u4E4B\u5F8C\u6162\u6162\u5730\u6DEA\u70BA\u65E5\u672C\u7684\u5080\u5121\uFF1B\u800C\u53F0\u7063\u5CF6\u5247\u88AB\u5272\u8B93\u7D66\u65E5\u672C\uFF0C\u6210\u70BA\u65E5\u672C\u7684\u7B2C\u4E00\u500B\u6B96\u6C11\u5730\u3002"@zh . "Total: 17,069 casualties"@en . . . . . . "65"^^ . "La unua japana-\u0109ina milito (\u0109ine: \u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89, \u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D, ji\u01CEw\u01D4 zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng, \"-milito\"; japane: \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89, nisshin sens\u014D, \"milito inter Japanujo kaj Qing-\u0108inujo\") okazis de la 1-a de a\u016Dgusto 1894 \u011Dis aprilo 1895. Tiam \u0108inujo estis Dinastio Qing kaj Japanujo estis Erao Meiji. En 1895 la du registaroj faris , kaj Japanujo atingis Tajvanon, , kaj ."@eo . . . . . . "Eerste Chinees-Japanse Oorlog"@nl . . . . . . . "ch'\u014Fngil ch\u014Fnjaeng"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Keene"@en . . . . . . . "Jowett"@en . . . . . . . . . "Prvn\u00ED \u010D\u00EDnsko-japonsk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka (1894\u20131895) byla v\u00E1lka mezi \u010D\u00EDnskou \u0159\u00ED\u0161\u00ED \u010Cching a Japonskem o nadvl\u00E1du nad \u00FAzem\u00EDm Korejsk\u00E9ho poloostrova a p\u0159ilehl\u00FDch oblast\u00ED. St\u0159etnut\u00ED skon\u010Dilo drtivou por\u00E1\u017Ekou \u010C\u00EDny, kter\u00E1 ztratila nejen sv\u016Fj vliv v Koreji, ale t\u00E9\u017E ostrov Tchaj-wan a postaven\u00ED prvn\u00ED asijsk\u00E9 velmoci, kter\u00E9 p\u0159evzalo Japonsko. V\u00E1lka nep\u0159\u00EDmo polo\u017Eila z\u00E1klad pozd\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED rusko-japonsk\u00E9 v\u00E1lky. Rusk\u00E9 imp\u00E9rium toti\u017E nejen\u017Ee vyu\u017Eilo oslaben\u00ED \u010C\u00EDny a \u010D\u00EDnsko-japonsk\u00E9 v\u00E1lky k ovl\u00E1dnut\u00ED \u010D\u00E1sti Mand\u017Euska, ale dokonce i k tomu, aby s podporou Francie a N\u011Bmecka p\u0159inutilo Japonsko, aby mu p\u0159edalo Port Arthur, kter\u00FD mu \u010C\u00EDna v \u0160imonoseck\u00E9 m\u00EDrov\u00E9 smlouv\u011B tak\u00E9 postoupila."@cs . . . "Proclamation of the Chinese Guangxu Emperor"@en . "Jowett"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D"@en . . . "630000"^^ . "\u042F\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E-\u0446\u0456\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430"@uk . . . . "Wojna chi\u0144sko-japo\u0144ska (1894\u20131895), w Chinach nazywana wojn\u0105 jiawu, upr: \u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89; trad. \u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D (ji\u01CEw\u01D4 zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng)), a w Japonii wojn\u0105 Japonia\u2013Qing (\u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89; nisshin-sens\u014D) \u2013 wojna podj\u0119ta przez Japoni\u0119 w celu uzyskania koncesji terytorialnych i gospodarczych od Chin."@pl . . . "As we entered the town of Port Arthur, we saw the head of a Japanese soldier displayed on a wooden stake. This filled us with rage and a desire to crush any Chinese soldier. Anyone we saw in the town, we killed. The streets were filled with corpses, so many they blocked our way. We killed people in their homes; by and large, there wasn't a single house without from three to six dead. Blood was flowing and the smell was awful. We sent out search parties. We shot some, hacked at others. The Chinese troops just dropped their arms and fled. Firing and slashing, it was unbounded joy. At this time, our artillery troops were at the rear, giving three cheers [[[Ten thousand years|banzai]]] for the emperor."@en . "La Primera Guerra sino-japonesa (xin\u00E8s: \u4E2D\u65E5\u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89; pinyin: Zh\u014Dngr\u00EC Ji\u01CEw\u01D4 Zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng; japon\u00E8s: \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89; romaji: Nisshin Sens\u014D) (1 d'agost del 1894 \u2013 17 d'abril de 1895) va enfrontar el Jap\u00F3 de l'Era Meiji i la Xina de la dinastia Qing pel control de Corea. En xin\u00E8s, per a distingir-la de la Segona Guerra sino-japonesa, se la coneix com a Guerra Jiawu (Ji\u01CEw\u01D4), ja que va oc\u00F3rrer l'any xin\u00E8s que porta aquest nom."@ca . . . . "Prvn\u00ED \u010D\u00EDnsko-japonsk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka (1894\u20131895) byla v\u00E1lka mezi \u010D\u00EDnskou \u0159\u00ED\u0161\u00ED \u010Cching a Japonskem o nadvl\u00E1du nad \u00FAzem\u00EDm Korejsk\u00E9ho poloostrova a p\u0159ilehl\u00FDch oblast\u00ED. St\u0159etnut\u00ED skon\u010Dilo drtivou por\u00E1\u017Ekou \u010C\u00EDny, kter\u00E1 ztratila nejen sv\u016Fj vliv v Koreji, ale t\u00E9\u017E ostrov Tchaj-wan a postaven\u00ED prvn\u00ED asijsk\u00E9 velmoci, kter\u00E9 p\u0159evzalo Japonsko. V\u00E1lka nep\u0159\u00EDmo polo\u017Eila z\u00E1klad pozd\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED rusko-japonsk\u00E9 v\u00E1lky. Rusk\u00E9 imp\u00E9rium toti\u017E nejen\u017Ee vyu\u017Eilo oslaben\u00ED \u010C\u00EDny a \u010D\u00EDnsko-japonsk\u00E9 v\u00E1lky k ovl\u00E1dnut\u00ED \u010D\u00E1sti Mand\u017Euska, ale dokonce i k tomu, aby s podporou Francie a N\u011Bmecka p\u0159inutilo Japonsko, aby mu p\u0159edalo Port Arthur, kter\u00FD mu \u010C\u00EDna v \u0160imonoseck\u00E9 m\u00EDrov\u00E9 smlouv\u011B tak\u00E9 postoupila."@cs . . "\u042F\u043F\u043E\u043D\u043E-\u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430 1894\u20141895 \u2014 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430 \u042F\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u043C\u0430\u043D\u044C\u0447\u0436\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0426\u0438\u043D \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043B\u044C\u044E \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0433\u043E\u0441\u043F\u043E\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u041A\u043E\u0440\u0435\u0435 (\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044F \u0432\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E \u043E\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E \u043A \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0426\u0438\u043D) \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0432 \u041C\u0430\u043D\u044C\u0447\u0436\u0443\u0440\u0438\u044E \u0438 \u041A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u042F\u043F\u043E\u043D\u043E-\u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430 1894\u20141895 \u2014 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430 \u042F\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u043C\u0430\u043D\u044C\u0447\u0436\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0426\u0438\u043D \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043B\u044C\u044E \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0433\u043E\u0441\u043F\u043E\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u041A\u043E\u0440\u0435\u0435 (\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044F \u0432\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E \u043E\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E \u043A \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0426\u0438\u043D) \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0432 \u041C\u0430\u043D\u044C\u0447\u0436\u0443\u0440\u0438\u044E \u0438 \u041A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439."@ru . . . . . "630,000 men" . "\u039F \u0391\u0384 \u03A3\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03CA\u03B1\u03C0\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03BF\u03C2 (1 \u0391\u03C5\u03B3\u03BF\u03CD\u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 1894 \u2013 17 \u0391\u03C0\u03C1\u03B9\u03BB\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1895) \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C3\u03CD\u03B3\u03BA\u03C1\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B1\u03BD\u03AC\u03BC\u03B5\u03C3\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u0399\u03B1\u03C0\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u0391\u03C5\u03C4\u03BF\u03BA\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1 \u039C\u03B5\u0390\u03C4\u03B6\u03B9 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u039A\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03A4\u03C3\u03B9\u03BD\u03B3\u03BA, \u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C9\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03AD\u03BB\u03B5\u03B3\u03C7\u03BF \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u039A\u03BF\u03C1\u03AD\u03B1\u03C2. \u0397 \u03AE\u03C4\u03C4\u03B1 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u039A\u03B9\u03BD\u03AD\u03B6\u03C9\u03BD \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03AC \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03AD\u03BE\u03B9 \u03BC\u03AE\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2, \u03B5\u03BE\u03AD\u03C0\u03BB\u03B7\u03BE\u03B5 \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03BA\u03CC\u03C3\u03BC\u03BF \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03BA\u03AC\u03BB\u03C5\u03C8\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03CD\u03BD\u03B1\u03BC\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B9\u03B1\u03C0\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03CD, \u03BF \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF\u03C2 \u03AD\u03B4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C3\u03B5 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03B8\u03B1\u03C5\u03BC\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE \u03C4\u03B1\u03C7\u03CD\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1. \u0397 \u0399\u03B1\u03C0\u03C9\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03BA\u03CC\u03BC\u03B9\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C3\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03B5\u03B4\u03B1\u03C6\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03BF\u03C6\u03AD\u03BB\u03B7, \u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03AC \u03B7 \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03AD\u03BC\u03B2\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03A1\u03C9\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2, \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0393\u03B5\u03C1\u03BC\u03B1\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0393\u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B1\u03BD\u03AC\u03B3\u03BA\u03B1\u03C3\u03B1\u03BD \u03BD\u03B1 \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1\u03B9\u03C4\u03B7\u03B8\u03B5\u03AF \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B1. \u0397 \u03C4\u03B1\u03C0\u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B9\u03C9\u03C3\u03B1\u03BD \u03BF\u03B9 \u0399\u03AC\u03C0\u03C9\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2 \u03B3\u03AD\u03BD\u03BD\u03B7\u03C3\u03B5 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03B1\u03AF\u03C3\u03B8\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1 \u03B5\u03B8\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03BF\u03CD \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AD\u03BA\u03BB\u03C5\u03C3\u03B5 \u03BF\u03BB\u03CC\u03BA\u03BB\u03B7\u03C1\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03C7\u03CE\u03C1\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03C0\u03C1\u03C9\u03C4\u03B5\u03CD\u03C9\u03BD \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03AC\u03B3\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B9\u03BC\u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03B1\u03BB\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0399\u03B1\u03C0\u03C9\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD 19\u03BF \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 20\u03CC \u03B1\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD\u03B1."@el . . . "La Primera Guerra sino-japonesa (xin\u00E8s: \u4E2D\u65E5\u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89; pinyin: Zh\u014Dngr\u00EC Ji\u01CEw\u01D4 Zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng; japon\u00E8s: \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89; romaji: Nisshin Sens\u014D) (1 d'agost del 1894 \u2013 17 d'abril de 1895) va enfrontar el Jap\u00F3 de l'Era Meiji i la Xina de la dinastia Qing pel control de Corea. En xin\u00E8s, per a distingir-la de la Segona Guerra sino-japonesa, se la coneix com a Guerra Jiawu (Ji\u01CEw\u01D4), ja que va oc\u00F3rrer l'any xin\u00E8s que porta aquest nom. Ambd\u00F3s pa\u00EFsos es disputaven el control de Corea i va arribar a simbolitzar la degeneraci\u00F3 i el debilitament de la dinastia Qing. Va posar de manifest l'\u00E8xit de la modernitzaci\u00F3 duta a terme al Jap\u00F3 des de la Restauraci\u00F3 Meiji en comparaci\u00F3 amb la de la Xina. El Jap\u00F3 temia l'expansi\u00F3 de l'Imperi Rus a Manx\u00FAria i Corea, i tractava d'aconseguir conquestes a l'estranger seguint la ideologia nacionalista Meiji. La (Yi) de Corea tractava de preservar el seu tradicional a\u00EFllament i la relaci\u00F3 tribut\u00E0ria amb la Xina que, al seu torn, s'esfor\u00E7ava per protegir el seu principal vassall."@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ""@en . 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"Wojna chi\u0144sko-japo\u0144ska (1894\u20131895)"@pl . . "Japan\u2013Qing War"@en . . . . "240,616 men" . . ""@en . "Lehen Txina-Japonia Gerra (1894-1895), Txina eta Japoniaren arteko gerra bat izan zen, nagusiki Korearen kontrola lortzeko. Txineraz, Bigarren Txina-Japonia Gerratik bereizteko, Jiawu Gerra (\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D) izenaz da ezaguna, izen hori daraman txinatar urtean gertatu baitzen. 1895eko martxoan, bi herrialdeek, Shimonosekiko hitzarmena sinatu zuten, eta Txinak, Taiwan, Penghu uhartedia eta Liaodong penintsula Japoniari ematea onartzen du. Baina, urte horretan bertan, Errusiak, Japoniaren hedapenak gune hartako bere interes geopolitikoak arriskuan jartzen zituela ikusita, Frantzia eta Britainia Handiaren laguntzarekin, japoniar gobernua presionatu zuten modu \"adiskidetsuan\", Shimonosekiko hitzarmenaren bidez lortutako abantailak berrikus zitzan. Japoniak, une horretan, bere burua, Errusiari aurre egiteko gai ikusten ez zuela, batez ere azken herrialde honek frantziarren eta britainiarren laguntza zuela jakinda, etsi egin zuen, eta, Errusiaren mesedetan, lortutako Liaodong penintsularen gaineko eta bertako gune estrategikoaren gaineko eskubideei uko egin behar izan zien. Gertaera honek, Japoniak, Shimonosekiko hitzarmenaren bidez lortutako gainontzeko lurraldeak mantentzen zituen arren, japoniarrengan mendeku nahi bizia sortu zuen. Hamar urte beranduago, ez zuten mendeku hori hartzeko aukera alferrik galduko Errusia-Japonia Gerraren bidez."@eu . . . . . "* Significant loss of prestige for theQing dynasty" . . . "56"^^ . . . . . . . "* Assassination ofQueen Min" . "La premi\u00E8re guerre sino-japonaise ou sino-nippone (1er ao\u00FBt 1894 - 17 avril 1895) oppose la Chine \u00E0 l\u2019empire du Japon, \u00E0 l\u2019origine pour le contr\u00F4le de la Cor\u00E9e. Apr\u00E8s plus de six mois de succ\u00E8s continus des forces navales et terrestres japonaises, ajout\u00E9s \u00E0 la perte du port de Weihai, les Qing demandent la paix en f\u00E9vrier 1895. La guerre trahit l\u2019\u00E9chec du mouvement d'auto-renforcement visant \u00E0 moderniser l\u2019arm\u00E9e imp\u00E9riale chinoise et \u00E0 repousser les menaces pesant sur sa souverainet\u00E9, surtout compar\u00E9 au succ\u00E8s du Japon apr\u00E8s la restauration de Meiji. Pour la premi\u00E8re fois, la domination r\u00E9gionale de l\u2019Asie orientale passe de la Chine au Japon. Le prestige de la dynastie Qing, tout comme la tradition classique en Chine, subissent un revers consid\u00E9rable. La perte humiliante de la Cor\u00E9e comme \u00C9tat vassal suscite une importante vague de protestation. En Chine, la d\u00E9faite pr\u00E9cipite une s\u00E9rie de changements politiques (r\u00E9forme des Cent Jours de juin \u00E0 septembre 1898) de Kang Youwei, finalement arr\u00EAt\u00E9 par l'imp\u00E9ratrice douairi\u00E8re Cixi, et r\u00E9volutions, avec notamment le soul\u00E8vement de Wuchang (1911), par Sun Yat-sen. Le conflit est appel\u00E9 en Chine guerre de Jiawu (chinois traditionnel : \u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D ; chinois simplifi\u00E9 : \u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89 ; pinyin : Ji\u01CEw\u01D4 Zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng), en r\u00E9f\u00E9rence \u00E0 l\u2019ann\u00E9e 1894 nomm\u00E9e d\u2019apr\u00E8s le calendrier traditionnel. Au Japon, elle est appel\u00E9e guerre Japon-Qing (\u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89, Nisshin sens\u014D). En Cor\u00E9e, o\u00F9 une grande partie du conflit a eu lieu, elle est appel\u00E9e guerre Qing-Japon (cor\u00E9en : \uCCAD\uC77C\uC804\uC7C1, hanja : \u6DF8\u65E5\u6230\u722D)."@fr . . "Ji\u01CEw\u01D4 Zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng"@en . . 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\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0642\u0627\u062F\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0646 \u064A\u0627\u062A \u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062C \u064A\u0648\u0648\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063A\u062A \u0623\u0648\u062C\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u064A\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1911. \u062A\u064F\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064A\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u062D\u0631\u0628 \u062C\u064A\u0627\u0648\u0648 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064A\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629: \u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D\u060C \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064A\u0646\u064A\u064A\u0646: Ji\u01CEw\u01D4 Zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng)\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u064A\u0634\u064A\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 (1894) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064A\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062A\u064A\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u062D\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062A. \u0648\u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060C \u062A\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646-\u062A\u0634\u064A\u0646\u063A (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629: \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89\u060C \u0628\u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u064A\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0646: Nisshin sens\u014D). \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0643\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0627\u060C \u062D\u064A\u062B \u062D\u062F\u062B \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628\u060C \u0641\u0647\u064A \u062A\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u062D\u0631\u0628 \u062A\u0634\u064A\u0646\u063A-\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629: \uCCAD\uC77C\uC804\uC7C1\u060C \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0646\u062C\u0627: \u6DF8\u65E5\u6230\u722D). \u0627\u0646\u062F\u0644\u0639\u062A \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062A\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062A \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0634\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064A\u0646\u064A\u060C \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062A\u062D\u0648\u0644\u062A \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062D\u0631\u0628 \u062D\u0642\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0629 \u00AB\u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064A\u0646\u064A\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629\u00BB\u060C \u0631\u062C\u062D\u062A \u0623\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062B \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062F\u062A \u062A\u0641\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064A\u060C \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064A\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062F\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u064A\u0646\u0627\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1895. \u0623\u0641\u0636\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062D\u0627\u062F\u062B\u0627\u062A \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0648\u0642\u064A\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062F\u0629 \u0634\u064A\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0633\u064A\u0643\u064A \u064A\u0648\u0645 17 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0644 1895 \u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0643\u0631\u0633\u062A \u0627\u0646\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646. \u0636\u0645\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062E\u064A\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062B\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062C\u0632\u064A\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627 (\u062A\u0627\u064A\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0648\u0645)\u060C \u0623\u0631\u062E\u0628\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0633\u0643\u0627\u062F\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0633 (\u0628\u0646\u062A\u0634\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0648\u0645) \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062C\u0632\u064A\u0631\u0629 \u00AB\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0648\u062F\u0648\u0646\u063A\u00BB. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062A\u062F\u062E\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0631\u0628\u064A\u0629 (\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064A\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627) \u0627\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0627\u062F\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064A\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062E\u064A\u0631\u0629."@ar . . . . "De Eerste Chinees-Japanse Oorlog (ook wel Eerste Sino-Japanse oorlog) was een oorlog die gevochten werd door Japan en China, die ontbrandde vanwege een onenigheid over keizerrijk Korea. Deze oorlog duurde van 1894 tot 1895 en liep uit op een overwinning van Japan, waarmee het de wereld verraste en China vernederde."@nl . . "Perang Tiongkok-Jepang Pertama (\u4E2D\u65E5\u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89/\u4E2D\u65E5\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D - Zh\u014Dngr\u00EC Ji\u01CEw\u01D4 Zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng); (\u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89 Romaji: Nisshin Sens\u014D) (1 Agustus 1894\u201317 April 1895) adalah sebuah perang antara Dinasti Qing Tiongkok dan Meiji Jepang dalam perebutan kendali atas Korea. Perang Tiongkok-Jepang merupakan simbol kemerosotan Dinasti Qing dan juga menunjukkan kesuksesan modernisasi Jepang sejak Restorasi Meiji dibandingkan dengan Gerakan Penguatan Diri di Tiongkok."@in . . . . . . "Olender"@en . "Wojna chi\u0144sko-japo\u0144ska (1894\u20131895), w Chinach nazywana wojn\u0105 jiawu, upr: \u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89; trad. \u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D (ji\u01CEw\u01D4 zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng)), a w Japonii wojn\u0105 Japonia\u2013Qing (\u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89; nisshin-sens\u014D) \u2013 wojna podj\u0119ta przez Japoni\u0119 w celu uzyskania koncesji terytorialnych i gospodarczych od Chin."@pl . "diary"@en . . . . . . "Makio Okabe"@en . "First Sino-Japanese War"@en . . "\u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89\uFF08\u306B\u3063\u3057\u3093\u305B\u3093\u305D\u3046\uFF09\u306F\u30011894\u5E74\uFF08\u660E\u6CBB27\u5E74\uFF097\u670825\u65E5\u304B\u30891895\u5E74\uFF08\u660E\u6CBB28\u5E74\uFF094\u670817\u65E5\u306B\u304B\u3051\u3066\u65E5\u672C\u3068\u6E05\u56FD\u306E\u9593\u3067\u884C\u308F\u308C\u305F\u6226\u4E89\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u306A\u304A\u3001\u6B63\u5F0F\u306B\u5BA3\u6226\u5E03\u544A\u3055\u308C\u305F\u306E\u306F1894\u5E748\u67081\u65E5\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u5B8C\u5168\u306A\u7D42\u6226\u306F\u53F0\u6E7E\u306E\u5E73\u5B9A\u3092\u7D42\u3048\u305F1895\u5E7411\u670830\u65E5\u3068\u3059\u308B\u898B\u65B9\u3082\u3042\u308B\u3002\u674E\u6C0F\u671D\u9BAE\u306E\u5730\u4F4D\u78BA\u8A8D\u3068\u671D\u9BAE\u534A\u5CF6\u306E\u6A29\u76CA\u3092\u5DE1\u308B\u4E89\u3044\u304C\u539F\u56E0\u3068\u306A\u3063\u3066\u5F15\u304D\u8D77\u3053\u3055\u308C\u3001\u4E3B\u306B\u671D\u9BAE\u534A\u5CF6\u3068\u907C\u6771\u534A\u5CF6\u304A\u3088\u3073\u9EC4\u6D77\u3067\u4E21\u56FD\u306F\u4EA4\u6226\u3057\u3001\u65E5\u672C\u5074\u306E\u52DD\u5229\u3068\u898B\u306A\u305B\u308B\u65E5\u6E05\u8B1B\u548C\u6761\u7D04\uFF08\u4E0B\u95A2\u6761\u7D04\uFF09\u306E\u8ABF\u5370\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7D42\u7D50\u3057\u305F\u3002 \u58EC\u5348\u8ECD\u4E71\u4EE5\u5F8C\u3001\u9594\u5983\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6E05\u56FD\u306F\u674E\u6C0F\u671D\u9BAE\u306B\u5BFE\u3059\u308B\u5B97\u4E3B\u6A29\u3092\u4E00\u65B9\u7684\u306B\u4E3B\u5F35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305F\u305F\u3081\u3001\u8B1B\u548C\u6761\u7D04\u306E\u4E2D\u3067\u65E5\u672C\u5E1D\u56FD\u306F\u3001\u674E\u6C0F\u671D\u9BAE\u306B\u5BFE\u3059\u308B\u6E05\u56FD\u306E\u4E00\u65B9\u7684\u306A\u5B97\u4E3B\u6A29\u306E\u653E\u68C4\u3092\u627F\u8A8D\u3055\u305B\u305F\u4ED6\u3001\u6E05\u56FD\u304B\u3089\u53F0\u6E7E\u3001\u6F8E\u6E56\u8AF8\u5CF6\u3001\u907C\u6771\u534A\u5CF6\u3092\u5272\u8B72\u3055\u308C\u3001\u307E\u305F\u5DE8\u984D\u306E\u8CE0\u511F\u91D1\u3082\u7372\u5F97\u3057\u305F\u3002\u3057\u304B\u3057\u3001\u8B1B\u548C\u76F4\u5F8C\u306E\u4E09\u56FD\u5E72\u6E09\u306B\u3088\u308A\u907C\u6771\u534A\u5CF6\u306F\u624B\u653E\u3059\u3053\u3068\u306B\u306A\u3063\u305F\u3002\u6226\u4E89\u306B\u52DD\u5229\u3057\u305F\u65E5\u672C\u306F\u3001\u30A2\u30B8\u30A2\u306E\u8FD1\u4EE3\u56FD\u5BB6\u3068\u8A8D\u3081\u3089\u308C\u3066\u56FD\u969B\u7684\u5730\u4F4D\u304C\u5411\u4E0A\u3057\u3001\u652F\u6255\u308F\u308C\u305F\u8CE0\u511F\u91D1\u306E\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u306F\u8ECD\u5099\u62E1\u5F35\u8CBB\u7528\u3001\u8ECD\u4E8B\u8CBB\u3068\u306A\u3063\u305F\u3002[1][2] \u4EE5\u4E0B\u300C\u548C\u66A6\u3092\u542B\u3080\u897F\u66A6\uFF08\u4E2D\u56FD\u66A6\uFF09\u300D\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5F62\u5F0F\u3067\u5E74\u6708\u65E5\u3092\u8868\u8A18\u3059\u308B\u3002\u7279\u306B\u65AD\u308A\u304C\u306A\u3051\u308C\u3070\u30B0\u30EC\u30B4\u30EA\u30AA\u66A6\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . "Japanese victory" . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Korea has been our tributary for the past two hundred odd years. She has given us tribute all this time, which is a matter known to the world. For the past dozen years or so Korea has been troubled by repeated insurrections and we, in sympathy with our small tributary, have as repeatedly sent succour to her aid, eventually placing a Resident in her capital to protect Korea's interests. In the fourth moon of this year another rebellion was begun in Korea, and the King repeatedly asked again for aid from us to put down the rebellion. We then ordered Li Hongzhang to send troops to Korea; and they having barely reached Yashan the rebels immediately scattered. But the Wojen, without any cause whatever, suddenly sent their troops to Korea, and entered Seoul, the capital of Korea, reinforcing them constantly until they have exceeded ten thousand men. In the meantime the Japanese forced the Korean king to change his system of government, showing a disposition every way of bullying the Koreans.\n\nIt was found a difficult matter to reason with the Wojen. Although we have been in the habit of assisting our tributaries, we have never interfered with their internal government. Japan's treaty with Korea was as one country with another; there is no law for sending large armies to bully a country in this way, and compel it to change its system of government. The various powers are united in condemning the conduct of the Japanese, and can give no reasonable name to the army she now has in Korea. Nor has Japan been amenable to reason, nor would she listen to the exhortation to withdraw her troops and confer amicably upon what should be done in Korea. On the contrary, Japan has shown herself bellicose without regard to appearances, and has been increasing her forces there. Her conduct alarmed the people of Korea as well as our merchants there, and so we sent more troops over to protect them. Judge of our surprise then when, halfway to Korea, a number of the Wojen ships suddenly appeared, and taking advantage of our unpreparedness, opened fire upon our transports at a spot on the sea-coast near Yashan, and damaged them, thus causing us to suffer from their treacherous conduct, which could not be foretold by us. As Japan has violated the treaties and not observed international laws, and is now running rampant with her false and treacherous actions commencing hostilities herself, and laying herself open to condemnation by the various powers at large, we therefore desire to make it known to the world that we have always followed the paths of philanthropy and perfect justice throughout the whole complications, while the Wojen, on the other hand, have broken all the laws of nations and treaties which it passes our patience to bear with.\n\nHence we have commanded Li Hongzhang to give strict orders to our various armies to hasten with all speed to root the Wojen out of their lairs. He is to send successive armies of valiant men to Korea in order to save the Koreans from the dust of bondage. We also command the Manchu generals, viceroys and governors of the maritime provinces, as well as the commanders-in-chief of the various armies, to prepare for war and to make every effort to fire on the Wojen ships if they come into our ports, and utterly destroy them. We exhort our generals to refrain from the least laxity in obeying our commands in order to avoid severe punishment at our hands. Let all know this edict as if addressed to themselves individually.\n\nRespect this!"@en . "\u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89"@zh . . . . "The cession of Taiwan and Penghu islands by Qing China to Japan. The Liaodong Peninsula was initially ceded but forced to return to China due to Triple Intervention"@en . "The First Sino-Japanese War (25 July 1894 \u2013 17 April 1895) was a conflict between China and Japan primarily over influence in Korea. After more than six months of unbroken successes by Japanese land and naval forces and the loss of the port of Weihaiwei, the Qing government sued for peace in February 1895. The war demonstrated the failure of the Qing dynasty's attempts to modernize its military and fend off threats to its sovereignty, especially when compared with Japan's successful Meiji Restoration. For the first time, regional dominance in East Asia shifted from China to Japan; the prestige of the Qing dynasty, along with the classical tradition in China, suffered a major blow. The humiliating loss of Korea as a tributary state sparked an unprecedented public outcry. Within China, the defeat was a catalyst for a series of political upheavals led by Sun Yat-sen and Kang Youwei, culminating in the 1911 Xinhai Revolution. The war is commonly known in China as the War of Jiawu (Chinese: \u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D; pinyin: Ji\u01CEw\u01D4 Zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng), referring to the year (1894) as named under the traditional sexagenary system of years. In Japan, it is called the Japan\u2013Qing War (Japanese: \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89, Hepburn: Nisshin sens\u014D). In Korea, where much of the war took place, it is called the Qing\u2013Japan War (Korean: \uCCAD\uC77C\uC804\uC7C1; Hanja: \u6DF8\u65E5\u6230\u722D)."@en . . . "Prima guerra sino-giapponese"@it . . . . . . . . . . "1894-07-25"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "War of Jiawu \u2013 referring to the year 1894 under the traditional sexagenary system"@en . "Jansen"@en . . . . . "35000"^^ . . "Lehen Txina-Japonia Gerra (1894-1895), Txina eta Japoniaren arteko gerra bat izan zen, nagusiki Korearen kontrola lortzeko. Txineraz, Bigarren Txina-Japonia Gerratik bereizteko, Jiawu Gerra (\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D) izenaz da ezaguna, izen hori daraman txinatar urtean gertatu baitzen. 1895eko martxoan, bi herrialdeek, Shimonosekiko hitzarmena sinatu zuten, eta Txinak, Taiwan, Penghu uhartedia eta Liaodong penintsula Japoniari ematea onartzen du."@eu . . . "La primera guerra sino-japonesa o chino-japonesa\u200B (en chino, \u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89; en japon\u00E9s, \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89) (1 de agosto de 1894-17 de abril de 1895) se libr\u00F3 entre la dinast\u00EDa Qing de China y el naciente Imperio del Jap\u00F3n, principalmente por el control de Corea. Despu\u00E9s de m\u00E1s de seis meses de victorias ininterrumpidas del Ej\u00E9rcito imperial y la Armada japonesa, as\u00ED como de la toma del puerto chino de Weihai, China solicit\u00F3 la paz en febrero de 1895. La guerra fue un claro indicio del fracaso del intento de la dinast\u00EDa Qing de modernizar sus fuerzas armadas y defenderse de las amenazas a su soberan\u00EDa, sobre todo en comparaci\u00F3n con el \u00E9xito de Jap\u00F3n posterior a la Restauraci\u00F3n Meiji. Por primera vez, el dominio regional en el este de Asia pas\u00F3 de China a Jap\u00F3n, y el prestigio de la dinast\u00EDa Qing, junto con la tradici\u00F3n cl\u00E1sica en China, sufrieron un duro golpe. La humillante p\u00E9rdida de Corea como Estado vasallo de la dinast\u00EDa Qing provoc\u00F3 una protesta p\u00FAblica sin precedentes. En China, la derrota fue un catalizador para una serie de revoluciones y cambios pol\u00EDticos dirigidos por Sun Yat-Sen y . Estas tendencias se manifestar\u00EDan m\u00E1s tarde en la Revoluci\u00F3n de 1911, que acab\u00F3 con la monarqu\u00EDa. En marzo de 1895, se firm\u00F3 el Tratado de Shimonoseki entre Jap\u00F3n y China por el cual esta ced\u00EDa Taiw\u00E1n, las islas Pescadores y Liaodong al Imperio del Jap\u00F3n. Este conflicto se conoce com\u00FAnmente en China como la guerra de Jiawu (chino simplificado: \u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89, chino tradicional: \u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89; pinyin: Ji\u01CEw\u01D4 Zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng), refiri\u00E9ndose al a\u00F1o (1894) como el nombre bajo el sistema tradicional sexagenario de nomenclatura. En Jap\u00F3n, se le conoce com\u00FAnmente como guerra de Jap\u00F3n-Qing (Nisshin Sens\u014D, \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89)."@es . . . . . . . . . . "De Eerste Chinees-Japanse Oorlog (ook wel Eerste Sino-Japanse oorlog) was een oorlog die gevochten werd door Japan en China, die ontbrandde vanwege een onenigheid over keizerrijk Korea. Deze oorlog duurde van 1894 tot 1895 en liep uit op een overwinning van Japan, waarmee het de wereld verraste en China vernederde."@nl . . . . "Prvn\u00ED \u010D\u00EDnsko-japonsk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka"@cs . . "zh, ja, ko1"@en . . . . . . . . . . "\u042F\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E-\u0446\u0456\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430 (\u044F\u043F. \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89, \u306B\u3063\u3057\u3093\u305B\u3093\u305D\u3046, \u041C\u0424\u0410: [\u0272i\u0255\u031A.\u0255i\u0274 senso\u02D0]; \u043A\u0438\u0442. \u7532\u5348\u6226\u4E89) \u2014 \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u043B\u0456\u043A\u0442 \u0443 1894-1895 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0445 \u043C\u0456\u0436 \u042F\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0442\u0430 \u043C\u0430\u043D\u044C\u0447\u0436\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0426\u0456\u043D, \u0449\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u0430 \u041A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0454\u043C, \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0434 \u041A\u043E\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u043C \u043F\u0456\u0432\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043C. \u041F\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043A\u0430 \u0426\u0456\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u043F\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043D\u0435\u043F\u0430\u0434 \u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0446\u0438\u0432\u0456\u043B\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0437\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044E\u0447\u0443 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0443\u0433\u0443 \u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0456\u0437\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043D\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u043A \u042F\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0457. \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043C\u043E\u0433\u0430 \u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0457 \u0443 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u043B\u0456\u043A\u0442\u0456 \u0441\u043F\u0440\u0438\u044F\u043B\u0430 \u043B\u0456\u043A\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0433\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u0443 \u0421\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0410\u0437\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0443 \u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0443 \u041A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0457."@uk . "\u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89"@en . "*Korearemoved from Chinesesuzerainty" . . . . . "Peattie"@en . . "\uCCAD\uC77C \uC804\uC7C1"@ko . . . . . "La primera guerra sino-japonesa o chino-japonesa\u200B (en chino, \u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89; en japon\u00E9s, \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89) (1 de agosto de 1894-17 de abril de 1895) se libr\u00F3 entre la dinast\u00EDa Qing de China y el naciente Imperio del Jap\u00F3n, principalmente por el control de Corea. Despu\u00E9s de m\u00E1s de seis meses de victorias ininterrumpidas del Ej\u00E9rcito imperial y la Armada japonesa, as\u00ED como de la toma del puerto chino de Weihai, China solicit\u00F3 la paz en febrero de 1895. En marzo de 1895, se firm\u00F3 el Tratado de Shimonoseki entre Jap\u00F3n y China por el cual esta ced\u00EDa Taiw\u00E1n, las islas Pescadores y Liaodong al Imperio del Jap\u00F3n."@es . . "69972"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1895-04-17"^^ . . "Ch\u00E1oxi\u01CEn c\u00E8l\u00FC\u00E8"@en . . . . . . "April 2022"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "* First Army\n** 3rd Provincial Division \n** 5th Provincial Division \n* Second Army\n** 1st Provincial Division \n** 2nd Provincial Division \n** 6th Provincial Division \n* In reserve\n** 4th Provincial Division \n* Invasion of Formosa \n** Imperial Guards Division"@en . "Primeira Guerra Sino-Japonesa"@pt . . "35,000 dead and wounded" . . . . "F\u00F6rsta kinesisk-japanska kriget"@sv . . . . . . "\uCCAD\uC77C \uC804\uC7C1(\u6DF8\u65E5\u6230\u722D)\uC740 \uC784\uC624\uAD70\uB780 \uB54C\uBD80\uD130 \uBBFC\uBE44(\uBA85\uC131\uD669\uD6C4)\uC758 \uC694\uCCAD\uC73C\uB85C \uC77C\uBC29\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC870\uC120\uC758 \uC885\uC8FC\uB97C \uC8FC\uC7A5\uD558\uB294 \uCCAD\uB098\uB77C\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574 \uC77C\uBCF8 \uC81C\uAD6D\uC774 \uC77C\uC73C\uD0A8 1894\uB144 7\uC6D4 25\uC77C\uBD80\uD130 1895\uB144 4\uC6D4\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uC804\uC7C1\uC774\uB2E4. \uC911\uAD6D\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uAC11\uC624\uB144\uC5D0 \uC77C\uC5B4\uB0AC\uB2E4\uACE0 \uD558\uC5EC \uAC11\uC624\uC804\uC7C1(\uC911\uAD6D\uC5B4 \uAC04\uCCB4\uC790: \u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89, \uC815\uCCB4\uC790: \u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D, \uBCD1\uC74C: Ji\u01CEw\u01D4 Zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng \uC790\uC6B0\uC794\uC815[*]), \uC77C\uBCF8\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uC77C\uCCAD\uC804\uC7C1(\uC77C\uBCF8\uC5B4: \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89 \uB2DB\uC2E0\uC13C\uC18C[*]), \uC11C\uC591\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uC81C1\uCC28 \uC911\uC77C \uC804\uC7C1(First Sino-Japanese War)\uC774\uB77C\uACE0\uB3C4 \uBD88\uB9B0\uB2E4."@ko . . "Perang Tiongkok-Jepang Pertama (\u4E2D\u65E5\u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89/\u4E2D\u65E5\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D - Zh\u014Dngr\u00EC Ji\u01CEw\u01D4 Zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng); (\u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89 Romaji: Nisshin Sens\u014D) (1 Agustus 1894\u201317 April 1895) adalah sebuah perang antara Dinasti Qing Tiongkok dan Meiji Jepang dalam perebutan kendali atas Korea. Perang Tiongkok-Jepang merupakan simbol kemerosotan Dinasti Qing dan juga menunjukkan kesuksesan modernisasi Jepang sejak Restorasi Meiji dibandingkan dengan Gerakan Penguatan Diri di Tiongkok. Peperangan ini berakhir dengan kekalahan Dinasti Qing dan penandatanganan Perjanjian Shimonoseki pada tahun 1895 yang berakibat pada ganti rugi 30 juta tael kepada Jepang. Pengaruh selanjutnya dari perang ini adalah pergantian dominansi regional Asia dari Tiongkok kepada Jepang dan merupakan pukulan telak untuk Dinasti Qing dan tradisi Tiongkok kuno. Kehilangan yang memalukan atas lepasnya Korea sebagai Negara pembayar upeti yang terhadap Tiongkok, memicu terjadinya kemarahan publik yang belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya. Didalam negeri sendiri, kekalahan Tiongkok mendorong terjadinya beberapa pergolakan politik yang dipimpin oleh Sun Yat-Sen dan Kang Youwei. Revolusi Xinhai menjadi puncaknya pada tahun 1911."@in . . "Premi\u00E8re guerre sino-japonaise"@fr . "La premi\u00E8re guerre sino-japonaise ou sino-nippone (1er ao\u00FBt 1894 - 17 avril 1895) oppose la Chine \u00E0 l\u2019empire du Japon, \u00E0 l\u2019origine pour le contr\u00F4le de la Cor\u00E9e. Apr\u00E8s plus de six mois de succ\u00E8s continus des forces navales et terrestres japonaises, ajout\u00E9s \u00E0 la perte du port de Weihai, les Qing demandent la paix en f\u00E9vrier 1895."@fr . . "16126"^^ . . . "439"^^ . . . "\u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89"@en . "Der Erste Japanisch-Chinesische Krieg (chinesisch \u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D / \u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89, Pinyin ji\u01CEw\u01D4 zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng \u2013 \u201EJiawu-Krieg\u201C, jap. \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89 nisshin sens\u014D) oder Erste Sino-Japanische Krieg war ein Krieg zwischen Japan und dem China der Qing-Dynastie, der zwischen August 1894 und April 1895 ausgetragen wurde. Ausl\u00F6ser waren Streitigkeiten um den politischen Status Koreas. Die offizielle Kriegserkl\u00E4rung des Japanischen Kaiserreiches an das Kaiserreich China erfolgte am 1. August 1894, nachdem Japan den K\u00F6nigspalast in Seoul in seine Gewalt gebracht hatte."@de . . . "373"^^ . . . . . . . "Evans"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The First Sino-Japanese War (25 July 1894 \u2013 17 April 1895) was a conflict between China and Japan primarily over influence in Korea. After more than six months of unbroken successes by Japanese land and naval forces and the loss of the port of Weihaiwei, the Qing government sued for peace in February 1895."@en . "First Sino-Japanese War"@en . "2012"^^ . . "\u65E5\u6E05\u6230\u722D"@en . "2014"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u042F\u043F\u043E\u043D\u043E-\u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430 (1894\u20141895)"@ru . "159"^^ . . "2002"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1894"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "*Treaty of Shimonoseki" . "Erster Japanisch-Chinesischer Krieg"@de . . . . . . "Unua \u0109ina-japana milito"@eo . . . . . . "Der Erste Japanisch-Chinesische Krieg (chinesisch \u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D / \u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89, Pinyin ji\u01CEw\u01D4 zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ng \u2013 \u201EJiawu-Krieg\u201C, jap. \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89 nisshin sens\u014D) oder Erste Sino-Japanische Krieg war ein Krieg zwischen Japan und dem China der Qing-Dynastie, der zwischen August 1894 und April 1895 ausgetragen wurde. Ausl\u00F6ser waren Streitigkeiten um den politischen Status Koreas. Die offizielle Kriegserkl\u00E4rung des Japanischen Kaiserreiches an das Kaiserreich China erfolgte am 1. August 1894, nachdem Japan den K\u00F6nigspalast in Seoul in seine Gewalt gebracht hatte. Die modern ausger\u00FCstete und gut ausgebildete Kaiserlich Japanische Armee besiegte die Chinesen in einer Serie von K\u00E4mpfen rund um Seoul und Pj\u00F6ngjang. Ein Gro\u00DFteil der chinesischen Flotte wurde zerst\u00F6rt, und die japanischen Truppen dr\u00E4ngten weiter in die Mandschurei. Nach diesen anhaltenden Niederlagen unterzeichnete das Kaiserreich China im April 1895 den Vertrag von Shimonoseki. Die Niederlage Chinas zeigte deutlich die Schw\u00E4chen der veralteten kaiserlich chinesischen Armee auf. Daraufhin wurden in China die Stimmen nach einer Beschleunigung des Modernisierungsprozesses immer lauter. Nach Kriegsende wurde Taiwan eine Kolonie Japans und Korea ein offiziell unabh\u00E4ngiger Staat."@de . . . . . . . . . . "Paine"@en . . . . . . . . . "author? ISBN?"@en . . . . "Lehen Txina-Japonia Gerra"@eu . . . . . "*Korean Peninsulatransferred to Japanesesphere of influence" . . . . "\u671D\u9BAE\u7B56\u7565"@en . . "\u039F \u0391\u0384 \u03A3\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03CA\u03B1\u03C0\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03BF\u03C2 (1 \u0391\u03C5\u03B3\u03BF\u03CD\u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 1894 \u2013 17 \u0391\u03C0\u03C1\u03B9\u03BB\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1895) \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C3\u03CD\u03B3\u03BA\u03C1\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B1\u03BD\u03AC\u03BC\u03B5\u03C3\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u0399\u03B1\u03C0\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u0391\u03C5\u03C4\u03BF\u03BA\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1 \u039C\u03B5\u0390\u03C4\u03B6\u03B9 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u039A\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03A4\u03C3\u03B9\u03BD\u03B3\u03BA, \u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C9\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03AD\u03BB\u03B5\u03B3\u03C7\u03BF \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u039A\u03BF\u03C1\u03AD\u03B1\u03C2. \u0397 \u03AE\u03C4\u03C4\u03B1 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u039A\u03B9\u03BD\u03AD\u03B6\u03C9\u03BD \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03AC \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03AD\u03BE\u03B9 \u03BC\u03AE\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2, \u03B5\u03BE\u03AD\u03C0\u03BB\u03B7\u03BE\u03B5 \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03BA\u03CC\u03C3\u03BC\u03BF \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03BA\u03AC\u03BB\u03C5\u03C8\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03CD\u03BD\u03B1\u03BC\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B9\u03B1\u03C0\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03CD, \u03BF \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF\u03C2 \u03AD\u03B4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C3\u03B5 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03B8\u03B1\u03C5\u03BC\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE \u03C4\u03B1\u03C7\u03CD\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1."@el . . . . . . . . . . . "Nisshin sens\u014D"@en . "Proclamation of the Japanese Meiji Emperor"@en . . . "400"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "La prima guerra sino-giapponese (in cinese \u4E2D\u65E5\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722DT, \u4E2D\u65E5\u7532\u5348\u6218\u4E89S, Zh\u014Dngr\u00EC Ji\u01CEw\u01D4 Zh\u00E0nzh\u0113ngP; in giapponese: \u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89, Nisshin Sensou) venne combattuta dal 1\u00BA agosto 1894 al 17 aprile 1895 tra l'impero Qing e l'Impero giapponese del periodo Meiji per il controllo della Corea. La guerra sino-giapponese sarebbe diventata il simbolo della degenerazione e dell'indebolimento della dinastia Qing e la dimostrazione del successo dell'occidentalizzazione e modernizzazione del Giappone ad opera del Rinnovamento Meiji rispetto all'Autorafforzamento cinese. La principale conseguenza fu lo spostamento del dominio regionale in Asia dalla Cina al Giappone e una perdita di legittimit\u00E0 sia della dinastia Qing, sia della tradizione cinese classica. Ci\u00F2 avrebbe portato pi\u00F9 tardi alla rivoluzione del 1911."@it . . "First Sino-Japanese War"@en . . . . . "A Primeira Guerra Sino-Japonesa (1894-1895) foi um conflito entre o Jap\u00E3o e a China, fundamentalmente pelo controle da Coreia. Em chin\u00EAs, para distingui-la da Segunda Guerra Sino-Japonesa, \u00E9 conhecida como \"Guerra Jiawu\" (\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D), j\u00E1 que ocorreu no ano chin\u00EAs que leva esse nome. Em Mar\u00E7o de 1895, os dois pa\u00EDses assinaram o tratado de Shimonoseki e a China aceitou a cess\u00E3o de Taiwan, das Ilhas Pescadores e de Liaodong ao Jap\u00E3o."@pt . . . . "Imperial Japanese Army composition"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D\uFF0C\u4EA6\u79F0\u4E2D\u65E5\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D\uFF0C\u662F\u4E00\u5834\u4E2D\u570B\u6E05\u671D\u548C\u5927\u65E5\u672C\u5E1D\u570B\u4E4B\u9593\u7684\u8FD1\u4EE3\u6230\u722D\uFF0C\u5169\u570B\u570D\u7E5E\u8457\u671D\u9BAE\u534A\u5CF6\u7684\u5B97\u4E3B\u6B0A\u5C55\u958B\u4E86\u5168\u9762\u7684\u8ECD\u4E8B\u885D\u7A81\uFF0C\u570B\u969B\u793E\u6703\u5728\u6B64\u524D\u4E00\u76F4\u770B\u597D\u6E05\u671D\uFF0C\u4F46\u5BE6\u969B\u4E0A\u537B\u662F\u65E5\u672C\u65B9\u9762\u8F15\u9B06\u7372\u52DD\uFF0C\u800C\u6E05\u671D\u5247\u6158\u6557\u5F97\u6B78\uFF0C\u6700\u7D42\u4EE51895\u5E74\u7C3D\u8A02\u7684\u300A\u99AC\u95DC\u689D\u7D04\u300B\u6536\u5C3E\u3002 \u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D\u4EE5\u4E30\u5C9B\u6D77\u6218\u70BA\u6230\u722D\u7206\u767C\u7684\u6A19\u8A8C\uFF0C\u9678\u6230\u7684\u4E3B\u6230\u5834\u4F4D\u65BC\u671D\u9C9C\u534A\u5C9B\u3001\u8FBD\u4E1C\u534A\u5CF6\u548C\u5C71\u6771\u534A\u5CF6\uFF0C\u6D77\u8ECD\u7684\u4E3B\u6230\u5834\u4F4D\u65BC\u9EC3\u6D77\u548C\u6E24\u6D77\u3002\u4E2D\u65E5\u5169\u570B\u5728\u958B\u6230\u4E4B\u524D\u5747\u63A5\u53D7\u4E86\u4E0D\u540C\u7A0B\u5EA6\u7684\u897F\u5316\uFF0C\u4E5F\u90FD\u63A1\u53D6\u4E86\u897F\u6D0B\u5F0F\u6230\u8266\u548C\u9678\u8ECD\u88DD\u5099\uFF0C\u4F46\u7531\u65BC\u65E5\u672C\u7684\u5927\u7372\u5168\u52DD\uFF0C\u897F\u65B9\u5217\u5F37\u5728\u6B64\u4E00\u6230\u5F8C\u5C31\u4EE5\u5E73\u7B49\u7684\u59FF\u614B\u9762\u5C0D\u65E5\u672C\uFF1B\u800C\u6E05\u671D\u7684\u570B\u969B\u8072\u671B\u5247\u4E00\u843D\u5343\u4E08\uFF0C\u88AB\u8A8D\u70BA\u662F\u201C\u6771\u4E9E\u75C5\u592B\u201D\uFF0C\u897F\u65B9\u5217\u5F37\u770B\u7A7F\u4E86\u6E05\u671D\u7684\u897F\u65B9\u5316\u53EA\u662F\u5F92\u6709\u865B\u540D\u4E4B\u5F8C\u5C31\u4E0D\u518D\u624B\u8EDF\uFF0C\u958B\u555F\u4E86\u74DC\u5206\u4E2D\u570B\u7684\u72C2\u6F6E\u3002\u6B64\u6230\u4E5F\u6DF1\u9060\u7684\u5F71\u97FF\u4E86\u6771\u4E9E\u7684\u5916\u4EA4\u683C\u5C40\uFF0C\u671D\u9BAE\u534A\u5CF6\u6B63\u5F0F\u64FA\u812B\u4E86\u5169\u5343\u591A\u5E74\u4F86\u5C0D\u4E2D\u570B\u7684\u85E9\u5C6C\u570B\u5730\u4F4D\uFF0C\u4EE5\u4E2D\u570B\u70BA\u4E2D\u5FC3\u7684\u518A\u5C01\u9AD4\u5236\u5728\u6B64\u6642\u89E3\u9AD4\uFF0C\u4F46\u671D\u9BAE\u4E26\u6C92\u6709\u7372\u5F97\u771F\u6B63\u7684\u7368\u7ACB\uFF0C\u5176\u653F\u5E9C\u5728\u4E4B\u5F8C\u6162\u6162\u5730\u6DEA\u70BA\u65E5\u672C\u7684\u5080\u5121\uFF1B\u800C\u53F0\u7063\u5CF6\u5247\u88AB\u5272\u8B93\u7D66\u65E5\u672C\uFF0C\u6210\u70BA\u65E5\u672C\u7684\u7B2C\u4E00\u500B\u6B96\u6C11\u5730\u3002"@zh . . . . "\u65E5\u6E05\u6226\u4E89"@ja . . . "121869"^^ . . . . . . . . . "289"^^ . . . . . . "A Primeira Guerra Sino-Japonesa (1894-1895) foi um conflito entre o Jap\u00E3o e a China, fundamentalmente pelo controle da Coreia. Em chin\u00EAs, para distingui-la da Segunda Guerra Sino-Japonesa, \u00E9 conhecida como \"Guerra Jiawu\" (\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722D), j\u00E1 que ocorreu no ano chin\u00EAs que leva esse nome. Em Mar\u00E7o de 1895, os dois pa\u00EDses assinaram o tratado de Shimonoseki e a China aceitou a cess\u00E3o de Taiwan, das Ilhas Pescadores e de Liaodong ao Jap\u00E3o. No entanto, nesse mesmo ano, a R\u00FAssia, que via a expans\u00E3o de Jap\u00E3o como um perigo aos seus interesses geopol\u00EDticos na zona, apoiada pela Fran\u00E7a e o Reino Unido, pressionaram o governo japon\u00EAs para que amistosamente reconsiderasse as vantagens obtidas pelo Tratado de Shimonoseki. O Jap\u00E3o, que era incapaz de enfrentar-se com a R\u00FAssia, cedeu e teve de renunciar aos direitos adquiridos sobre a pen\u00EDnsula de Liaodong e a sua cobi\u00E7ada pra\u00E7a estrat\u00E9gica de Port Arthur. Este fato, pese a conserva\u00E7\u00E3o do resto dos ganhos territoriais e a influ\u00EAncia sobre a Coreia fez com que os japoneses pensassem duas vezes antes de agir por conta pr\u00F3pria."@pt . "\u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064A\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649"@ar . . . "China, Korea, Manchuria, Taiwan, Yellow Sea"@en . "\u0391\u0384 \u03A3\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03CA\u03B1\u03C0\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03A0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03BF\u03C2"@el . . "30"^^ . . . . .